Phlegmariurus

Phlegmariurus is a genus of lycophyte plants in the family Lycopodiaceae.^[1] The genus is recognized in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I),^[2] but not by some other sources, which keep it in a broadly defined Huperzia.

Phlegmariurus
Phlegmariurus phlegmaria growing in the Cambridge University Botanic Garden
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Lycophytes
Class:	Lycopodiopsida
Order:	Lycopodiales
Family:	Lycopodiaceae
Subfamily:	Huperzioideae
Genus:	Phlegmariurus (Herter) Holub^[1]
Species
See text.

Taxonomy

The genus was first described in 1909 by Wilhelm Herter as the section Phlegmariurus of the genus Lycopodium. The section was elevated to a genus by Josef Ludwig Holub in 1964.^[3]

Within the family Lycopodiaceae, Phlegmariurus is placed in the subfamily Huperzioideae. A phylogenetic study in 2016, employing both molecular and morphological data, concluded that either a one-genus or a three-genus division of the subfamily produced monophyletic taxa. The authors preferred the three-genus division, recognizing Huperzia, Phlegmariurus and Phylloglossum. Their preferred hypothesis for the relationships of the three genera was:^[4]

Huperzioideae	Phylloglossum Huperzia Phlegmariurus

The majority of the species formerly placed in a broadly defined Huperzia belong in Phlegmariurus.^[4] However, the genera are difficult to separate morphologically, and others have preferred the one-genus division of the subfamily.^[1]

Species

As of January 2023^[update], the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World accepted over 300 species:^[1]

