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President's House (Ninth Street)

January 20, 2023

The President's House was a mansion built from 1792 to 1797 by the Government of Pennsylvania and located on Ninth Street, between Market and Chestnut Streets, in Philadelphia, then the temporary national capital. Intended to persuade the federal government to permanently stay in the city, this house intended for the president of the United States never housed any president.[1] In 1800, the property was purchased at public auction by the University of Pennsylvania for use as a new, expanded campus. The university demolished the building in 1829 and replaced it with two new buildings.[2]

President's House
The House intended for the President of the United States, in Ninth Street Philadelphia,
by W. Birch & Son (1799)
General information
StatusDemolished
Architectural styleFederal
LocationNinth Street, between Market Street and Chestnut Street
Town or cityPhiladelphia
Coordinates39°57′03″N 75°09′20″W / 39.95083°N 75.15556°W / 39.95083; -75.15556Coordinates: 39°57′03″N 75°09′20″W / 39.95083°N 75.15556°W / 39.95083; -75.15556
Construction startedMay 10, 1792 (1792-05-10) Cornerstone
Completed1797
Demolished1829 (1829)
Design and construction
Architect(s)William Williams
Renovating team
Architect(s)Benjamin Henry Latrobe

Background

After the constitution was ratified, the national capital of the United States was in New York City.[3] On July 16, 1790, Congress passed the Residence Act (1 Stat. 130), which designated Philadelphia the temporary capital for a 10-year period while the permanent capital at Washington, D.C., was constructed. The recently built Congress Hall was used from December 6, 1790, to May 14, 1800.[3] The president of the United States, first George Washington and then John Adams, resided at the house leased from financier Robert Morris, also known as the President's House, on Market Street, between Fifth and Sixth Streets.[4]

History

In September 1791, the state government enacted the "Federal Building Bill" to pay for the renovations needed for the federal government office space and for the construction of a new executive mansion. Twelve lots were purchased on the west side of Ninth Street, between Market Street, then named High Street, and Chestnut Street. The property measured 202 by 151 feet (62 m × 46 m).[5] The cornerstone, inscribed "House to accommodate the President of the United States", was laid on May 10, 1792, in a ceremony attended by Governor Thomas Mifflin.[6] The mansion was completed in the spring of 1797 and cost more than $110,000.[7] On March 3, 1797, Governor Mifflin offered the nearly completed mansion to John Adams on the eve of his inauguration. However, Adams rejected the offer on constitutional grounds: "as I entertain great doubts whether, by a candid construction of the Constitution of the United States, I am at liberty to accept it without the intention and authority of Congress". Thus neither Washington, no longer president when the mansion was ready, nor Adams, would reside in the President's House.[8]

On July 15, 1800, the University of Pennsylvania bought the property, the mansion, and twelve lots, at public auction for $41,650.[2] Classes started at this new campus in the spring of 1802.[9] This Ninth Street campus was the university's second one.[10] The property was renovated for the university by architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe.[11] The Philomathean Society was organized in 1813 and had a room in the President's House.[12] The mansion was demolished in 1829 to make room for two new university buildings, designed by architect William Strickland.[2]

Description

In 1790, Governor Mifflin had originally asked Pierre Charles L'Enfant, who was planning the new federal city, Washington, D.C., for a design.[13] The house was eventually designed and built by master builder William Williams (1749–1794).[14] The resulting three-story house was built of brick trimmed with marble and featured a facade in the neoclassical style of British architect Robert Adam.[15] It had a hip roof with a central glass dome and cupola, topped by an eagle sculpture.[16]

Artistic depictions

In 1799, W. Birch & Son, artists William Birch and his son Thomas Birch, created the print entitled The House intended for the President of the United States, in Ninth Street Philadelphia, which depicted the house. It was plate 13 in Birch's Views of Philadelphia, published in 1800.[17] In 1940, the Presidential Mansion was illustrated on commemorative Wedgwood china cups for the bicentennial of the University of Pennsylvania.[18]

