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Pisgat Ze'ev

April 12, 2024

Pisgat Ze'ev (Hebrew: פסגת זאב, lit. Ze'ev's Peak) is an Israeli settlement in East Jerusalem[1] and the largest residential neighborhood in Jerusalem with a population of over 50,000.[2] Pisgat Ze'ev was established by Israel as one of the city's five Ring Neighborhoods on land effectively annexed after the 1967 Six-Day War.

View of Pisgat Ze'ev Mall (left) and Community Center (right foreground) on Moshe Dayan Boulevard
Map showing Pisgat Ze'ev and other Jewish (in blue) and Arab (in green) localities in East Jerusalem and the West Bank; the 1949 armistice line is in green, the boundary of East Jerusalem in red, and the pre-1967 border of the East Jerusalem Municipality in brown.

The international community considers Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.[3]

Pisgat Ze'ev is situated east of Shuafat and Beit Hanina, west of Hizma, south of Neve Yaakov, and north of 'Anata and the Shuafat refugee camp. The Israeli West Bank barrier includes Pisgat Ze'ev in the northern section of Jerusalem while excluding Shuafat refugee camp from the city by running in an S-shape here.[1]

History

 
Pisgat Ze'ev
 
Jerusalem Light Rail running through Pisgat Ze'ev

Antiquity

Archeological evidence shows that in the biblical period, the site encompassed small agricultural villages along routes north from Jerusalem to Nablus and the Galilee. The villages made use of varied water-catchment strategies and served the needs of Israelite Jerusalem, including as a major producer of wine and oil for use in the Temple in Jerusalem.[4] Three ritual baths from the Second Temple period have been excavated in Pisgat Ze'ev.[5]

The Byzantine period saw the villages' primary use shift from agriculture to service religious functions, such as churches and monasteries. A large monastery from the period was located at the site's highest point, Ras at-Tawill. The monastery was likely active from the end of the 5th century to the close of the 8th century, and included a mosaic-floored chapel above a burial cave, as well as an oil press and a cloth bag of 200 coins.[4] An oven and pots from the Iron Age were also found nearby.[4]

An archaeological site known as Deir Ghazali (the Deer Monastery) was also excavated in eastern Pisgat Ze’ev.[6]

Overlooking the neighborhood is Tell el-Ful, believed to be the capital of the Tribe of Judah and site of the Israelite King Saul's palace. King Hussein of Jordan began constructing a palace there in the mid-1960s.[4][7]

Modern era

In the 1930s, plots of land were purchased near Hizme by European Jews for the establishment of a Jewish farming cooperative, Havatzelet Binyamin. Most of the landowners died in the Holocaust. The land was later expropriated along with Palestinian land to build Pisgat Ze'ev.[8]

Pisgat Ze'ev was established in 1982 on land annexed to Israel after the 1967 Six-Day War as one of the city's five Ring Neighborhoods, meant to create a contiguous Jewish link with Neve Yaakov in the city's north, which had been isolated from other Jewish areas. The original name proposal was "Pisgat Tal," based on the Arabic name of the hilltop where construction was to begin, Ras at-Tawill, but the final choice was Pisgat Ze'ev, after the Revisionist Zionist leader, Ze'ev Jabotinsky.[9]

According to ARIJ, Israel confiscated land from several surrounding Palestinian communities in order to construct Pisgat Ze'ev:

In May 2003, a public bus leaving the Pisgat Ze'ev terminus was blown up by a Palestinian suicide bomber. Seven people were killed in the attack and dozens were wounded. The police said the bomber boarded the bus disguised as a religious Jew, wearing a kippa and a prayer shawl.[13] One of the victims was a resident of the Shuafat refugee camp, on his way to work at the Hadassah Medical Center in Ein Kerem.[14]

Geography

 
Great Synagogue, Pisgat Ze'ev

The neighborhood was established on a hilltop known in Arabic as Ras at-Tawill, 772 meters above sea level, and its additional construction phases descend along the ridge and up to a neighboring hill. Pisgat Ze'ev has five districts: Center (1984), West (1988), East and North (1990), and South (1998). Pisgat Ze'ev is situated in north Jerusalem to the east of Shuafat and Beit Hanina, west of Hizma, south of Neve Yaakov, and north of French Hill, 'Anata and the Shuafat refugee camp. It is due east of the watershed on the edge of the Judean Desert.

