A photosynthetic pigment (accessory pigment; chloroplast pigment; antenna pigment) is a pigment that is present in chloroplasts or photosynthetic bacteria and captures the light energy necessary for photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll a is the most common of the six, present in every plant that performs photosynthesis. Each pigment absorbs light more efficiently in a different part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Chlorophyll a absorbs well in the ranges of 400–450 nm and at 650–700 nm; chlorophyll b at 450–500 nm and at 600–650 nm. Xanthophyll absorbs well at 400–530 nm. However, none of the pigments[2][3] absorb well in the green-yellow region; the diffuse reflection of the unabsorbed green light is responsible for the abundant green seen in nature.
Bacteriaedit
Like plants, the cyanobacteria use water as an electron donor for photosynthesis and therefore liberate oxygen; they also use chlorophyll as a pigment. In addition, most cyanobacteria use phycobiliproteins, water-soluble pigments which occur in the cytoplasm of the chloroplast, to capture light energy and pass it on to the chlorophylls. (Some cyanobacteria, the prochlorophytes, use chlorophyll b instead of phycobilin.) It is thought that the chloroplasts in plants and algae all evolved from cyanobacteria.
Several other groups of bacteria use the bacteriochlorophyll pigments (similar to the chlorophylls) for photosynthesis. Unlike the cyanobacteria, these bacteria do not produce oxygen; they typically use hydrogen sulfide rather than water as the electron donor.
Recently, a very different pigment has been found in some marine Gammaproteobacteria: proteorhodopsin. It is similar to and probably originated from bacteriorhodopsin (see below: under #Archaea).
^Virtanen, Olli; Constantinidou, Emanuella; Tyystjarvi, Esa. "Chlorophyll does not reflect green light – how to correct a misconception". Taylor & Francis Online. Taylor & Francis Online. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
photosynthetic, pigment, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, de. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Photosynthetic pigment news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2013 Learn how and when to remove this template message A photosynthetic pigment accessory pigment chloroplast pigment antenna pigment is a pigment that is present in chloroplasts or photosynthetic bacteria and captures the light energy necessary for photosynthesis Electromagnetic spectrum wavelengths in metresList of photosynthetic pigments in order of increasing polarity Carotene an orange pigment Xanthophyll a yellow pigment Phaeophytin a 1 a gray brown pigment Phaeophytin b 1 a yellow brown pigment Chlorophyll a a blue green pigment Chlorophyll b a yellow green pigmentChlorophyll a is the most common of the six present in every plant that performs photosynthesis Each pigment absorbs light more efficiently in a different part of the electromagnetic spectrum Chlorophyll a absorbs well in the ranges of 400 450 nm and at 650 700 nm chlorophyll b at 450 500 nm and at 600 650 nm Xanthophyll absorbs well at 400 530 nm However none of the pigments 2 3 absorb well in the green yellow region the diffuse reflection of the unabsorbed green light is responsible for the abundant green seen in nature Bacteria editLike plants the cyanobacteria use water as an electron donor for photosynthesis and therefore liberate oxygen they also use chlorophyll as a pigment In addition most cyanobacteria use phycobiliproteins water soluble pigments which occur in the cytoplasm of the chloroplast to capture light energy and pass it on to the chlorophylls Some cyanobacteria the prochlorophytes use chlorophyll b instead of phycobilin It is thought that the chloroplasts in plants and algae all evolved from cyanobacteria Several other groups of bacteria use the bacteriochlorophyll pigments similar to the chlorophylls for photosynthesis Unlike the cyanobacteria these bacteria do not produce oxygen they typically use hydrogen sulfide rather than water as the electron donor Recently a very different pigment has been found in some marine Gammaproteobacteria proteorhodopsin It is similar to and probably originated from bacteriorhodopsin see below under Archaea Archaea editFurther information Archaea Halobacteria use the pigment bacteriorhodopsin which acts directly as a proton pump when exposed to light References edit a b CHLOROPHYLLS JECFA 1987 Virtanen Olli Constantinidou Emanuella Tyystjarvi Esa Chlorophyll does not reflect green light how to correct a misconception Taylor amp Francis Online Taylor amp Francis Online Retrieved 26 January 2024 Gruszecki Wieslaw Grudzinski Wojciech Banaszek Glos Agnieszka Matula Magdalena Kernen Peter Krupa Zbigniew Sielewiesiuk Jan Xanthophyll pigments in light harvesting complex II in monomolecular layers localisation energy transfer and orientation PDF Connecting Repositories Elservier Retrieved 27 January 2024 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Photosynthetic pigment amp oldid 1199486917, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
