President of El Salvador

The president of El Salvador (Spanish: Presidente de El Salvador), officially known as the President of the Republic of El Salvador (Spanish: Presidente de la República de El Salvador), is the head of state and head of government of El Salvador. He is also, by Constitutional Law, the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of El Salvador. The office was created in the Constitution of 1841. From 1821 until 1841, the head of state of El Salvador was styled simply as Head of State (Jefe de Estado).

President of the Republic of El Salvador
Presidente de la República de El Salvador
Presidential Seal
Incumbent Nayib Bukele since 1 June 2019
Executive branch of the Government of El Salvador
Status	Head of State Head of Government
Residence	Casa Presidencial
Seat	San Salvador
Term length	Five years, renewable once^[1]
Constituting instrument	Constitution of El Salvador
Inaugural holder	Juan José Guzmán
Formation	22 February 1841
Deputy	Vice President of El Salvador
Salary	US$5,181 per month^[2]
Website	President of El Salvador

The President of the Republic of El Salvador begins their duties on 1 June of the year of their election and is accompanied by a vice president.

According to the Electoral Code, for a person to be declared President-Elect of the Republic, they must obtain 50% plus one of the votes obtained in the election in the presidential elections. If none of the candidates gets to obtain that result, a second voting round will be held where the two candidates who have obtained the most electoral votes in the first round will participate.

The duration of the presidential term is five years and the president is eligible for reelection once consecutively as of 2021.

Each 1 June, the president is accountable to the Legislative Assembly for the contributions and Government Development that the president, the vice president and the Council of Ministers developed from the beginning of the presidential term.

History

In 1824, the Mayor's Office of Sonsonate and the Intendancy of San Salvador joined to form the State of El Salvador, united first to the United Provinces of Central America and then to the Federal Republic of Central America. According to the federal law, the governor received the title of Supreme Chief until 1841, when El Salvador declared itself independent, with its governor being called President. From then on, four stages with particular characteristics are recognized: the post-federal period, the Coffee Republic, the military governments, and civil governments.

In 1841, El Salvador was constituted as an independent and sovereign nation after the rupture of the Federal Republic of Central America in 1838. At that time, the legislative body created a constitution to legitimize the nation of El Salvador and also named Juan Lindo Provisional President of the Republic of El Salvador on 2 February 1841. It was not until 26 September 1842 Juan José Guzmán was elected by the people as President of El Salvador. From that moment, the republic suffered a constant series of provisional governments that brought many leaders to power.

In 1858, Captain General Gerardo Barrios became President of the Republic in which his government gave entrance to the "French Bread". He resigned from power in 1863 and Francisco Dueñas became President.

It was not until the Constitution of the Republic of El Salvador of 1886 was ratified when the presidential term is increased from two to four years, beginning and ending the presidential terms on 1 March. In 1913, before the death of Manuel Enrique Araujo, a family 'dynasty' would begin. The Meléndez-Quiñonez Dynasty lasted 18 years until Arturo Araujo became President.

In 1931, a coup d'état led by Vice President General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez overthrew President Araujo. This dictatorial government would establish the foundations of a rigid and totally militarized nation. It was not until 1939 when General Martínez called for a Constituent Assembly to draft a new constitution which established that the presidential term would be increased from 4 to 6 years and would begin and end on 1 January. During his presidency, Martínez initiated the 1932 Salvadoran Peasant Massacre which killed 25,000 indigenous peoples. Martínez would be overthrown 12 years later in 1944 and General Andrés Ignacio Menéndez became Provisional President.

From that moment, the presidency of the Republic once again showed dictatorial instability and military governments began to be established to the point of creating a republic with 'Military Authoritarianism' which would end in 1982. In 1950, Lieutenant Colonel Óscar Osorio constitutionally became the president of the Republic and a new constitution was drafted where the presidential term would be 6 years and begin and end on 14 September. Osorio was known as the president of the social programs since he implemented and founded programs such as the Urban Housing Institute (IVU), the Autonomous Port Executive Commission (CEPA) among others that benefited the nation.