Demographics

In 2017, Pisgat Zeev had a population of 42,300.[15] In 2007 it was reported to have about 1,300 of which were Arabs.[16] Many residents of Pisgat Ze'ev are Jerusalem families that left the city center in search of more affordable housing. Pisgat Ze'ev has a mixed population of religious and secular Jews.[4] The construction of the Israeli West Bank barrier has also prompted Arabs to move to Pisgat Ze'ev.[17]

Status under international law

Main article: International law and Israeli settlements

The international community considers Israeli settlements in the Israeli-occupied territories, including East Jerusalem, to violate the Fourth Geneva Convention's prohibition on the transfer of a civilian population into occupied territory and thus illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.[3][18] Israel disputes that the Fourth Geneva Convention applies to these territories as they had not been legally held by a sovereign prior to Israel taking control of them. This view has been rejected by the International Court of Justice and the International Committee of the Red Cross.[19][20]

Schools and public buildings

With 40 percent of the residents under the age of 21, Pisgat Ze'ev has 58 kindergartens, 9 elementary schools, 2 middle schools and 3 high schools. There are also 22 synagogues and 2 libraries.

Transportation

Moshe Dayan Boulevard, beginning at Highway 1 (Israel/Palestine) in the south and ending in Neve Yaakov in the north, is named after the famed Israeli Army general.[21] It is Pisgat Ze'ev's major commercial thoroughfare, including many shops, eateries and the Pisga Mall.

Pisgat Ze'ev is located on the Jerusalem Light Rail line. Pisgat Ze'ev Center is two stations away from the northern terminus.[22]

Many of the street names in Pisgat Ze'ev commemorate leading Israeli personalities such as Simcha Holtzberg, Moshe Rachmilewitz, Eliyahu Meridor and Meir Gershon.[21] In the center of Pisgat Ze'ev, many streets are named for Israel Defense Forces units that fought in the country's wars such as Sayeret Duchifat Blvd., HaSayeret HaYerushalmit St., Sayeret Golani St. and Hel HaAvir St.[21] A memorial for fallen soldiers is located in an archeological park in central Pisgat Ze'ev.

Street names

Moshe Dayan Boulevard, beginning at Highway 1 (Israel/Palestine) in the south and ending in Neve Yaakov in the north, is named after the famed Israeli Army general.[21] It is Pisgat Ze'ev's major commercial thoroughfare, including many shops, eateries and the Pisga Mall. Many of the street names in Pisgat Ze'ev commemorate leading Israeli personalities such as Simcha Holtzberg, Moshe Rachmilewitz, Eliyahu Meridor and Meir Gershon.[21] In the center of Pisgat Ze'ev, many streets are named for Israel Defense Forces units that fought in the country's wars such as Sayeret Duchifat Blvd., HaSayeret HaYerushalmit St., Sayeret Golani St. and Hel HaAvir St.[21] A memorial for fallen soldiers is located in an archeological park in central Pisgat Ze'ev.

Environmental projects

With the help of the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel (SPNI), the residents of Pisgat Ze'ev transformed a 5-acre (20,000 m2) site used as an illegal dumping ground into a wildflower sanctuary with over 55 species of trees and plants.[23]

In 2011, an innovative water-recycling project was introduced at the ritual bath in Pisgat Ze'ev which will make it unnecessary to change the water every day.[24] In 2011, rainwater collection tanks were installed at the Pisgat Ze'ev (West) school in a project designed to conserve water organized by the Green Network, which specializes in educational programming in ecology and the environment.[25]

