A process hazard analysis (PHA) (or process hazard evaluation) is an exercise for the identification of hazards of a process facility and the qualitative or semi-quantitative assessment of the associated risk. A PHA provides information intended to assist managers and employees in making decisions for improving safety and reducing the consequences of unwanted or unplanned releases of hazardous materials.[1] A PHA is directed toward analyzing potential causes and consequences of fires, explosions, releases of toxic or flammable chemicals and major spills of hazardous chemicals, and it focuses on equipment, instrumentation, utilities, human actions, and external factors that might impact the process. It is one of the elements of OSHA's program for Process Safety Management.
There are several methodologies that can be used to conduct a PHA, including checklists, hazard identification (HAZID) reviews, what-if reviews and SWIFT, hazard and operability studies (HAZOP), failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA), etc. PHA methods are qualitative or, at best, semi-quantitative in nature. A simple element of risk quantification is often introduced in the form of a risk matrix, as in preliminary hazard analysis (PreHA). The selection of the methodology to be used depends on a number of factors, including the complexity of the process, the length of time a process has been in operation and if a PHA has been conducted on the process before, and if the process is unique, or industrially common. Quantitative methods for risk assessment, such as layer-of-protection analysis (LOPA) or fault tree analysis (FTA) may be used after a PHA, if the PHA team could not reach a risk decision for a given scenario.
process, hazard, analysis, process, hazard, analysis, process, hazard, evaluation, exercise, identification, hazards, process, facility, qualitative, semi, quantitative, assessment, associated, risk, provides, information, intended, assist, managers, employees. A process hazard analysis PHA or process hazard evaluation is an exercise for the identification of hazards of a process facility and the qualitative or semi quantitative assessment of the associated risk A PHA provides information intended to assist managers and employees in making decisions for improving safety and reducing the consequences of unwanted or unplanned releases of hazardous materials 1 A PHA is directed toward analyzing potential causes and consequences of fires explosions releases of toxic or flammable chemicals and major spills of hazardous chemicals and it focuses on equipment instrumentation utilities human actions and external factors that might impact the process It is one of the elements of OSHA s program for Process Safety Management There are several methodologies that can be used to conduct a PHA including checklists hazard identification HAZID reviews what if reviews and SWIFT hazard and operability studies HAZOP failure mode and effect analysis FMEA etc PHA methods are qualitative or at best semi quantitative in nature A simple element of risk quantification is often introduced in the form of a risk matrix as in preliminary hazard analysis PreHA The selection of the methodology to be used depends on a number of factors including the complexity of the process the length of time a process has been in operation and if a PHA has been conducted on the process before and if the process is unique or industrially common Quantitative methods for risk assessment such as layer of protection analysis LOPA or fault tree analysis FTA may be used after a PHA if the PHA team could not reach a risk decision for a given scenario In the United States the use of PHAs is mandated as one of the elements of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration OSHA process safety management regulation for the identification of risks involved in the design operation and modification of processes that handle highly hazardous chemicals 1 See also editCyber PHAReferences edit a b Code of Federal Regulations Title 29 Subtitle B Chapter XVII Part 1910 Subpart H 1910 119 eCFR 2023 06 15 Retrieved 2023 06 20 Further reading editPrimatech 2017 Comparison of PHA Methods Primatech Retrieved 2023 06 24 nbsp This engineering related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Process hazard analysis amp oldid 1215800171, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