In 1960, a coup d'état overthrew President José María Lemus which led to the formation of a Junta of Government which would later be overthrown by the Civic-Military Directory in 1961. This was the case until the constitutional order was reestablished and another constitution was created in 1962 which would bring with it significant presidential reforms. From that moment, the presidential term would last 5 years and begin and end on 1 July.

On 15 October 1979, the last coup d'état in Salvadoran history took place where a group of young soldiers and officers overthrew General Carlos Humberto Romero. The coup marked the beginning of the Salvadoran Civil War which would rage on from 1979 to 1992. The Revolutionary Government Junta was established and ruled over El Salvador while fighting against the communist guerrilla group Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN). The Junta was abolished in 1982 and Álvaro Magaña became President of the Republic. The 1983 Constituent Assembly decided to create the current Constitution of El Salvador which set presidential terms to 5 years and would begin and end on June 1. The civil war greatly affected the political stability of the country.

President José Napoleón Duarte would lead the government against the FMLN from 1984 to 1989. In 1989, the Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA) won the 1989 presidential election. Alfredo Cristiani became the first president of ARENA. ARENA won the presidential elections in 1989, 1994, 1999, and 2004. Its presidents were Alfredo Cristiani, Armando Calderón Sol, Francisco Flores, and Elías Antonio Saca.

The Civil War ended in 1992 and the FMLN became a legal political party in accordance to the Chapultepec Peace Accords.

In 20 years of government, El Salvador was characterized by the privatization of national services such as coffee, telecommunications, the pension system, the National Bank, the Electric Power Service, among others. In 2001, the Economic Dollarization System was carried out in the country, a measure adopted by then President Francisco Flores which would have great long-term consequences for the Salvadoran economy and adopted the US dollar as legal currency.

Mauricio Funes won the 2009 presidential election ending 20 years of ARENA rule and marked the first FMLN presidency. Salvador Sánchez Cerén became the second FMLN president in 2015 after narrowly defeating Norman Quijano.

In 2019, Nayib Bukele, from the Grand Alliance for National Unity (GANA), won the 2019 presidential election ending 10 years of FMLN rule. He was the first president since Duarte to not be a member of either ARENA or FMLN. He was the second president from Palestinian descent, after Elías Antonio Saca. He was inaugurated on 1 June 2019.

Heads of state of El Salvador within the Federal Republic of Central America (1821–1841)

Intendants political leaders of the Province of San Salvador

Political parties

  Liberal
  Military
  Independent

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office			Political affiliation	Ref.
			Took office	Left office	Time in office
1		Doctor Pedro Barriere (?–1827)	21 September 1821	28 November 1821	68 days	Independent	^[3]
2		Presbyter and Doctor José Matías Delgado (1767–1832)	28 November 1821	9 February 1823	1 year, 73 days	Independent	^[4]
3		Brigadier Vicente Filísola (1789–1850)	9 February 1823	7 May 1823	87 days	Military	^[5]
4		General Felipe Codallos (1790–1849)	7 May 1823	25 May 1823	18 days	Military	^[6]
—		Consultive Junta	25 May 1823	17 June 1823	23 days	Consultive Junta	^[7]
–		Mariano Prado (1776–1837) Provisional Chief	17 June 1823	22 April 1824	310 days	Liberal	^[8]