 
Pisgat Ze'ev East

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Andrew James Clarno, University of Michigan (2009). The empire's new walls: Sovereignty, neo-liberalism, and the production of space in post-apartheid South Africa and post-Oslo Palestine/Israel. ISBN 978-1-109-11520-8.
  2. ^ Pisgat Ze'ev at GoJerusalem.com
  3. ^ a b "The Geneva Convention". BBC News. 10 December 2009. Retrieved 27 November 2010.
  4. ^ a b c d e Pisgat Ze'ev 2011-06-17 at the Wayback Machine Jerusalem Municipality
  5. ^ Adler, Yonatan (September 9, 2008). "English". Journal of Jewish Studies. 59 (1): 62–72. doi:10.18647/2774/JJS-2008 – via www.academia.edu.
  6. ^ "Projects - Preservation". www.iaa-conservation.org.il.
  7. ^ Marshall J. Berger; Ora Ahimeir (2002). Jerusalem: a city and its future. Syracuse University Press. p. 185. ISBN 978-0-8156-2913-9. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  8. ^ Much of Pisgat Ze'ev built on land bought by Jews who died in the Holocaust, Haaretz
  9. ^ . Jerusalem Municipality. 2009-07-13. Archived from the original on 2011-06-17. Retrieved 2010-03-30.
  10. ^ a b Beit Hanina Town Profile, 2013, pp. 13-14
  11. ^ Shu’fat Town Profile, 2013 p. 14
  12. ^ Hizma Village Profile, 2012, p. 17
  13. ^ Silver, Eric (2003-05-19). "Nightmare images from a Jerusalem commuter bus". The Independent. Retrieved 2010-03-30.
  14. ^ Sedan, Gil (2003-05-23). "Rich, poor, Arab, Jew — Terror kills without prejudice". Jweekly.com. Retrieved 2010-03-30.
  15. ^ Korach, Michal; Choshen, Maya (2019). "Jerusalem Facts and Trends" (PDF). Jerusalem Institute for Policy Research. p. 21. Retrieved February 26, 2020.
  16. ^ "Holy City twist: Arabs moving into Jewish areas". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com.
  17. ^ Mitnick, Joshua (2006-05-08). "Jerusalem barrier prompts Arabs to move across town". The Washington Times. Retrieved 2010-03-30.
  18. ^ The settlers' struggle BBC News. 19 December 2003
  19. ^ Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory 2010-07-06 at the Wayback Machine International Court of Justice, 9 July 2004. pp. 44-45
  20. ^ Opinion of the International Court of Justice B'Tselem
  21. ^ a b c d e f "Information about Jerusalem Street Names" (in Hebrew). Jerusalem Municipality. Retrieved 2012-02-03.
  22. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2014-11-30.
  23. ^ . February 8, 2006. Archived from the original on 2006-02-08.
  24. ^ "Report: NYC seeks Hizbullah fugitives". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com.
  25. ^ "Conserving Rain Water in Jerusalem". Archived from the original on September 3, 2012.