See also

References

  1. ^ Kurjack (1953), p. 380.
  2. ^ a b c Kurjack (1953), p. 394.
  3. ^ a b Fortenbaugh, Robert (1948). "The Nine Capitals of the United States".
  4. ^ Lawler (2002), pp. 5–7.
  5. ^ Kurjack (1953), p. 384.
  6. ^ Kurjack (1953), p. 387.
  7. ^ Kurjack (1953), p. 389.
  8. ^ Kurjack (1953), p. 393. "The President's House was never to house a President ...".
  9. ^ Wood, George Bacon (1834). "Chapter XI: Removal of the School. – New University Edifice in Ninth Street." . The History of the University of Pennsylvania, from Its Origin to the Year 1827 . McCarty and Davis. LCCN 07007833. OCLC 760190902.
  10. ^ "Penn's Second Campus, 1801–1829". University Archives. University of Pennsylvania. The University occupied the "President's House" at Ninth and Market Streets, Philadelphia, from 1801 until 1829.
  11. ^ Phillips-Schrock, Patrick (2015). "The House Intended; Ninth and Market Streets, Philadelphia". The White House: An Illustrated Architectural History. pp. 15–17. ISBN 978-0-7864-7152-2.
  12. ^ Hood, Clifton R. (January 2006). "Philomathean Society: A Brief History". University Archives. University of Pennsylvania. a room assigned to them in what was then the University's one campus building, known as the "President's House."
  13. ^ Stillman (2005), p. 419.
  14. ^ "William Williams". University Archives. University of Pennsylvania. Designer and builder of the President's House, used as the second campus of the University of Pennsylvania
  15. ^ Kurjack (1953), p. 386.
  16. ^ Kurjack (1953), p. 390.
  17. ^ "The House Intended for the President of the United States, in Ninth Street Philadelphia". Library Company of Philadelphia.
  18. ^ "Bicentennial Wedgwood China Cups and Saucers, 1940. Presidential Mansion, Ninth Street campus". University Archives. University of Pennsylvania.

Bibliography

  • Kurjack, Dennis C. (October 1953). "The "President's House" in Philadelphia". Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies. Pennsylvania Historical Association. 20 (4): 380–394. JSTOR 27769454. The full story of the "President's House" that never housed a President
  • Lawler, Edward (2002). "The President's House in Philadelphia: The Rediscovery of a Lost Landmark". The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. University of Pennsylvania Press. 126 (1): 5–95. JSTOR 20093505. For more than 150 years there has been confusion about the President's House in Philadelphia
  • Stillman, Damie (October 2005). "Six Houses for the President". Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. University of Pennsylvania Press. 129 (4): 411–431. JSTOR 20093818.