Heads of state of El Salvador

Political parties

  Conservative
  Liberal
  Independent

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Elected	Term of office			Political affiliation	Ref.
				Took office	Left office	Time in office
1		Juan Manuel Rodríguez (1771–1847)	—	22 April 1824	1 October 1824	162 days	Independent	^[9]
2		Mariano Prado (1776–1837)	—	1 October 1824	13 December 1824	73 days	Liberal	^[8]
3		Juan Vicente Villacorta Díaz (1764–1828)	—	13 December 1824	1 November 1826	1 year, 323 days	Liberal	^[10]
4		Mariano Prado (1776–1837) Acting Head of State	—	1 November 1826	30 January 1829	2 years, 90 days	Liberal	^[8]
5		José María Cornejo (1788–1864)	1829	30 January 1829	16 February 1830	1 year, 17 days	Conservative	^[11]
6		Licentiate José Damián Villacorta (1796–1860)	—	16 February 1830	4 December 1830	291 days	Independent	^[12]
7		José María Cornejo (1788–1864)	—	4 December 1830	3 April 1832	1 year, 121 days	Conservative	^[11]
—		General Francisco Morazán (1792–1842) Provisional Head of State	—	3 April 1832	13 May 1832	40 days	Liberal	^[13]
8		Colonel Joaquín de San Martín (1770–1854)	—	13 May 1832	25 July 1832	73 days	Conservative	^[14]
9		Mariano Prado (1776–1837)	—	25 July 1832	1 July 1833	341 days	Liberal	^[8]
10		Colonel Joaquín de San Martín (1770–1854)	1833	1 July 1833	23 June 1834	357 days	Conservative	^[14]
—		General Carlos Salazar Castro (1800–1867) Provisional Head of State	—	23 June 1834	13 July 1834	20 days	Independent	^[15]
—		José Gregorio Salazar (1773–1838) Provisional Head of State	—	13 July 1834	30 September 1834	79 days	Independent	^[16]
–		Joaquín Escolán y Balibrera (?–?) Provisional Head of State	—	30 September 1834	13 October 1834	13 days	Independent	^[17]
11		Licentiate José María Silva (1804–1876)	—	13 October 1834	2 March 1835	140 days	Independent	^[18]
12		Joaquín Escolán y Balibrera (?–?)	—	2 March 1835	10 April 1835	39 days	Independent	^[17]
13		Licentiate and General Nicolás Espinoza (1795–1845)	—	10 April 1835	15 November 1835	219 days	Liberal	^[19]
14		Colonel and Licentiate Francisco Gómez (1796–1838)	—	15 November 1835	1 February 1836	78 days	Independent	^[20]
15		Diego Vigil Cocaña (1799–1845)	—	1 February 1836	23 May 1837	1 year, 111 days	Liberal	^[21]
16		Timoteo Menéndez (?–?)	—	23 May 1837	7 June 1837	15 days	Independent	^[22]
17		Diego Vigil Cocaña (1799–1845)	—	7 June 1837	6 January 1838	213 days	Liberal	^[21]
18		Timoteo Menéndez (?–?)	—	6 January 1838	23 May 1838	137 days	Independent	^[22]
—		Colonel Antonio José Cañas (1785–1844) Acting Head of State	—	23 May 1838	11 July 1839	1 year, 49 days	Independent
19		General Francisco Morazán (1792–1842)	—	11 July 1839	16 February 1840	220 days	Liberal	^[13]
—		Licentiate José María Silva (1804–1876) Acting Head of State	—	16 February 1840	5 April 1840	49 days	Independent	^[18]
—		Municipal Council of San Salvador	—	5 April 1840	15 April 1840	10 days	Municipal Council of San Salvador
—		Colonel Antonio José Cañas (1785–1844) Provisional Head of State	—	15 April 1840	20 September 1840	158 days	Independent
—		Licentiate Norberto Ramírez (1802–1856) Provisional Head of State	—	20 September 1840	7 January 1841	109 days	Independent	^[23]
—		Licentiate Juan Lindo (1790–1857) Provisional Head of State	—	7 January 1841	22 February 1841	46 days	Conservative	^[24]

Presidents of El Salvador (1841–present)

Early republic (1841–1885)