External links

  • Official website (in Hebrew)
  • Jerusalem Photos Portal — Pisgat Ze'ev

31°49′30″N 35°14′30″E / 31.82500°N 35.24167°E / 31.82500; 35.24167

April 12, 2024
pisgat, hebrew, פסגת, זאב, peak, israeli, settlement, east, jerusalem, largest, residential, neighborhood, jerusalem, with, population, over, established, israel, city, five, ring, neighborhoods, land, effectively, annexed, after, 1967, view, mall, left, commu. Pisgat Ze ev Hebrew פסגת זאב lit Ze ev s Peak is an Israeli settlement in East Jerusalem 1 and the largest residential neighborhood in Jerusalem with a population of over 50 000 2 Pisgat Ze ev was established by Israel as one of the city s five Ring Neighborhoods on land effectively annexed after the 1967 Six Day War View of Pisgat Ze ev Mall left and Community Center right foreground on Moshe Dayan BoulevardMap showing Pisgat Ze ev and other Jewish in blue and Arab in green localities in East Jerusalem and the West Bank the 1949 armistice line is in green the boundary of East Jerusalem in red and the pre 1967 border of the East Jerusalem Municipality in brown The international community considers Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem illegal under international law but the Israeli government disputes this 3 Pisgat Ze ev is situated east of Shuafat and Beit Hanina west of Hizma south of Neve Yaakov and north of Anata and the Shuafat refugee camp The Israeli West Bank barrier includes Pisgat Ze ev in the northern section of Jerusalem while excluding Shuafat refugee camp from the city by running in an S shape here 1 Contents 1 History 1 1 Antiquity 1 2 Modern era 2 Geography 3 Demographics 4 Status under international law 5 Schools and public buildings 6 Transportation 6 1 Street names 7 Environmental projects 8 See also 9 References 10 External linksHistory nbsp Pisgat Ze ev nbsp Jerusalem Light Rail running through Pisgat Ze evAntiquity Archeological evidence shows that in the biblical period the site encompassed small agricultural villages along routes north from Jerusalem to Nablus and the Galilee The villages made use of varied water catchment strategies and served the needs of Israelite Jerusalem including as a major producer of wine and oil for use in the Temple in Jerusalem 4 Three ritual baths from the Second Temple period have been excavated in Pisgat Ze ev 5 The Byzantine period saw the villages primary use shift from agriculture to service religious functions such as churches and monasteries A large monastery from the period was located at the site s highest point Ras at Tawill The monastery was likely active from the end of the 5th century to the close of the 8th century and included a mosaic floored chapel above a burial cave as well as an oil press and a cloth bag of 200 coins 4 An oven and pots from the Iron Age were also found nearby 4 An archaeological site known as Deir Ghazali the Deer Monastery was also excavated in eastern Pisgat Ze ev 6 Overlooking the neighborhood is Tell el Ful believed to be the capital of the Tribe of Judah and site of the Israelite King Saul s palace King Hussein of Jordan began constructing a palace there in the mid 1960s 4 7 Modern era In the 1930s plots of land were purchased near Hizme by European Jews for the establishment of a Jewish farming cooperative Havatzelet Binyamin Most of the landowners died in the Holocaust The land was later expropriated along with Palestinian land to build Pisgat Ze ev 8 Pisgat Ze ev was established in 1982 on land annexed to Israel after the 1967 Six Day War as one of the city s five Ring Neighborhoods meant to create a contiguous Jewish link with Neve Yaakov in the city s north which had been isolated from other Jewish areas The original name proposal was Pisgat Tal based on the Arabic name of the hilltop where construction was to begin Ras at Tawill but the final choice was Pisgat Ze ev after the Revisionist Zionist leader Ze ev Jabotinsky 9 According to ARIJ Israel confiscated land from several surrounding Palestinian communities in order to construct Pisgat Ze ev 1 458 dunams from Beit Hanina 10 686 dunams from Beit Hanina for the Pisgat Amir neighbourhood in Pisgat Ze ev 10 239 dunams from Shuafat 11 89 dunams from Hizma 12 In May 2003 a public bus leaving the Pisgat Ze ev terminus was blown up by a Palestinian suicide bomber Seven people were killed in the attack and dozens were wounded The police said the bomber boarded the bus disguised as a religious Jew wearing a kippa and a prayer shawl 13 One of the victims was a resident of the Shuafat refugee camp on his way to work at the Hadassah Medical Center in Ein Kerem 14 Geography nbsp Great Synagogue Pisgat Ze evThe neighborhood was established on a hilltop known in Arabic as Ras at Tawill 772 meters above sea level and its additional construction phases descend along the ridge and up to a neighboring hill Pisgat Ze ev has five districts Center 1984 West 1988 East and North 1990 and South 1998 Pisgat Ze ev is situated in north Jerusalem to the east of Shuafat and Beit Hanina west of Hizma south of Neve Yaakov and north of French Hill Anata and the Shuafat refugee camp It is due east of the watershed on the edge of the Judean Desert DemographicsIn 2017 Pisgat Zeev had a population of 42 300 15 In 2007 it was reported to have about 1 300 of which were Arabs 16 Many residents of Pisgat Ze ev are Jerusalem families that left the city center in search of more affordable housing Pisgat Ze ev has a mixed population of religious and secular Jews 4 The construction of the Israeli West Bank barrier has also prompted Arabs to move to Pisgat Ze ev 17 Status under international lawMain article International law and Israeli settlements The international community considers Israeli settlements in the Israeli occupied territories including East