External links

  •   Media related to President's House (Ninth Street) at Wikimedia Commons

January 20, 2023
president, house, ninth, street, president, house, mansion, built, from, 1792, 1797, government, pennsylvania, located, ninth, street, between, market, chestnut, streets, philadelphia, then, temporary, national, capital, intended, persuade, federal, government. The President s House was a mansion built from 1792 to 1797 by the Government of Pennsylvania and located on Ninth Street between Market and Chestnut Streets in Philadelphia then the temporary national capital Intended to persuade the federal government to permanently stay in the city this house intended for the president of the United States never housed any president 1 In 1800 the property was purchased at public auction by the University of Pennsylvania for use as a new expanded campus The university demolished the building in 1829 and replaced it with two new buildings 2 President s HouseThe House intended for the President of the United States in Ninth Street Philadelphia by W Birch amp Son 1799 General informationStatusDemolishedArchitectural styleFederalLocationNinth Street between Market Street and Chestnut StreetTown or cityPhiladelphiaCoordinates39 57 03 N 75 09 20 W 39 95083 N 75 15556 W 39 95083 75 15556 Coordinates 39 57 03 N 75 09 20 W 39 95083 N 75 15556 W 39 95083 75 15556Construction startedMay 10 1792 1792 05 10 CornerstoneCompleted1797Demolished1829 1829 Design and constructionArchitect s William WilliamsRenovating teamArchitect s Benjamin Henry Latrobe Contents 1 Background 2 History 3 Description 4 Artistic depictions 5 See also 6 References 7 Bibliography 8 External linksBackground EditAfter the constitution was ratified the national capital of the United States was in New York City 3 On July 16 1790 Congress passed the Residence Act 1 Stat 130 which designated Philadelphia the temporary capital for a 10 year period while the permanent capital at Washington D C was constructed The recently built Congress Hall was used from December 6 1790 to May 14 1800 3 The president of the United States first George Washington and then John Adams resided at the house leased from financier Robert Morris also known as the President s House on Market Street between Fifth and Sixth Streets 4 History EditIn September 1791 the state government enacted the Federal Building Bill to pay for the renovations needed for the federal government office space and for the construction of a new executive mansion Twelve lots were purchased on the west side of Ninth Street between Market Street then named High Street and Chestnut Street The property measured 202 by 151 feet 62 m 46 m 5 The cornerstone inscribed House to accommodate the President of the United States was laid on May 10 1792 in a ceremony attended by Governor Thomas Mifflin 6 The mansion was completed in the spring of 1797 and cost more than 110 000 7 On March 3 1797 Governor Mifflin offered the nearly completed mansion to John Adams on the eve of his inauguration However Adams rejected the offer on constitutional grounds as I entertain great doubts whether by a candid construction of the Constitution of the United States I am at liberty to accept it without the intention and authority of Congress Thus neither Washington no longer president when the mansion was ready nor Adams would reside in the President s House 8 On July 15 1800 the University of Pennsylvania bought the property the mansion and twelve lots at public auction for 41 650 2 Classes started at this new campus in the spring of 1802 9 This Ninth Street campus was the university s second one 10 The property was renovated for the university by architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe 11 The Philomathean Society was organized in 1813 and had a room in the President s House 12 The mansion was demolished in 1829 to make room for two new university buildings designed by architect William Strickland 2 Description EditIn 1790 Governor Mifflin had originally asked Pierre Charles L Enfant who was planning the new federal city Washington D C for a design 13 The house was eventually designed and built by master builder William Williams 1749 1794 14 The resulting three story house was built of brick trimmed with marble and featured a facade in the neoclassical style of British architect Robert Adam 15 It had a hip roof with a central glass dome and cupola topped by an eagle sculpture 16 Artistic depictions EditIn 1799 W Birch amp Son artists William Birch and his son Thomas Birch created the print entitled The House intended for the President of the United States in Ninth Street Philadelphia which depicted the house It was plate 13 in Birch s Views of Philadelphia published in 1800 17 In 1940 the Presidential Mansion was illustrated on commemorative Wedgwood china cups for the bicentennial of the University of Pennsylvania 18 See also EditSamuel Osgood House First presidential mansion used 1789 1790 Alexander Macomb House Second 1790 Government House New York City House intended for the President built 1790 President s House Philadelphia Third 1790 1800 White House Fourth and current since 1800References Edit Kurjack 1953 p 380 a b c Kurjack 1953 p 394 a b Fortenbaugh Robert 1948 The Nine Capitals of the United States Lawler 2002 pp 5 7 Kurjack 1953 p 384 Kurjack 1953 p 387 Kurjack 1953 p 389 Kurjack 1953 p 393 The President s House was never to house a President Wood George Bacon 1834 Chapter XI Removal of the School New University Edifice in Ninth Street The History of the University of Pennsylvania from Its Origin to the Year 1827 McCarty and Davis LCCN 07007833 OCLC 760190902 Penn s Second Campus 1801 1829 University Archives University of Pennsylvania The University occupied the President s House at Ninth and Market Streets Philadelphia from 1801 until 1829 Phillips Schrock Patrick 2015 The House Intended Ninth and Market Streets Philadelphia The White House An Illustrated Architectural History pp 15 17 ISBN 978 0 7864 7152 2 Hood Clifton R January 2006 Philomathean Society A Brief History University Archives University of Pennsylvania a room assigned to them in what was then the University s one campus building known as the President s House Stillman 2005 p 419 William Williams University Archives University of Pennsylvania Designer and builder of the President s House used as the second campus of the University of Pennsylvania Kurjack 1953 p 386 Kurjack 1953 p 390 The House Intended for the President of the United States in Ninth Street Philadelphia Library Company of Philadelphia Bicentennial Wedgwood China Cups and Saucers 1940 Presidential Mansion Ninth Street campus University Archives University of Pennsylvania Bibliography EditKurjack Dennis C October 1953 The President s House in Philadelphia Pennsylvania History A Journal of Mid Atlantic Studies Pennsylvania Historical Association 20 4 380 394 JSTOR 27769454 The full story of the President s House that never housed a President Lawler Edward 2002 The President s House in Philadelphia The Rediscovery of a Lost Landmark The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography University of Pennsylvania Press 126 1 5 95 JSTOR 20093505 For more than 150 years there has been confusion about the President s House in Philadelphia Stillman Damie October 2005 Six Houses for the President Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography University of Pennsylvania Press 129 4 411 431 JSTOR 20093818 External links Edit Media related to President s House Ninth Street at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title President 27s House Ninth Street amp oldid 1074364836, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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