The shovelnose guitarfish, Pseudobatos productus, is a ray in the family Rhinobatidae.[2][3] It becomes mature at an estimated seven to eight years old. Males are between 90–100 cm (35–39 in) long, while females are around 99 cm (39 in) at that age.[4] The ray can live up to 11 years, and full-grown sizes are around 120 cm (47 in) for males, and females reach 137 cm (54 in).[5] They range from central California south to the Gulf of California.[1] Morphological and genetic variations occur in the mitochondrial DNA in those found in the Gulf of California, evidencing their isolation from the rest. Because of this, the conservation of this species must be carefully managed to preserve the biological diversity.[6] The shovelnose is considered to be a primitively developed ray, with many features of both sharks and rays.
Pseudobatos productus has magnetic particles in its vestibular receptors, and the magnetic particles are believed to be exogenous in origin. The magnetic particles' spatial arrangement may aid in the sensitivity of the receptors to movements.[7]
The visual system of the shovelnose is more extensive and developed than other Elasmobranchii, with multiple large projections connecting to the brain. Almost the entire dorsal and ventral hypothalamus is connected to the visual system, but still maintains a similar lack of differentiation as with sharks.[8]
The shovelnose guitarfish was first considered to be a shark because of its dorsal fins' shape.[citation needed]
This species can be caught from the surf, within shallow California waters. Sand crabs, various bivalves such as mussels, and other live or dead bait are recommended for catching the fish.[9]
As foodedit
The common cuts of meat used from the shovelnose guitarfish are the trunk, tail, and loin, mostly from mature individuals. It has been referred to as "shark steak" within markets, and is usually served fried; with other iterations such as cocktails and kebabs being prepared. It is sold as fish and chips in Santa Barbara, California on piers. Dried specimens of all sizes are also frequently sold in shell shops throughout central to Baja California.[4][10]
Galleryedit
Shovelnose guitarfish
Media related to Pseudobatos productus at Wikimedia Commons
Referencesedit
^ abFarrugia, T.J.; Márquez-Farías, F.; Freedman, R.M.; Lowe, C.G.; Smith, W.D. & Bizzarro, J.J. (2016). "Pseudobatos productus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T60171A104004394. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60171A104004394.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2005). "Rhinobatos productus" in FishBase. August 2005 version.
^ abTimmons, M and Bray, R. Age, growth, and sexual maturity of shovelnose guitarfish, Rhinobatos productus. Fishery Bulletin 95:349–359 (1997).
^Timmons, M Bray RN (2004). "Age, growth, and sexual maturity of shovelnose guitarfish, Rhinobatos productus (Ayres)". Fishery Bulletin. 95 (2): 349–359.
^J. Sandoval-Castillo; A. Rocha-Olivares; C. Villavicencio-Garayzar; E. Balart (2004). (PDF). Marine Biology. 145 (5): 983–988. doi:10.1007/s00227-004-1378-7. S2CID 86751007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-25.
^D.P. O’Leary; J. Vilches-Troya; R.F. Dunn & A. Campos-Muñoz (1981). "Magnets in guitarfish vestibular receptors". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 37 (1): 86–88. doi:10.1007/BF01965587. PMID 7202681. S2CID 19317589.
^Ebbesson, S.O.E. & Meyer, D.L. (1980). "The visual system of the guitar fish (Rhinobatos productus)". Cell and Tissue Research. 206 (2): 243–250. doi:10.1007/bf00232768. PMID 7388890. S2CID 9273148.
^"Shovelnose guitarfish", Sea Grant California. Retrieved February 26, 2021.
