Pyry, Warsaw
Pyry[a] is a municipal neighbourhood, and a City Information System area, in Warsaw, Poland, within the district of Ursynów.[1][2][3] It is a residencial area, consisting of single-family housing.[4]
Pyry | |
|---|---|
Houses and the Wingert Lake in Pyry, in 2022. | |
Location of the City Information System area of Pyry, within the district of Ursynów in Warsaw. | |
| Coordinates: 52°07′46″N 21°01′04″E / 52.12944°N 21.01778°E | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Masovian |
| City and county | Warsaw |
| District | Ursynów |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1.98 km2 (0.76 sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Area code | +48 22 |
Pyry was founded in the 18th century as a farming community.[1][5] In the late 1930s, there was constructed the military complex if the Cipher Bureau, in which, from 1937 to 1939, Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Różycki, and Henryk Zygalski worked on developing the decryption techniques of the Enigma machine used by the Nazi Germany.[6][7] The village was incorporated into Warsaw in 1951.[8]
History edit
Pyry, historically known as Pery, was founded in the 18th century, originally being the southern extention of the village of Imielin. It was a farming comminity with a few households.[1][5]
On 30 November 1898, in Pyry was opened the Warszawa Pyry narrow-gauge railway station operated by the Grójec Commuter Railway. It was part of the railway line between stations of Warszawa Mokotów and Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą. The station operated until 1 December 1969. It was at the current intersection of Puławska Street, Akustyczna Street, and Leśna Street.[9][10] The presence the railway station had greatly increased development of the village.[10] In 1921, it was inhabited by 421 people in 60 households.[1]
During the interwar period, Pyry were a holiday village.[5]
In the 1930s, at 8 Kajakowa Street, and in the nearby Kabaty Woods was constructed the military complex of the General Staff of the Polish Armed Forces, which, from 1937 to 1939, housed the branch of the Cipher Bureau responsible for deciphering German codes and messages.[6] Team of mathematicans employed by the bureau, consisting of Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Różycki, and Henryk Zygalski, was first to decipher coding of the Enigma machine in 1932, used by the Nazi Germany military. They continued working its deciphering at the facility, and shared their Enigma-decryption techniques there with British and French intelligence agencies in June 1939. [7][11] Currently, it houses the Air Operations Centre – Air Component Command of the Polish Air Force.[12]
On 8 September 1939, Pyry was captured by the German forces during the Invasion of Poland in the Second World War.[13]
Between 1946 and 1958, at 434 Puławska Street was constructed the Catholic Church of Saint Apostles Peter and Paul.[14] On 24 March 1946, at Łagiewnicka Street was also opened the Pyry Cemetery, operated by the church. Currently, it is located within the nearby neighbourhood of Jeziorki.[15][3]
On 14 May 1951, Pyry was incorporated into the city of Warsaw.[8]
In 1996 was established the municipal neighbourhood of Pyry, as a subdivision of the municipality of Warsaw-Ursynów, which was replaced by the city district of Ursynów in 2002. The neighbourhood status was reconfirmed in 2013. It is governed by an elected neighbourhood council.[2][16] In 1998, the district of Ursynów was subdivided into the areas of the City Information System, with one of them being Pyry, with the same boundaries as the municipal neighbourhood.[17][18]
In 1998, at 465 Puławska Street was opened the Rodan Systems Building.[19] It was awarded the First Degree Award of the Minister of the Interior and Administration in 1999, and is regarded as a prime example of the 1990s and post-communist architecture in Poland.[20][21][22]
Between 2006 and 2010, at 63D Farbiarska Street was constructed the Presbyterian Warsaw Korean Church.[23]
Characteristics edit
Pyry is a municipal neighbourhood, and an area of the City Information System, located in the south-central portion of the district of Ursynów. It has total area of 1.98 km² (0.76 sq mi), and is governed by a neighbourhood council, consisting of 15 elected officials.[2][3] It is a residencial area consisting of single-family housing.[4]
At 434 Puławska Street is located the Catholic Church of Saint Apostles Peter and Paul.[14] At 63D Farbiarska Street also operates the Presbyterian Warsaw Korean Church.[24]
At 465 Puławska Street is placed the Rodan Systems Building, an office building constructed in 1998, which is regarded as a prime example of 1990s and post-communist architecture in Poland.[19][21][22]
Additionally, at 8 Kajakowa Street, and in the nearby Kabaty Woods is located the military complex of the Air Operations Centre – Air Component Command of the Polish Air Force.[12]
Near Farbiarska Street and Głusza Street is located the Wingert Lake with an area of 0.3486 ha.[25]
Location and administrative boundaries edit
Pyry is a municipal neighbourhood, and a City Information System area in Warsaw, located within the south-central portion of the district of Ursynów. To the north, its boundary is determined by the Warsaw Metro branch line; to the east, by the Kabaty Woods Nature Reserve; to the south, by Baletowa Street, Puławska Street, Puławskska Street, and the parcels adjusted to the southern part of Tukana Street; and to the west, by Farbiarska Street.[2][3]
The City Information System area borders Grabów, and Old Imielin to the north, Kabaty Woods Nature Reserve to the east; Dąbrówka to the south, Jeziorki Południowe to the southwest, and Jeziorki Północne to the west. The municipal neighbourhood of Pyry borders Dąbrówka, and Jeziorki.[2][3]
Notes edit
References edit
- ^ a b c d Barbara Petrozolin-Skowrońska (editor): Encyklopedia Warszawy, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 1994, p. 713. ISBN 83-01-08836-2. (in Polish)
- ^ a b c d e "Osiedle Pyry". ursynow.um.warszawa.pl (in Polish).