Political parties

  Conservative
  Liberal
  Independent

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Elected	Term of office			Political Affiliation	Ref.
				Took office	Left office	Time in office
—		Licentiate Juan Lindo (1790–1857) Provisional President	—	22 February 1841	20 June 1841	118 days	Conservative	^[24]
—		Pedro José Arce [es] (1801–1871) Provisional President	—	20 June 1841	28 June 1841	8 days	Independent
—		Licentiate Juan Lindo (1790–1857) Provisional President	—	28 June 1841	1 February 1842	218 days	Conservative	^[24]
—		General José Escolástico Marín (?–1846) Acting President	—	1 February 1842	12 April 1842	70 days	Independent	^[25]
1		General and Licentiate Juan José Guzmán (1800–1847)	—	12 April 1842	30 June 1842	149 days	Conservative
—		Dionisio Villacorta [es] (?–1846) Acting President	—	30 June 1842	19 July 1842	19 days	Independent	^[26]
—		General José Escolástico Marín (?–1846) Acting President	—	19 July 1842	26 September 1842	69 days	Independent	^[25]
1		General and Licentiate Juan José Guzmán (1800–1847)	—	26 September 1842	10 December 1843	1 year, 75 days	Conservative
—		Cayetano Molina [es] (1803–1873) Provisional President	—	10 December 1843	20 December 1843	10 days	Independent
—		Pedro José Arce [es] (1801–1871) Provisional President	—	20 December 1843	29 December 1843	9 days	Independent
—		Cayetano Molina [es] (1803–1873) Provisional President	—	29 December 1843	1 January 1844	3 days	Independent
—		Pedro José Arce [es] (1801–1871) Provisional President	—	1 January 1844	1 February 1844	31 days	Independent
—		General Fermín Palacios (?–?) Acting President	—	1 February 1844	7 February 1844	6 days	Independent	^[27]
2		General Francisco Malespín (1806–1846)	1844	7 February 1844	16 February 1845	1 year, 8 days	Conservative	^[28]
—		General Fermín Palacios (?–?) Acting President	—	16 February 1845	25 April 1845	68 days	Independent	^[27]
3		General Joaquín Eufrasio Guzmán (1801–1875)	—	25 April 1845	1 February 1846	282 days	Conservative	^[29]
—		General Fermín Palacios (?–?) Acting President	—	1 February 1846	21 February 1846	20 days	Independent	^[27]
4		Doctor Eugenio Aguilar (1804–1879)	1846	21 February 1846	12 July 1846	141 days	Liberal	^[30]
—		General Fermín Palacios (?–?) Acting President	—	12 July 1846	21 July 1846	9 days	Independent	^[27]
4		Doctor Eugenio Aguilar (1804–1879)	—	12 July 1846	1 February 1848	1 year, 204 days	Liberal	^[30]
—		Tomás Medina (1803–1884) Acting President	—	1 February 1848	3 February 1848	2 days	Independent	^[31]
—		José Félix Quirós (1811–1883) Acting President	—	3 February 1848	7 February 1848	4 days	Independent
5		Doroteo Vasconcelos (1803–1883)	1848	7 February 1848	26 January 1850	1 year, 353 days	Liberal	^[32]
—		Ramón Rodríguez (?–?) Acting President	—	26 January 1850	1 February 1850	6 days	Independent	^[33]
5		Doroteo Vasconcelos (1803–1883)	1850	1 February 1850	12 January 1851	345 days	Liberal	^[32]
–		Licentiate Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884) Provisional President	—	12 January 1851	1 March 1851	48 days	Conservative	^[34]
—		José Félix Quirós (1811–1883) Provisional President	—	1 March 1851	3 May 1851	63 days	Independent
6		Licentiate Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884)	—	3 May 1851	30 January 1852	335 days	Conservative	^[34]
—		Colonel José María San Martín (1811–1857) Provisional President	—	30 January 1852	1 February 1852	2 days	Conservative	^[35]
6		Licentiate Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884)	1852	1 February 1852	1 February 1854	2 years, 0 days	Conservative	^[34]
—		Vicente Gómez (?–?) Acting President	—	1 February 1854	15 February 1854	14 days	Independent	^[36]
7		Colonel José María San Martín (1811–1857)	1854	15 February 1854	1 February 1856	1 year, 351 days	Conservative	^[14]
—		Licentiate Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884) Acting President	—	1 February 1856	12 February 1856	11 days	Conservative	^[34]
8		Rafael Campo (1813–1890)	1856	12 February 1856	12 May 1856	90 days	Conservative	^[37]
—		Licentiate Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884) Acting President	—	12 May 1856	19 July 1856	158 days	Conservative	^[34]
8		Rafael Campo (1813–1890)	—	19 July 1856	1 February 1858	1 year, 197 days	Conservative	^[37]
—		Lorenzo Zepeda (?–?) Acting President	—	1 February 1858	7 February 1858	6 days	Independent	^[38]
9		General Miguel Santín del Castillo (1830–1880)	1858	7 February 1858	24 June 1858	137 days	Conservative	^[39]
—		Captain General Gerardo Barrios (1813–1865) Acting President	—	24 June 1858	18 September 1858	86 days	Liberal	^[40]
9		General Miguel Santín del Castillo (1830–1880)	1858	18 September 1858	19 January 1859	123 days	Conservative	^[39]
–		General Joaquín Eufrasio Guzmán (1801–1875) Acting President	—	19 January 1859	15 February 1859	27 days	Conservative	^[29]
–		José María Peralta (1807–1883) Acting President	—	15 February 1859	12 March 1859	25 days	Independent	^[41]
–		Captain General Gerardo Barrios (1813–1865) Acting President	—	12 March 1859	1 February 1860	326 days	Liberal	^[40]
10		Captain General Gerardo Barrios (1813–1865)	1859	1 February 1860	16 December 1860	319 days	Liberal	^[40]
–		José María Peralta (1807–1883) Acting President	—	16 December 1860	7 February 1861	53 days	Independent	^[41]
10		Captain General Gerardo Barrios (1813–1865)	—	7 February 1861	26 October 1863	2 years, 261 days	Liberal	^[40]
—		Licentiate Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884) Provisional President	—	26 October 1863	1 February 1865	1 year, 98 days	Conservative	^[34]
11		Licentiate Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884)	1864 1869	1 February 1865	12 April 1871	6 years, 70 days	Conservative	^[34]
–		Marshal Santiago González Portillo (1818–1887) Provisional President	—	12 April 1871	1 February 1872	295 days	Liberal	^[42]
12		Marshal Santiago González Portillo (1818–1887)	1872	1 February 1872	10 May 1872	4 years, 0 days	Liberal	^[42]
–		Licentiate Manuel Méndez (?–1872) Acting President	—	10 May 1872	16 June 1872	37 days	Independent	^[43]
12		Marshal Santiago González Portillo (1818–1887)	–	16 June 1872	1 February 1876	3 years, 230 days	Liberal	^[42]
13		Andrés del Valle (1833–1888)	1876	1 February 1876	1 May 1876	90 days	Liberal	^[44]
–		Doctor Rafael Zaldívar (1834–1903) Provisional President	–	1 May 1876	1 February 1880	3 years, 276 days	Liberal	^[45]
14		Doctor Rafael Zaldívar (1834–1903)	1876	1 February 1880	6 April 1884	4 years, 65 days	Liberal	^[45]
—		Ángel Guirola (1826–1910) Provisional President	—	6 April 1884	21 August 1884	137 days	Independent	^[46]
14		Doctor Rafael Zaldívar (1834–1903)	—	21 August 1884	14 May 1885	266 days	Liberal	^[45]

