A power shovel (also stripping shovel or front shovel or electric mining shovel or electric rope shovel[2]) is a bucket-equipped machine, usually electrically powered, used for digging and loading earth or fragmented rock and for mineral extraction.[3] Power shovels are a type of rope/cable excavator, where the digging arm is controlled and powered by winches and steel ropes, rather than hydraulics like in the more common hydraulic excavators. Basic parts of a power shovel include the track system, cabin, cables, rack, stick, boom foot-pin, saddle block, boom, boom point sheaves and bucket. The size of bucket varies from 0.73 to 53 cubic meters.
Power shovels normally consist of a revolving deck with a power plant, drive and control mechanisms, usually a counterweight, and a front attachment, such as a crane ("boom") which supports a handle ("dipper" or "dipper stick") with a digger ("bucket") at the end. The term "dipper" is also sometimes used to refer to the handle and digger combined. The machinery is mounted on a base platform with tracks or wheels.[4] Modern bucket capacities range from 8m3 to nearly 80m3.
Use
Shovel digging overburden.
Power shovels are used principally for excavation and removal of overburden in open-cut mining operations; they may also be used for the loading of minerals, such as coal. They are the modern equivalent of steam shovels, and operate in a similar fashion.
Other uses of the power shovel include:
Close range work.
Digging very hard materials.
Removing large boulders.
Excavating material and loading trucks.
Various other types of jobs such as digging in gravel banks, in clay pits, cuts in support of road work, road-side berms, etc.
Operation
The shovel operates using several main motions including:
Hoisting - Pulling the bucket up through the bank of material being dug.
Crowding - Moving the dipper handle in or out in order to control the depth of cut or to position for dumping.
Swinging - Rotating the shovel between the dig site and dumping location.
Propelling - Moving the shovel unit to different locations or dig positions.
A shovel's work cycle, or digging cycle, consists of four phases:
1 Digging
2 Swinging
3 Dumping
4 Returning
The digging phase consists of crowding the dipper into the bank, hoisting the dipper to fill it, then retracting the full dipper from the bank. The swinging phase occurs once the dipper is clear of the bank both vertically and horizontally. The operator controls the dipper through a planned swing path and dump height until it is suitably positioned over the haul unit (e.g. truck). Dumping involves opening the dipper door to dump the load, while maintaining the correct dump height. Returning is when the dipper swings back to the bank, and involves lowering the dipper into the track position to close the dipper door.
In the 1950s with the demand for coal at a peak high and more coal companies turning to the cheaper method of strip mining, excavator manufacturers started offering a new super class of power shovels, commonly called giant stripping shovels. Most were built between the 1950s and the 1970s. The world's first giant stripping shovel for the coal fields was the Marion 5760. Unofficially known to its crew and eastern Ohio residents alike as The Mountaineer,[5] it was erected in 1955/56 near Cadiz, Ohio off of Interstate I-70. Larger models followed the successful 5760, culminating in the mid 60s with the gigantic 12,700 ton Marion 6360, nicknamed The Captain. One stripping shovel, The Bucyrus-Erie 1850-B known as "Big Brutus" has been preserved as a national landmark and a museum with tours and camping. Another stripping shovel, The Bucyrus-Erie 3850-B known as "Big Hog" was eventually cut down in 1985 and buried on the Peabody Sinclair Surface Mining site near the Paradise Mining Plant where it was operated. It remains there on non-public, government-owned land.
^"16 Tone Mobile Shovel Take 90 Ton Bite of Earth" Popular Mechanics, April 1956, p. 95.
