Hygrophorus russula, commonly known as the pinkmottle woodwax, false russula, or russula-like waxy cap,[2] is a fungus native to North America and Europe.[3]
German naturalist Jacob Christian Schäffer described the species as Agaricus russula in 1774.[4] The species name is derived from its reddish coloration, reminiscent of members of the genus Russula.[5] French botanist Claude Casimir Gillet placed it in the genus Tricholoma in 1878, before American naturalistCalvin Henry Kauffman transferred it to Hygrophorus in 1918. Though Kauffman thought it resembled Tricholoma, he held that its waxy gills showed it to be better suited to the genus Hygrophorus.[5]
The fruit bodies, or mushrooms, can be abundant some years, especially after rainfall, sometimes appearing in arcs or fairy rings.[2] The cap is hemispherical before flattening out with age, though the cap margin remains inrolled. Reaching 5–12 cm (2–4+3⁄4 in) in diameter, it has a base colour of white or pink with streaks of pink, wine-red or purple.[6] The cap surface is sticky when young. The firm flesh is pink or white and has no strong taste or smell. The crowded gills are decurrent. White when young, they become discoloured with pink and wine-red stains. The stipe is 2–10 cm (3⁄4–4 in) high and 1.5–3.5 cm (1⁄2–1+1⁄2 in) wide. The spore print is white, the smooth oval spores measuring 6–8 by 3–5 μm under the microscope.[7][6]
It can be distinguished from russulas by its non-brittle stipe.[8] The edible but poor Hygrophorus purpurascens is similar but has a veil and grows under conifers.[9]
In eastern North America, it appears under oak from August to October.[7] It is more common in the east of the continent than the west.[8]
The mushroom is edible but sources differ as to its quality.[2][7][10][6]
^"Fungorum synonymy: Hygrophorus russula". Species Fungorum. CAB International. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
^ abcHuffman DM (2008). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of the Midcontinental United States (Bur Oak Guide). Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa Press. p. 85. ISBN9781587297250.
^Bas C (1990). Flora Agaricina Neerlandica. Vol. 2. CRC Press. p. 121. ISBN9789061919711.
^Schaeffer JC. (1774). Fungorum qui in Bavaria et Palatinatu Nascuntur Icones (in Latin). Vol. 1. p. 58.
^ abKauffman CH (1918). The Agaricaceae of Michigan. Publications Mich. geol. biol. Surv., Biol. Ser. 5 26. Lansing, Michigan: Wynkoop, Hallenbeck Crawford Co. p. 185.
^ abcBessette A, Bessette AR, Fischer DW (1997). Mushrooms of Northeastern North America. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press. p. 145. ISBN978-0-8156-0388-7.
^ abArora, D. (1986). Mushrooms demystified: a comprehensive guide to the fleshy fungi (2nd ed.). Berkeley: Ten Speed Press. pp. 123–24. ISBN0-89815-169-4.
^Roody WC. (2003). Mushrooms of West Virginia and the Central Appalachians. Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky. p. 143. ISBN0-8131-9039-8.
^Phillips, Roger (2010) [2005]. Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. p. 86. ISBN978-1-55407-651-2.
Media related to Hygrophorus russula at Wikimedia Commons
January 01, 1970
hygrophorus, russula, commonly, known, pinkmottle, woodwax, false, russula, russula, like, waxy, fungus, native, north, america, europe, scientific, classification, domain, eukaryota, kingdom, fungi, division, basidiomycota, class, agaricomycetes, order, agari. Hygrophorus russula commonly known as the pinkmottle woodwax false russula or russula like waxy cap 2 is a fungus native to North America and Europe 3 Hygrophorus russula Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Fungi Division Basidiomycota Class Agaricomycetes Order Agaricales Family Hygrophoraceae Genus Hygrophorus Species H russula Binomial name Hygrophorus russula Schaeff Kauffman 1918 Synonyms 1 Agaricus russula Schaeff 1774 German naturalist Jacob Christian Schaffer described the species as Agaricus russula in 1774 4 The species name is derived from its reddish coloration reminiscent of members of the genus Russula 5 French botanist Claude Casimir Gillet placed it in the genus Tricholoma in 1878 before American naturalist Calvin Henry Kauffman transferred it to Hygrophorus in 1918 Though Kauffman thought it resembled Tricholoma he held that its waxy gills showed it to be better suited to the genus Hygrophorus 5 The fruit bodies or mushrooms can be abundant some years especially after rainfall sometimes appearing in arcs or fairy rings 2 The cap is hemispherical before flattening out with age though the cap margin remains inrolled Reaching 5 12 cm 2 4 3 4 in in diameter it has a base colour of white or pink with streaks of pink wine red or purple 6 The cap surface is sticky when young The firm flesh is pink or white and has no strong taste or smell The crowded gills are decurrent White when young they become discoloured with pink and wine red stains The stipe is 2 10 cm 3 4 4 in high and 1 5 3 5 cm 1 2 1 1 2 in wide The spore print is white the smooth oval spores measuring 6 8 by 3 5 mm under the microscope 7 6 It can be distinguished from russulas by its non brittle stipe 8 The edible but poor Hygrophorus purpurascens is similar but has a veil and grows under conifers 9 In eastern North America it appears under oak from August to October 7 It is more common in the east of the continent than the west 8 The mushroom is edible but sources differ as to its quality 2 7 10 6 Hygrophorus russulaMycological characteristicsGills on hymeniumCap is convexHymenium is adnate or decurrentStipe is bareSpore print is whiteEdibility is choice or edibleSee also editList of Hygrophorus speciesReferences edit Fungorum synonymy Hygrophorus russula Species Fungorum CAB International Retrieved 23 October 2015 a b c Huffman DM 2008 Mushrooms and Other Fungi of the Midcontinental United States Bur Oak Guide Iowa City Iowa University of Iowa Press p 85 ISBN 9781587297250 Bas C 1990 Flora Agaricina Neerlandica Vol 2 CRC Press p 121 ISBN 9789061919711 Schaeffer JC 1774 Fungorum qui in Bavaria et Palatinatu Nascuntur Icones in Latin Vol 1 p 58 a b Kauffman CH 1918 The Agaricaceae of Michigan Publications Mich geol biol Surv Biol Ser 5 26 Lansing Michigan Wynkoop Hallenbeck Crawford Co p 185 a b c Davis R Michael Sommer Robert Menge John A 2012 Field Guide to Mushrooms of Western North America Berkeley University of California Press pp 130 131 ISBN 978 0 520 95360 4 OCLC 797915861 a b c Bessette A Bessette AR Fischer DW 1997 Mushrooms of Northeastern North America Syracuse New York Syracuse University Press p 145 ISBN 978 0 8156 0388 7 a b Arora D 1986 Mushrooms demystified a comprehensive guide to the fleshy fungi 2nd ed Berkeley Ten Speed Press pp 123 24 ISBN 0 89815 169 4 Roody WC 2003 Mushrooms of West Virginia and the Central Appalachians Lexington Kentucky University Press of Kentucky p 143 ISBN 0 8131 9039 8 Phillips Roger 2010 2005 Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America Buffalo NY Firefly Books p 86 ISBN 978 1 55407 651 2 nbsp Media related to Hygrophorus russula at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hygrophorus russula amp oldid 1194668551, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