First military dictatorship (1885–1911)

Political parties

  Conservative
  Liberal
  Independent

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Elected	Term of office			Political Affiliation	Ref.
				Took office	Left office	Time in office
–		General Fernando Figueroa (1849–1919) Provisional President	—	14 May 1885	18 June 1885	35 days	Military/Liberal	^[47]
—		José Rosales Herrador (1827–1891) Provisional President	—	18 June 1885	22 June 1885	137 days	Independent	^[48]
–		General Francisco Menéndez (1830–1890) Provisional President	—	22 June 1885	1 March 1887	1 year, 252 days	Military/Liberal	^[49]
15		General Francisco Menéndez (1830–1890)	1887	1 March 1887	22 June 1890	3 years, 113 days	Military/Liberal	^[49]
–		General Carlos Ezeta (1852–1903) Provisional President	—	22 June 1890	1 March 1891	252 days	Military/Liberal	^[50]
16		General Carlos Ezeta (1852–1903)	1891	1 March 1891	10 June 1894	3 years, 101 days	Military/Liberal	^[50]
–		General Antonio Ezeta (?–?) Acting President	—	4 June 1894	10 June 1894	6 days	Military/Liberal	^[51]
–		General Rafael Antonio Gutiérrez (1845–1921) Provisional President	—	10 June 1894	1 March 1895	264 days	Military/Liberal	^[52]
17		General Rafael Antonio Gutiérrez (1845–1921)	1895	1 March 1895	14 November 1898	3 years, 258 days	Military/Liberal	^[52]
–		General Tomás Regalado Romero (1861–1906) Provisional President	—	14 November 1898	1 March 1899	107 days	Military/Liberal	^[53]
18		General Tomás Regalado Romero (1861–1906)	1899	1 March 1899	1 March 1903	4 years, 0 days	Military/Liberal	^[53]
19		General Pedro José Escalón (1847–1923)	1903	1 March 1903	1 March 1907	4 years, 0 days	Military/Conservative	^[54]
20		General Fernando Figueroa (1849–1919)	1907	1 March 1907	1 March 1911	4 years, 0 days	Military/Liberal	^[47]