^Extreme Mining Machines, by Keith Haddock, pub by MBI, ISBN0-7603-0918-3
January 13, 2023
power, shovel, this, article, uses, bare, urls, which, uninformative, vulnerable, link, please, consider, converting, them, full, citations, ensure, article, remains, verifiable, maintains, consistent, citation, style, several, templates, tools, available, ass. This article uses bare URLs which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting such as Reflinks documentation reFill documentation and Citation bot documentation September 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message A power shovel also stripping shovel or front shovel or electric mining shovel or electric rope shovel 2 is a bucket equipped machine usually electrically powered used for digging and loading earth or fragmented rock and for mineral extraction 3 Power shovels are a type of rope cable excavator where the digging arm is controlled and powered by winches and steel ropes rather than hydraulics like in the more common hydraulic excavators Basic parts of a power shovel include the track system cabin cables rack stick boom foot pin saddle block boom boom point sheaves and bucket The size of bucket varies from 0 73 to 53 cubic meters Principle of rope shovel operation 1 P amp H 4100 XPB cable loading shovel Contents 1 Design 2 Use 3 Operation 4 Giant stripping shovels 4 1 Notable examples 5 See also 6 Further reading 7 ReferencesDesign EditPower shovels normally consist of a revolving deck with a power plant drive and control mechanisms usually a counterweight and a front attachment such as a crane boom which supports a handle dipper or dipper stick with a digger bucket at the end The term dipper is also sometimes used to refer to the handle and digger combined The machinery is mounted on a base platform with tracks or wheels 4 Modern bucket capacities range from 8m3 to nearly 80m3 Use Edit Shovel digging overburden Power shovels are used principally for excavation and removal of overburden in open cut mining operations they may also be used for the loading of minerals such as coal They are the modern equivalent of steam shovels and operate in a similar fashion Other uses of the power shovel include Close range work Digging very hard materials Removing large boulders Excavating material and loading trucks Various other types of jobs such as digging in gravel banks in clay pits cuts in support of road work road side berms etc Operation EditThe shovel operates using several main motions including Hoisting Pulling the bucket up through the bank of material being dug Crowding Moving the dipper handle in or out in order to control the depth of cut or to position for dumping Swinging Rotating the shovel between the dig site and dumping location Propelling Moving the shovel unit to different locations or dig positions A shovel s work cycle or digging cycle consists of four phases 1 Digging 2 Swinging 3 Dumping 4 ReturningThe digging phase consists of crowding the dipper into the bank hoisting the dipper to fill it then retracting the full dipper from the bank The swinging phase occurs once the dipper is clear of the bank both vertically and horizontally The operator controls the dipper through a planned swing path and dump height until it is suitably positioned over the haul unit e g truck Dumping involves opening the dipper door to dump the load while maintaining the correct dump height Returning is when the dipper swings back to the bank and involves lowering the dipper into the track position to close the dipper door Giant stripping shovels Edit Big Brutus which is now preserved as a museum In the 1950s with the demand for coal at a peak high and more coal companies turning to the cheaper method of strip mining excavator manufacturers started offering a new super class of power shovels commonly called giant stripping shovels Most were built between the 1950s and the 1970s The world s first giant stripping shovel for the coal fields was the Marion 5760 Unofficially known to its crew and eastern Ohio residents alike as The Mountaineer 5 it was erected in 1955 56 near Cadiz Ohio off of Interstate I 70 Larger models followed the successful 5760 culminating in the mid 60s with the gigantic 12 700 ton Marion 6360 nicknamed The Captain One stripping shovel The Bucyrus Erie 1850 B known as Big Brutus has been preserved as a national landmark and a museum with tours and camping Another stripping shovel The Bucyrus Erie 3850 B known as Big Hog was eventually cut down in 1985 and buried on the Peabody Sinclair Surface Mining site near the Paradise Mining Plant where it was operated It remains there on non public government owned land Notable examples Edit Ranking Bucket Capacity m3 yd3 Operating weight tons 6 Type Name Service Dismantled1 138 180 12 700 Marion 6360 The Captain 1965 1992 Burned in Internal Fire 2 107 140 9 350 Bucyrus Erie 3850 B The River Queen 1964 19933 99 130 6 850 Bucyrus Erie 1950 B The GEM of Egypt 1967 19914 96 125 9 338 Marion 5960 M Big Digger 1969 19905 88 115 6 950 Bucyrus Erie 3850 B Big Hog 1962 1985 Buried On Site 6 80 105 7 200 Bucyrus Erie 1950 B The Silver Spade 1965 2007 Preservation Attempts Failed 7 69 90 4 220 Bucyrus Erie 1850 B Big Brutus 1962 Preserved as a National Landmark8 50 65 2 750 Marion 5760 B The Mountaineer 1956 1988See also EditP amp H Mining Bucyrus International Dragline Excavator Marion Power Shovel Steam shovel HulettFurther reading EditExtreme Mining Machines Stripping shovels and walking draglines by Keith Haddock pub by MBI ISBN 0 7603 0918 3References Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Power shovels Simionescu P A 2014 Computer Aided Graphing and Simulation Tools for AutoCAD users 1st ed Boca Raton FL CRC Press ISBN 978 1 4822 5290 3 https www cat com en US products new equipment electric rope shovels html US Department of the Treasury IRS Appendix I Glossary of Mining Terms Encyclopaedia Britannica Power Shovel 16 Tone Mobile Shovel Take 90 Ton Bite of Earth Popular Mechanics April 1956 p 95 Extreme Mining Machines by Keith Haddock pub by MBI ISBN 0 7603 0918 3 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Power shovel amp oldid 1112542323, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
