Sistema Stykovki i Vnutrennego Perekhoda, SSVP (Russian: Система стыковки и внутреннего перехода, System for docking and internal transfer) is a docking standard used by Soviet and Russian spacecraft,[1] sometimes called RDS for Russian Docking System. It has been used on all variants of Soyuz other than the Soyuz 7K-L3 and early flights of the Soyuz 7K-OK, as well as Progress, TKS, ATV, and on all Soviet and Russian space stations.
SSVP was initially conceived in 1967 by the TsKBEM design bureau for use on the then-planned OIS military space station. Though OIS never flew, in 1970 the design was selected for use on the Salyut and Almaz space stations.[1] During its first attempted use on the Soyuz 10 mission, docking was unsuccessful due to a faulty hatch, and a failure in the automatic docking system.[2] This led to a number of redesigns to reduce damage from accidental loads.[1]
In the 1980s, SSVP was further upgraded to support docking of large modules, such as the ones that would be used to construct Mir.[1] They were used to attach all pressurized modules of the Mir, and for most spacecraft dockings (with the exception of the Space Shuttle flights, and Soyuz TM-16, which used the APAS-89 docking mechanisms located on Kristall and the Mir Docking Module.[3])
The modern version of SSVP is SSVP-G4000.[1] The Russian segment of the International Space Station features eight available passive SSVP-G4000 ports, located on Zvezda-aft, Rassvet, Poisk, and Prichal. An additional port, on Zarya-nadir, was used to dock Rassvet. In addition to Russian spacecraft, the SSVP was also used on the EuropeanAutomated Transfer Vehicle, which docked to the aft port of Zvezda. These ports were provided by Russia in exchange for the Data Management System, supplied by ESA for use in Zvezda.[4][5]
An upgraded version, designed for reusability and to provide a wider tunnel, is planned for use on the next-generation Orel spacecraft.[6]
DesignEdit
SSVP Drogue
SSVP Probe
SSVP consists of two components; an active probe, and a passive drogue. The probe enters the drogue, and its tip is grasped by soft-capture latches which are then retracted using electrically driven motors to provide close alignment. Eight hard-capture locks then firmly attach the two spacecraft. After hard docking, the pressure between spacecraft is equalized using the Interface Leak Check System.[1][7]
The port contains a transfer tunnel, with an internal diameter of 800 mm. The ring surrounding this tunnel also includes a number of connectors, providing for transfer of power, data, and fuel between two docked vehicles.[1]
HybridsEdit
A "hybrid" version, combining the design of SSVP and APAS-95, is also available, used for permanent docking of space station modules. This version uses the probe-and-drogue design of the standard SSVP, but with a hard-dock collar from APAS-95. The APAS-95 collar has twelve latches instead of the eight of standard SSVP. This variant is known as SSVP-M8000.[7][citation needed]
These hybrid SSVP ports are used to permanently connect Pirs, Nauka, Poisk and Zarya to Zvezda and Prichal to Nauka.[7]
Modified Passive hybrids of SSVP-M8000 are used on lateral ports of Prichal and are known as SSPA-GB 1/2.[8]
Adapter RingEdit
It converts passive Hybrid SSVP-M8000 Docking System to passive SSVP-G4000.[9] The docking ring initially used for Soyuz MS-18 and Progress MS-17 docking on Nauka until detached by Progress MS-17 inflight for Prichal module arrived on ISS.[10] This adapter is termed as SSPA-GM. It was made for the Nauka nadir and Prichal nadir ports of the International Space Station, where Soyuz and Progress spacecraft had to dock to a port designated for modules. Before removal of SSPA-GM, the docking ring is 80 cm (31 in) in diameter; that becomes 120 cm (47 in) after removal.
^"Новости. «Прогресс МС-17» освободил место для нового модуля". www.roscosmos.ru. Retrieved 2021-11-27.
^"Новости. Новый модуль вошел в состав российского сегмента МКС". www.roscosmos.ru. Retrieved 2021-11-27.