Jerusalem to violate the Fourth Geneva Convention s prohibition on the transfer of a civilian population into occupied territory and thus illegal under international law but the Israeli government disputes this 3 18 Israel disputes that the Fourth Geneva Convention applies to these territories as they had not been legally held by a sovereign prior to Israel taking control of them This view has been rejected by the International Court of Justice and the International Committee of the Red Cross 19 20 Schools and public buildingsWith 40 percent of the residents under the age of 21 Pisgat Ze ev has 58 kindergartens 9 elementary schools 2 middle schools and 3 high schools There are also 22 synagogues and 2 libraries TransportationMoshe Dayan Boulevard beginning at Highway 1 Israel Palestine in the south and ending in Neve Yaakov in the north is named after the famed Israeli Army general 21 It is Pisgat Ze ev s major commercial thoroughfare including many shops eateries and the Pisga Mall Pisgat Ze ev is located on the Jerusalem Light Rail line Pisgat Ze ev Center is two stations away from the northern terminus 22 Many of the street names in Pisgat Ze ev commemorate leading Israeli personalities such as Simcha Holtzberg Moshe Rachmilewitz Eliyahu Meridor and Meir Gershon 21 In the center of Pisgat Ze ev many streets are named for Israel Defense Forces units that fought in the country s wars such as Sayeret Duchifat Blvd HaSayeret HaYerushalmit St Sayeret Golani St and Hel HaAvir St 21 A memorial for fallen soldiers is located in an archeological park in central Pisgat Ze ev Street names Moshe Dayan Boulevard beginning at Highway 1 Israel Palestine in the south and ending in Neve Yaakov in the north is named after the famed Israeli Army general 21 It is Pisgat Ze ev s major commercial thoroughfare including many shops eateries and the Pisga Mall Many of the street names in Pisgat Ze ev commemorate leading Israeli personalities such as Simcha Holtzberg Moshe Rachmilewitz Eliyahu Meridor and Meir Gershon 21 In the center of Pisgat Ze ev many streets are named for Israel Defense Forces units that fought in the country s wars such as Sayeret Duchifat Blvd HaSayeret HaYerushalmit St Sayeret Golani St and Hel HaAvir St 21 A memorial for fallen soldiers is located in an archeological park in central Pisgat Ze ev Environmental projectsWith the help of the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel SPNI the residents of Pisgat Ze ev transformed a 5 acre 20 000 m2 site used as an illegal dumping ground into a wildflower sanctuary with over 55 species of trees and plants 23 In 2011 an innovative water recycling project was introduced at the ritual bath in Pisgat Ze ev which will make it unnecessary to change the water every day 24 In 2011 rainwater collection tanks were installed at the Pisgat Ze ev West school in a project designed to conserve water organized by the Green Network which specializes in educational programming in ecology and the environment 25 nbsp Pisgat Ze ev EastSee alsoList of places in Jerusalem Kubur Bani Yisra il Pisgat Ze ev stabbings Royal Palace Tell el FulReferences a b Andrew James Clarno University of Michigan 2009 The empire s new walls Sovereignty neo liberalism and the production of space in post apartheid South Africa and post Oslo Palestine Israel ISBN 978 1 109 11520 8 Pisgat Ze ev at GoJerusalem com a b The Geneva Convention BBC News 10 December 2009 Retrieved 27 November 2010 a b c d e Pisgat Ze ev Archived 2011 06 17 at the Wayback Machine Jerusalem Municipality Adler Yonatan September 9 2008 English Journal of Jewish Studies 59 1 62 72 doi 10 18647 2774 JJS 2008 via www academia edu Projects Preservation www iaa conservation org il Marshall J Berger Ora Ahimeir 2002 Jerusalem a city and its future Syracuse University Press p 185 ISBN 978 0 8156 2913 9 Retrieved 23 December 2010 Much of Pisgat Ze ev built on land bought by Jews who died in the Holocaust Haaretz Jerusalem Neighborhoods Pisgat Ze ev Jerusalem Municipality 2009 07 13 Archived from the original on 2011 06 17 Retrieved 2010 03 30 a b Beit Hanina Town Profile 2013 pp 13 14 Shu fat Town Profile 2013 p 14 Hizma Village Profile 2012 p 17 Silver Eric 2003 05 19 Nightmare images from a Jerusalem commuter bus The Independent Retrieved 2010 03 30 Sedan Gil 2003 05 23 Rich poor Arab Jew Terror kills without prejudice Jweekly com Retrieved 2010 03 30 Korach Michal Choshen Maya 2019 Jerusalem Facts and Trends PDF Jerusalem Institute for Policy Research p 21 Retrieved February 26 2020 Holy City twist Arabs moving into Jewish areas The Jerusalem Post JPost com Mitnick Joshua 2006 05 08 Jerusalem barrier prompts Arabs to move across town The Washington Times Retrieved 2010 03 30 The settlers struggle BBC News 19 December 2003 Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory Archived 2010 07 06 at the Wayback Machine International Court of Justice 9 July 2004 pp 44 45 Opinion of the International Court of Justice B Tselem a b c d e f Information about Jerusalem Street Names in Hebrew Jerusalem Municipality Retrieved 2012 02 03 Route Map PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2015 09 23 Retrieved 2014 11 30 The American Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel Jerusalem February 8 2006 Archived from the original on 2006 02 08 Report NYC seeks Hizbullah fugitives The Jerusalem Post JPost com Conserving Rain Water in Jerusalem Archived from the original on September 3 2012 External linksOfficial website in Hebrew Jerusalem Photos Portal Pisgat Ze ev 31 49 30 N 35 14 30 E 31 82500 N 35 24167 E 31 82500 35 24167 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pisgat Ze 27ev amp oldid 1198145294, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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