Pumiliotoxins (PTXs), are one of several toxins found in the skin of poison dart frogs. The frog species, P. bibronii also produces PTXs to deter predators. Closely related, though more toxic, are allopumiliotoxins, (aPTXs). Other toxins found in the skin of poison frogs include decahydroquinolines (DHQs), izidines, coccinellines, and spiropyrrolizidine alkaloids. Pumiliotoxins are very poisonous in high concentrations. Pumiliotoxins are much weaker than batrachotoxins, ranging between 100 and 1000 times less poisonous. There are three different types of this toxin: A, B and C, of which toxins A and B are more toxic than C. Pumiliotoxins interfere with muscle contraction by affecting calcium channels, causing partial paralysis, difficulty moving, hyperactivity,[1] or death. The median lethal dose of pumiliotoxins A and B is 50 µg / mouse, 20 µg / mouse respectively, while the amount of pumiliotoxin is 200 µg / frog.[2]
^Daly, JW; Garraffo, HM; Spande, TF; et al. (September 2003). "Evidence for an enantioselective pumiliotoxin 7-hydroxylase in dendrobatid poison frogs of the genus Dendrobates". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (19): 11092–7. Bibcode:2003PNAS..10011092D. doi:10.1073/pnas.1834430100. PMC196932. PMID 12960405.
pumiliotoxin, ptxs, several, toxins, found, skin, poison, dart, frogs, frog, species, bibronii, also, produces, ptxs, deter, predators, closely, related, though, more, toxic, allopumiliotoxins, aptxs, other, toxins, found, skin, poison, frogs, include, decahyd. Pumiliotoxins PTXs are one of several toxins found in the skin of poison dart frogs The frog species P bibronii also produces PTXs to deter predators Closely related though more toxic are allopumiliotoxins aPTXs Other toxins found in the skin of poison frogs include decahydroquinolines DHQs izidines coccinellines and spiropyrrolizidine alkaloids Pumiliotoxins are very poisonous in high concentrations Pumiliotoxins are much weaker than batrachotoxins ranging between 100 and 1000 times less poisonous There are three different types of this toxin A B and C of which toxins A and B are more toxic than C Pumiliotoxins interfere with muscle contraction by affecting calcium channels causing partial paralysis difficulty moving hyperactivity 1 or death The median lethal dose of pumiliotoxins A and B is 50 µg mouse 20 µg mouse respectively while the amount of pumiliotoxin is 200 µg frog 2 Pumiliotoxin A R HPumiliotoxin B R OHPumiliotoxin 251DSee also editAllopumiliotoxin HistrionicotoxinReferences edit Daly JW Garraffo HM Spande TF et al September 2003 Evidence for an enantioselective pumiliotoxin 7 hydroxylase in dendrobatid poison frogs of the genus Dendrobates Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100 19 11092 7 Bibcode 2003PNAS 10011092D doi 10 1073 pnas 1834430100 PMC 196932 PMID 12960405 http wiredspace wits ac za bitstream handle 10539 4967 PHD001pdf pdf sequence 1 amp isAllowed y bare URL PDF External links editPoison Dart Frogs Toxins in Poison Dart Frogs nbsp This neurotoxin article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte nbsp This Dendrobatidae related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pumiliotoxin amp oldid 1176939517, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