Meléndez–Quiñónez dynasty (1911–1931)

Political parties

  Labor Party
  National Democratic Party
  Independent

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Elected	Term of office			Political Affiliation	Ref.
				Took office	Left office	Time in office
21		Doctor Manuel Enrique Araujo (1865–1913)	1911	1 March 1911	9 February 1913	1 year, 345 days	Independent	^[55]
–		Carlos Meléndez Ramírez (1861–1919) Provisional President	—	9 February 1913	29 August 1914	1 year, 201 days	National Democratic Party	^[56]
–		Doctor Alfonso Quiñónez Molina (1874–1950) Provisional President	—	29 August 1914	1 March 1915	184 days	National Democratic Party	^[57]
22		Carlos Meléndez Ramírez (1861–1919)	1915	1 March 1915	21 December 1918	3 years, 295 days	National Democratic Party	^[56]
–		Doctor Alfonso Quiñónez Molina (1874–1950) Provisional President	—	21 December 1918	1 March 1919	184 days	National Democratic Party	^[57]
23		Jorge Meléndez Ramírez (1871–1953)	1919	1 March 1919	1 March 1923	4 years	National Democratic Party	^[58]
24		Doctor Alfonso Quiñónez Molina (1874–1950)	1923	1 March 1923	1 March 1927	4 years	National Democratic Party	^[57]
25		Doctor Pío Romero Bosque (1860–1935)	1927	1 March 1927	1 March 1931	4 years	National Democratic Party	^[59]
26		Engineer Arturo Araujo (1878–1967)	1931	1 March 1931	2 December 1931	276 days	Labor Party	^[60]

Second military dictatorship (1931–1979)

Further information: Military dictatorship in El Salvador

Political parties

  National Conciliation Party
  National Pro Patria Party
  Revolutionary Party of Democratic Unification
  Unification Social Democratic Party
  Military
  Independent

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Elected	Term of office			Political Affiliation	Ref.
				Took office	Left office	Time in office
–		Civic Directory	—	2 December 1931	4 December 1931	2 days	Civic Directory	^[61]
–		Brigadier General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (1882–1966) Acting President	—	4 December 1931	28 August 1934	2 years, 267 days	Military/National Pro Patria Party	^[62]
–		Brigadier General Andrés Ignacio Menéndez (1879–1962) Provisional President	—	28 August 1934	1 March 1935	185 days	Military/National Pro Patria Party	^[63]
27		Brigadier General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (1882–1966)	1935 1939 1944	1 March 1935	9 May 1944	9 years, 69 days	Military/National Pro Patria Party	^[62]
–		Brigadier General Andrés Ignacio Menéndez (1879–1962) Provisional President	—	9 May 1944	21 October 1944	165 days	Military/National Pro Patria Party	^[63]
–		Colonel Osmín Aguirre y Salinas (1889–1977) Provisional President	—	21 October 1944	1 March 1945	131 days	Military	^[64]
28		General Salvador Castaneda Castro (1888–1965)	1945	1 March 1945	14 December 1948	3 years, 288 days	Military/Unification Social Democratic Party	^[65]
–		Revolutionary Council of Government [es]	—	14 December 1948	14 September 1950	1 year, 274 days	Revolutionary Council of Government	^[66]
29		Lieutenant Colonel Óscar Osorio (1910–1969)	1950	14 September 1950	14 September 1956	6 years, 0 days	Military/Revolutionary Party of Democratic Unification	^[67]
30		Lieutenant Colonel José María Lemus (1911–1993)	1956	14 September 1956	26 October 1960	4 years, 42 days	Military/Revolutionary Party of Democratic Unification	^[68]
–		Junta of Government	—	26 October 1960	25 January 1961	91 days	Junta of Government
–		Civic-Military Directory	—	25 January 1961	25 January 1962	1 year, 0 days	Civic-Military Directory
–		Doctor Eusebio Rodolfo Cordón Cea (1899–1966) Provisional President	—	25 January 1962	1 July 1962	157 days	Independent	^[69]
31		Lieutenant Colonel Julio Adalberto Rivera Carballo (1921–1973)	1962	1 July 1962	1 July 1967	5 years	Military/National Conciliation Party	^[70]
32		General Fidel Sánchez Hernández (1917–2003)	1967	1 July 1967	1 July 1972	5 years	Military/National Conciliation Party	^[71]
33		Colonel Arturo Armando Molina (1927–2021)	1972	1 July 1972	1 July 1977	5 years	Military/National Conciliation Party	^[72]
34		General Carlos Humberto Romero (1924–2017)	1977	1 July 1977	15 October 1979	2 years, 106 days	Military/National Conciliation Party	^[73]