- ^ a b c d e "Obszary MSI. Dzielnica Ursynów". zdm.waw.pl (in Polish).
- ^ a b Studium uwarunkowań i kierunków zagospodarowania przestrzennego miasta stołecznego Warszawy ze zmianami. Warsaw: Warsaw City Council, 1 March 2018, pp. 10–14. (in Polish)
- ^ a b c Kwiryna Handke: Dzieje Warszawy nazwami pisane. Warsaw: Warsaw History Museum, 2011, p. 315. ISBN 978-83-62189-08-3. (in Polish)
- ^ a b W. Kozaczuk: Enigma: How the German Machine Cipher Was Broken, and How It Was Read by the Allies in World War Two, University Publications of America, 1984, p 43.
- ^ a b Manuel Vázquez, Paz Jiménez–Seral. "Recovering the military Enigma using permutations—filling in the details of Rejewski's solution". Cryptologia, no. 42 (2). Philadelphia, 4 March 2018, p. 106–134. doi:10.1080/01611194.2016.1257522. S2CID 4451333.
- ^ a b "Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 5 maja 1951 r. w sprawie zmiany granic miasta stołecznego Warszawy". isap.sejm.gov.pl (in Polish).
- ^ "Warszawa Pyry". atlaskolejowy.net (in Polish).
- ^ a b Lech Królikowski: Ursynów wczoraj, dziś, jutro. Warsaw: 2014, p 60. (in Polish)
- ^ Ralph Erskine: "The Poles Reveal their Secrets: Alastair Denniston's Account of the July 1939 Meeting at Pyry". Cryptologia, no. 30 (4). Philadelphia, December 2006, p. 294–305. doi:10.1080/01611190600920944. S2CID 13410460.
- ^ a b "Centrum Operacji Powietrznych – Dowództwo Komponentu Powietrznego. Kontakt". cop-dkp.wp.mil.pl (in Polish).
- ^ Jacek Krawczyk: Ursynów wczoraj i dziś. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Pagina, 2001, p. 61. ISBN 83-86351-37-3. (in Polish)
- ^ a b "Warszawa. Świętych Apostołów Piotra i Pawła". archwwa.pl (in Polish).
- ^ Grzegorz Kalwarczyk: Przewodnik po parafiach i kościołach Archidiecezji Warszawskiej, vol. 2: Parafie warszawskie. Warsaw: Oficyna Wydawniczo-Poligraficzna "Adam", 2015, p. 473. ISBN 978-83-7821-118-1. (in Polish)
- ^ "Jednostki pomocnicze dzielnicy Ursynów m.st. Warszawy". ursynow.um.warszawa.pl (in Polish). 26 November 2013.
- ^ "Uchwałą Nr 563 Rady Gminy Warszawa-Ursynów z dnia 18 czerwca 1998 r. z późniejszymi zmianami z dnia 18 czerwca 1998 r. w sprawie wprowadzenia Miejskiego Systemu Informacji w Gminie Warszawa-Ursynów" (PDF). zdm.waw.pl (in Polish).
- ^ "Uchwała Nr 366 Zarządu Gminy Warszawa-Ursynów z dnia 9 lutego 2000 r. w sprawie uzupełnienia i skorygowania Miejskiego Systemu Informacji w Gminie Warszawa-Ursynów" (PDF). zdm.waw.pl (in Polish).
- ^ a b Marta Leśniakowska: Architektura w Warszawie 1989–2001. Warsaw: Arkada Pracownia Historii Sztuki, 2002, p. 3, 178–181. ISBN 83-908950-5-6.
- ^ Konrad Kucza-Kuczyński: Symbolika perforowanej taśmy; In: Architektura Murator, no. 4 (55). Warsaw, April 1999, p. 21–24, ISSN 1232-6372. (in Polish)
- ^ a b . culture.pl (in Polish). May 2006.
- ^ a b Aleksandra Stępień-Dąbrowska: Jakby luksusowo. Przewodnik po architekturze Warszawy lat 90. Warsaw: National Institute of Architecture and Urbanistics, 2021, p. 8–9, 69–70, ISBN 978-83-960286-8-6. (in Polish)
- ^ "교회역사". missioninpoland.com (in Korean).
- ^ "교회소개". missioninpoland.com (in Korean).
- ^ "Załącznik tekstowy i tabelaryczny do programu ochrony środowiska dla miasta stołecznego Warszawy na lata 2009–2012 z uwzględnieniem perspektywy do 2016 r." (PDF). bip.warszawa.pl (in Polish). 21 October 2010.
External links edit
Media related to Pyry at Wikimedia Commons