External linksEdit
October 20, 2023
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Sistema Stykovki i Vnutrennego Perekhoda SSVP Russian Sistema stykovki i vnutrennego perehoda System for docking and internal transfer is a docking standard used by Soviet and Russian spacecraft 1 sometimes called RDS for Russian Docking System It has been used on all variants of Soyuz other than the Soyuz 7K L3 and early flights of the Soyuz 7K OK as well as Progress TKS ATV and on all Soviet and Russian space stations Contents 1 History 2 Design 3 Hybrids 4 Adapter Ring 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksHistory EditSSVP was initially conceived in 1967 by the TsKBEM design bureau for use on the then planned OIS military space station Though OIS never flew in 1970 the design was selected for use on the Salyut and Almaz space stations 1 During its first attempted use on the Soyuz 10 mission docking was unsuccessful due to a faulty hatch and a failure in the automatic docking system 2 This led to a number of redesigns to reduce damage from accidental loads 1 In the 1980s SSVP was further upgraded to support docking of large modules such as the ones that would be used to construct Mir 1 They were used to attach all pressurized modules of the Mir and for most spacecraft dockings with the exception of the Space Shuttle flights and Soyuz TM 16 which used the APAS 89 docking mechanisms located on Kristall and the Mir Docking Module 3 The modern version of SSVP is SSVP G4000 1 The Russian segment of the International Space Station features eight available passive SSVP G4000 ports located on Zvezda aft Rassvet Poisk and Prichal An additional port on Zarya nadir was used to dock Rassvet In addition to Russian spacecraft the SSVP was also used on the European Automated Transfer Vehicle which docked to the aft port of Zvezda These ports were provided by Russia in exchange for the Data Management System supplied by ESA for use in Zvezda 4 5 An upgraded version designed for reusability and to provide a wider tunnel is planned for use on the next generation Orel spacecraft 6 Design Edit nbsp SSVP Drogue nbsp SSVP Probe SSVP consists of two components an active probe and a passive drogue The probe enters the drogue and its tip is grasped by soft capture latches which are then retracted using electrically driven motors to provide close alignment Eight hard capture locks then firmly attach the two spacecraft After hard docking the pressure between spacecraft is equalized using the Interface Leak Check System 1 7 The port contains a transfer tunnel with an internal diameter of 800 mm The ring surrounding this tunnel also includes a number of connectors providing for transfer of power data and fuel between two docked vehicles 1 Hybrids EditA hybrid version combining the design of SSVP and APAS 95 is also available used for permanent docking of space station modules This version uses the probe and drogue design of the standard SSVP but with a hard dock collar from APAS 95 The APAS 95 collar has twelve latches instead of the eight of standard SSVP This variant is known as SSVP M8000 7 citation needed These hybrid SSVP ports are used to permanently connect Pirs Nauka Poisk and Zarya to Zvezda and Prichal to Nauka 7 Modified Passive hybrids of SSVP M8000 are used on lateral ports of Prichal and are known as SSPA GB 1 2 8 Adapter Ring EditIt converts passive Hybrid SSVP M8000 Docking System to passive SSVP G4000 9 The docking ring initially used for Soyuz MS 18 and Progress MS 17 docking on Nauka until detached by Progress MS 17 inflight for Prichal module arrived on ISS 10 This adapter is termed as SSPA GM It was made for the Nauka nadir and Prichal nadir ports of the International Space Station where Soyuz and Progress spacecraft had to dock to a port designated for modules Before removal of SSPA GM the docking ring is 80 cm 31 in in diameter that becomes 120 cm 47 in after removal See also Edit nbsp Spaceflight portalDocking and berthing of spacecraft International Docking System StandardReferences Edit a b c d e f g Docking systems Russian Space Web Retrieved 8 February 2016 Soyuz 10 Retrieved 8 February 2016 Soyuz TM 16 Retrieved 8 February 2016 N 50 2000 International Space Station docks successfully with Zvezda module European Space Agency Retrieved 8 February 2016 Automated Transfer Vehicle ATV Structural and Thermal Model Testing at ESTEC PDF European Space Agency Retrieved 8 February 2016 PTK spacecraft to feature improved docking port Russian Space Web Retrieved 8 February 2016 a b c John Cook Valery Aksamentov Thomas Hoffman Wes Bruner January 2011 ISS Interface Mechanisms and their Heritage PDF Boeing Retrieved 8 February 2016 Docking systems Novosti Progress MS 17 osvobodil mesto dlya novogo modulya www roscosmos ru Retrieved 2021 11 27 Novosti Novyj modul voshel v sostav rossijskogo segmenta MKS www roscosmos ru Retrieved 2021 11 27 External links Edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title SSVP docking system amp oldid 1134541479, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