April 13, 2024
shovelnose, guitarfish, shovelnose, guitarfish, pseudobatos, productus, family, rhinobatidae, becomes, mature, estimated, seven, eight, years, males, between, long, while, females, around, that, live, years, full, grown, sizes, around, males, females, reach, t. The shovelnose guitarfish Pseudobatos productus is a ray in the family Rhinobatidae 2 3 It becomes mature at an estimated seven to eight years old Males are between 90 100 cm 35 39 in long while females are around 99 cm 39 in at that age 4 The ray can live up to 11 years and full grown sizes are around 120 cm 47 in for males and females reach 137 cm 54 in 5 They range from central California south to the Gulf of California 1 Morphological and genetic variations occur in the mitochondrial DNA in those found in the Gulf of California evidencing their isolation from the rest Because of this the conservation of this species must be carefully managed to preserve the biological diversity 6 The shovelnose is considered to be a primitively developed ray with many features of both sharks and rays Shovelnose guitarfishDorsal viewVentral viewConservation statusNear Threatened IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ChondrichthyesSubclass ElasmobranchiiSuperorder BatoideaOrder RhinopristiformesFamily RhinobatidaeGenus PseudobatosSpecies P productusBinomial namePseudobatos productus Ayres 1854 Range of P productusSynonymsRhinobatos productusPseudobatos productus has magnetic particles in its vestibular receptors and the magnetic particles are believed to be exogenous in origin The magnetic particles spatial arrangement may aid in the sensitivity of the receptors to movements 7 The visual system of the shovelnose is more extensive and developed than other Elasmobranchii with multiple large projections connecting to the brain Almost the entire dorsal and ventral hypothalamus is connected to the visual system but still maintains a similar lack of differentiation as with sharks 8 The shovelnose guitarfish was first considered to be a shark because of its dorsal fins shape citation needed Contents 1 Human interaction 1 1 Recreation 1 2 As food 2 Gallery 3 ReferencesHuman interaction editRecreation edit This species can be caught from the surf within shallow California waters Sand crabs various bivalves such as mussels and other live or dead bait are recommended for catching the fish 9 As food edit The common cuts of meat used from the shovelnose guitarfish are the trunk tail and loin mostly from mature individuals It has been referred to as shark steak within markets and is usually served fried with other iterations such as cocktails and kebabs being prepared It is sold as fish and chips in Santa Barbara California on piers Dried specimens of all sizes are also frequently sold in shell shops throughout central to Baja California 4 10 Gallery edit nbsp Shovelnose guitarfish nbsp Media related to Pseudobatos productus at Wikimedia CommonsReferences edit a b Farrugia T J Marquez Farias F Freedman R M Lowe C G Smith W D amp Bizzarro J J 2016 Pseudobatos productus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T60171A104004394 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2016 3 RLTS T60171A104004394 en Retrieved 12 November 2021 Rhinobatos productus Integrated Taxonomic Information System Retrieved 24 January 2006 Froese Rainer Pauly Daniel eds 2005 Rhinobatos productus in FishBase August 2005 version a b Timmons M and Bray R Age growth and sexual maturity of shovelnose guitarfish Rhinobatos productus Fishery Bulletin 95 349 359 1997 Timmons M Bray RN 2004 Age growth and sexual maturity of shovelnose guitarfish Rhinobatos productus Ayres Fishery Bulletin 95 2 349 359 J Sandoval Castillo A Rocha Olivares C Villavicencio Garayzar E Balart 2004 Cryptic isolation of Gulf of California shovelnose guitarfish evidenced by mitochondrial DNA PDF Marine Biology 145 5 983 988 doi 10 1007 s00227 004 1378 7 S2CID 86751007 Archived from the original PDF on 2012 04 25 D P O Leary J Vilches Troya R F Dunn amp A Campos Munoz 1981 Magnets in guitarfish vestibular receptors Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 37 1 86 88 doi 10 1007 BF01965587 PMID 7202681 S2CID 19317589 Ebbesson S O E amp Meyer D L 1980 The visual system of the guitar fish Rhinobatos productus Cell and Tissue Research 206 2 243 250 doi 10 1007 bf00232768 PMID 7388890 S2CID 9273148 California Marine Sportfish Identification Sharks California Department of Fish and Wildlife Retrieved February 26 2021 Shovelnose guitarfish Sea Grant California Retrieved February 26 2021 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Shovelnose guitarfish amp oldid 1195226832, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