Modern republic (1979–present)

Political parties

  Christian Democratic Party
  Democratic Action Party
  Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front
  Nationalist Republican Alliance
  Nuevas Ideas
  Military

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Elected	Term of office			Political Affiliation	Ref.
				Took office	Left office	Time in office
–		First Revolutionary Government Junta	—	15 October 1979	9 January 1980	86 days	First Revolutionary Government Junta	^[74]
–		Second Revolutionary Government Junta	—	9 January 1980	13 December 1980	339 days	Second Revolutionary Government Junta	^[75]
–		Third Revolutionary Government Junta	—	13 December 1980	2 May 1982	1 year, 140 days	Third Revolutionary Government Junta	^[76]
35		Doctor Álvaro Magaña (1925–2001)	1982	2 May 1982	1 June 1984	2 years, 30 days	Democratic Action Party	^[77]
36		Engineer José Napoleón Duarte (1925–1990)	1984	1 June 1984	1 June 1989	5 years	Christian Democratic Party	^[78]
37		Licentiate Alfredo Cristiani (born 1947)	1989	1 June 1989	1 June 1994	5 years	Nationalist Republican Alliance	^[79]
38		Doctor Armando Calderón Sol (1949–2017)	1994	1 June 1994	1 June 1999	5 years	Nationalist Republican Alliance	^[80]
39		Licentiate Francisco Flores Pérez (1959–2016)	1999	1 June 1999	1 June 2004	5 years	Nationalist Republican Alliance	^[81]
40		Antonio Saca (born 1965)	2004	1 June 2004	1 June 2009	5 years	Nationalist Republican Alliance	^[82]
41		Mauricio Funes (born 1959)	2009	1 June 2009	1 June 2014	5 years	Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front
42		Salvador Sánchez Cerén (born 1944)	2014	1 June 2014	1 June 2019	5 years	Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front
43		Nayib Bukele (born 1981)	2019	1 June 2019	Incumbent (Term ends on 1 June 2024)	3 years, 345 days	Nuevas Ideas

Latest election

Main article: 2019 Salvadoran presidential election

Candidate		Running mate	Party	Votes	%
	Nayib Bukele	Félix Ulloa	Grand Alliance for National Unity	1,434,856	53.10
	Carlos Calleja	Carmen Aída Lazo	Nationalist Republican Alliance	857,084	31.72
	Hugo Martínez	Karina Sosa	Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front	389,289	14.41
	Josué Alvarado	Roberto Rivera	Vamos	20,763	0.77
Total				2,701,992	100.00
Valid votes				2,701,992	98.86
Invalid/blank votes				31,186	1.14
Total votes				2,733,178	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				5,268,411	51.88
Source: TSE

See also

• El Salvador
• Colonial Intendant of San Salvador
• History of El Salvador

References

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External links

• (in Spanish)