• Phlegmariurus acerosus (Sw.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus acifolius (Rolleri) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus acutus (Rolleri) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus affinis (Trevis.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus afromontanus Pic. Serm.
• Phlegmariurus ambrensis (Rakotondr.) A.R.Field & Bauret
• Phlegmariurus amentaceus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus andinus (Rosenst.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus aqualupianus (Spring) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus arcuatus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus ascendens (Nessel) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus attenuatus (Spring) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus australis (Willd.) A.R.Field
• Phlegmariurus austroecuadoricus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus austrosinicus (Ching) Li Bing Zhang
• Phlegmariurus axillaris (Roxb.) comb. ined., currently Huperzia axillaris (Roxb.) Rothm.
• Phlegmariurus badinianus (B.Øllg. & P.G.Windisch) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus balansae (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus bampsianus (Pic. Serm.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus banayanicus (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus beitelii (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus biformis (Hook.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus billardierei (Spring) Trevis.
• Phlegmariurus binervius (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus bolanicus (Rosenst.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus brachiatus (Maxon) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus brachystachys (Baker) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus bradeorum (Christ) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus brevifolius (Hook. & Grev.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus brongniartii (Spring) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus buesii (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus callitrichifolius (Mett.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus campianus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus cancellatus (Spring) Ching
• Phlegmariurus capellae (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus capillaris (Sodiro) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus carinatus (Poir.) Ching
• Phlegmariurus catacachiensis (Nessel) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus cavifolius (C.Chr.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus chamaeleon (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus changii T.Y.Hsieh
• Phlegmariurus chiricanus (Maxon) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus christii (Silveira) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus ciliatospiculatus B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus ciliolatus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus cleefianus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus cocouyensis B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus colanensis (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus columnaris (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus comans (Herter ex Nessel) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus compactus (Hook.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus copelandianus (R.C.Y.Chou & Bartlett) A.R.Field
• Phlegmariurus coralium (Spring) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus costaricensis (Herter) comb. ined., currently Huperzia costaricensis (Herter) Holub
• Phlegmariurus crassus (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus creber (Alderw.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus crucis-australis (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus cruentus (Spring) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus cryptomerinus (Maxim.) Satou
• Phlegmariurus cuernavacensis (Underw. & F.E.Lloyd) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus cumingii (Nessel) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus cuneifolius (Hieron.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus cunninghamioides (Hayata) Ching
• Phlegmariurus curiosus (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus curvifolius (Kunze) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus dacrydioides (Baker) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus dalhousieanus (Spring) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus darwinianus (Herter ex Nessel) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus delbrueckii (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus deminuens (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus dentatus (Herter) Arana
• Phlegmariurus dianae (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus dichaeoides (Maxon) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus dichotomus (Jacq.) W.H.Wagner
• Phlegmariurus dielsii (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus divergens (Alderw.) A.R.Field & Testo
• Phlegmariurus durus (Pic. Serm.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus echinatus (Spring) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus ellenbeckii (Nessel) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus elmeri (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus engleri (Hieron. & Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus eremorum (Rolleri) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus ericifolius (C.Presl) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus erythrocaulos (Fée) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus espinosanus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus eversus (Poir.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus fargesii (Herter) Ching
• Phlegmariurus filicaulos (Copel.) A.R.Field & Testo
• Phlegmariurus filiformis (Sw.) W.H.Wagner
• Phlegmariurus firmus (Mett.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus flagellaceus (Kuhn) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus flexibilis (Fée) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus foliaceus (Maxon) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus foliosus (Copel.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus fontinaloides (Spring) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus fordii (Baker) Ching
• Phlegmariurus friburgensis (Herter ex Nessel & Hoehne) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus funiculus (Herter) comb. ined., currently Huperzia funicula (Herter) J.P.Roux
• Phlegmariurus funiformis (Cham. ex Spring) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus gagnepainianus (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus galapagensis (O.J.Hamann) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus giganteus (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus gnidioides (L. fil.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus goebelii (Nessel) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus gracilis A.Rojas & R.Calderón
• Phlegmariurus guandongensis Ching
• Phlegmariurus gunturensis (Alderw.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus haeckelii (Herter) A.R.Field & Testo
• Phlegmariurus haitensis (Herter) comb. ined., currently Huperzia haitensis (Herter) Holub
• Phlegmariurus hamiltonii (Spreng.) Á.Löve & D.Löve
• Phlegmariurus harmsii (Nessel) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus hartwegianus (Spring) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus hastatus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus hellwigii (Warb.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus hemleri (Nessel) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus henryi (Baker) Ching
• Phlegmariurus heterocarpos (Fée) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus heteroclitus (Desv. ex Poir.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus hexastichus (B.Øllg. & P.G.Windisch) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus hildebrandtii (Herter) A.R.Field & Bauret
• Phlegmariurus hippurideus (Christ) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus hippuris (Desv. ex Poir.) A.R.Field & Testo
• Phlegmariurus hoffmannii (Maxon) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus hohenackeri (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus holstii (Hieron.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus homocarpus (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus horizontalis (Nessel) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus huberi (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus hugoi B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus humbertii (Nessel) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus humbertii-henrici (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus hypogaeus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus hystrix (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus idroboi B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus iminii Kiew
• Phlegmariurus insularis (Carmich.) comb. ined., currently Huperzia insularis (Carmich.) Rothm.
• Phlegmariurus intermedius (Trevis.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus itambensis (B.Øllg. & P.G.Windisch) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus jaegeri (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus josesantae B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus kajewskii (Copel.) A.R.Field & Testo
• Phlegmariurus killipii (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus kuesteri (Nessel) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus lancifolius (Maxon) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus lauterbachii (E.Pritz. ex K.Schum. & Lauterb.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus lecomteanus (Nessel) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus ledermannii (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus lehnertii Testo
• Phlegmariurus lignosus (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus lindenii (Spring) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus linifolius (L.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus llanganatensis (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus lockyeri (D.Jones & B.Gray) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus loefgrenianus (Silveira) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus longus (Copel.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus loxensis (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus luteynii B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus macbridei (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus macgregorii (Baker) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus macrostachys (Hook. ex Spring) N.C.Nair & S.R.Ghosh
• Phlegmariurus magnusianus (Herter) A.R.Field & Testo
• Phlegmariurus mandiocanus (Raddi) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus mannii (Hillebr.) W.H.Wagner
• Phlegmariurus marsupiiformis (D.Jones & B.Gray) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus martii (Wawra) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus megastachyus (Baker) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus melanesicus (Brownlie) A.R.Field & Testo
• Phlegmariurus merrillii (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus mesoamericanus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus mexicanus (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus mildbraedii (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus mingcheensis Ching
• Phlegmariurus minutifolius (Alderw.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus mirabilis (Willd.) A.R.Field & Testo
• Phlegmariurus mollicomus (Spring) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus monticola Kiew
• Phlegmariurus mooreanus (Sander ex Baker) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus multifarius (Alderw.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus myrsinites (Lam.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus myrtifolius (G.Forst.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus myrtuosus (Spring) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus neocaledonicus (Nessel) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus nesselii (Brause ex Nessel) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus niligaricus (Spring) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus nudus (Christ ex Nessel & Hoehne) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus nummularifolius (Blume) Ching
• Phlegmariurus nutans (Brack.) W.H.Wagner
• Phlegmariurus nyalamensis (Ching & S.K.Wu) H.S.Kung & L.B.Zhang
• Phlegmariurus obovalifolius (Bonap.) A.R.Field & Testo
• Phlegmariurus obtusifolius (P.Beauv.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus ocananus (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus oceanianus (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus oellgaardii (A.Rojas) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus oltmannsii (Herter ex Nessel) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus ophioglossoides (Lam.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus orizabae (Underw. & F.E.Lloyd) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus ovatifolius (Ching) W.M.Chu ex H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang
• Phlegmariurus pachyphyllus (Kuhn ex Herter) A.R.Field & Testo
• Phlegmariurus pachyskelos B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus parksii (Copel.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus patentissimus (Alderw.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus pecten (Baker) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus perrierianus (Tardieu) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus pflanzii (Nessel) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus phlegmaria (L.) Holub
• Phlegmariurus phlegmarioides (Gaudich.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus phylicifolius (Desv. ex Poir.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus phyllanthus (Hook. & Arn.) R.D.Dixit
• Phlegmariurus picardae (Krug) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus pichianus (Tardieu) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus pinifolius (Trevis.) Kiew
• Phlegmariurus pithyoides (Schltdl. & Cham.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus pittieri (Christ) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus podocarpensis B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus polycarpos (Kunze) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus polycladus (Sodiro) comb. ined., currently Huperzia polyclada (Sodiro) Rolleri & Deferrari
• Phlegmariurus polydactylus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus polylepidetorum (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus portoricensis (Underw. & F.E.Lloyd) comb. ined., currently Lycopodium portoricense Underw. & F.E.Lloyd
• Phlegmariurus pringlei (Underw. & F.E.Lloyd) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus proliferus (Blume) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus pruinosus (Hieron. & Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus pseudovarius (Brownlie) Rouhan & A.R.Field
• Phlegmariurus pulcherrimus (Hook. & Grev.) Á. & D.Löve
• Phlegmariurus pungentifolius (Silveira) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus quadrifariatus (Bory) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus recurvifolius (Rolleri) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus reflexus (Lam.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus regnellii (Maxon) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus ribourtii (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus riobambensis (Nessel) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus robustus (Klotzsch) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus rosenstockianus (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus rostrifolius (Silveira) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus ruber (Cham. & Schltdl.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus rubricus (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus rufescens (Hook.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus rupicola (Alderw.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus sagasteguianus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus salvinioides (Herter) Ching
• Phlegmariurus samoanus (Herter ex Nessel) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus sarmentosus (Spring) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus saururus (Lam.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus scabridus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus schlechteri (E.Pritz.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus schlimii (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus schmidtchenii (Hieron.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus sellifolius (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus sellowianus (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus serpentiformis (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus setifolius (Alderw.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus shangsiensis C.Y.Yang
• Phlegmariurus shingianus R.H.Jiang & X.C.Zhang
• Phlegmariurus sieberianus (Spring) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus sieboldii (Miq.) Ching
• Phlegmariurus silveirae (Herter ex Nessel & Hoehne) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus silverstonei B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus sintenisii (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus societensis (J.W.Moore) A.R.Field
• Phlegmariurus sooianus Lawalrée
• Phlegmariurus sotae (Rolleri) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus sphagnicola B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus squarrosus (G.Forst.) Á. & D.Löve
• Phlegmariurus staudtii (Nessel) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus stemmermanniae A.C.Medeiros & Wagner
• Phlegmariurus stephani B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus strictus (Baker) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus subfalciformis (Alderw.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus subtubulosus (Herter) comb. ined., currently Huperzia subtubulosa (Herter) Holub
• Phlegmariurus subulatus (Desv. ex Poir.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus tafaensis (Nessel) A.R.Field & C.W.Chen
• Phlegmariurus talamancanus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus talamauanus (Alderw.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus talpiphilus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus tardieuae (Herter) A.R.Field & Testo
• Phlegmariurus tauri (Herter) A.R.Field & Testo
• Phlegmariurus taxifolius (Sm.) Á. & D.Löve
• Phlegmariurus tenuicaulis (Underw. & F.E.Lloyd) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus tenuis (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus terrae-guilelmii (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus tetragonus (Hook. & Grev.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus tetrastichoides (A.R.Field & Bostock) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus tetrastichus (Kunze) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus tico A.Rojas
• Phlegmariurus toppingii (Herter) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus tournayanus Lawalrée
• Phlegmariurus transilla (Sodiro ex Baker) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus treitubensis (Silveira) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus trifoliatus (Copel.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus trigonus (C.Chr.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus tryonorum B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus tubulosus (Maxon) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus ulixis (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus unguiculatus (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus urbanii (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus vanuatuensis A.R.Field
• Phlegmariurus varius (R.Br.) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus venezuelanicus (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus vernicosus (Hook. & Grev.) Á. & D.Löve
• Phlegmariurus villonacensis (B.Øllg.) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus warneckei (Herter ex Nessel) A.R.Field & Testo
• Phlegmariurus watsonianus (Maxon) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus weberbaueri (Nessel) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus weddellii (Herter) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus wilsonii (Underw. & F.E.Lloyd) B.Øllg.
• Phlegmariurus xiphophyllus (Baker) A.R.Field & Bostock
• Phlegmariurus yunfengii R.H.Jiang & X.C.Zhang
• Phlegmariurus yunnanensis Ching

One hybrid is known:^[1]

• Phlegmariurus × koolauensis W.H.Wagner

References

1. Hassler, Michael (19 January 2023), "Phlegmariurus", World Ferns. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World, 14.7 {{citation}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
2. PPG I (2016), "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns", Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 54 (6): 563–603, doi:10.1111/jse.12229, S2CID 39980610
3. "Phlegmariurus (Herter) Holub", The International Plant Names Index, retrieved 2019-10-14
4. Field, Ashley R.; Testo, Weston; Bostock, Peter D.; Holtum, Joseph A. M. & Waycott, Michelle (2016), "Molecular phylogenetics and the morphology of the Lycopodiaceae subfamily Huperzioideae supports three genera: Huperzia, Phlegmariurus and Phylloglossum", Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 94 (Pt B): 635–657, doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.024, PMID 26493224