Peritoneal mesothelioma is the name given to the cancer that attacks the lining of the abdomen. This type of cancer affects the lining that protects the contents of the abdomen and which also provides a lubricating fluid to enable the organs to move and work properly.
Peritoneal mesothelioma
Micrograph of a cytopathology specimen showing mesothelioma. The cytopathologic appearance of mesothelioma in the pleural cavity and peritoneal cavity is not distinguishable.
Symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma include weight loss and abdominal pain and swelling due to a buildup of fluid in the abdomen. Other symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma may include bowel obstruction, blood clotting abnormalities, anemia, and fever. If the cancer has spread beyond the mesothelium to other parts of the body, symptoms may include pain, trouble swallowing, or swelling of the neck or face.[citation needed]
A 1975 study of three small villages in central Cappadocia, Turkey—Tuzköy, Karain and Sarıhıdır—found that peritoneal mesothelioma was causing 50% of all deaths. Initially, this was attributed to erionite, a zeolite mineral with similar properties to asbestos, but detailed epidemiological investigation demonstrated that the substance causes the disease mostly in families with a genetic predisposition to mineral fiber carcinogenesis. The studies are being extended to other parts of the region.[8][9]
Diagnosisedit
Peritoneal mesothelioma has two clinical types which can be differentiated with the help of CT findings, the "dry" type, and the "wet". It is classified as "dry" when there are multiple tiny masses or one dominant localized mass and generally little or no ascites. The "wet" type has widespread small nodules, no dominant mass, and a presence of ascites. If fluid is found, the process of eliminating it is through paracentesis; however, the analysis of this fluid has limited diagnostic significance. Normally, a definitive diagnosis may be obtained through tissue biopsy.[citation needed]
Treatmentedit
Given its rarity, there are no established guidelines for the treatment of peritoneal mesothelioma. The modern approach to malignant peritoneal mesothelioma includes cytoreductive surgery,[10]hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), intraperitonealchemotherapy, and intravenous chemotherapy.[11] These are often used in conjunction and in a complementary fashion, and this multifaceted approach has significantly improved outcomes when compared to intravenous chemotherapy alone. For instance, the reported median survival time for patients with stage IV mesothelioma as reported by the American Cancer Society is 12 months;[12] however, with adequate cytoreduction, intraperitoneal, and intravenous chemotherapy combined, some authors report 10-year survival rates projected at nearly 75%.[13]
Multiple factors have been shown to be significant in predicting the outcome and overall survival. Age greater than 60 at surgery, more overall disease burden (defined as a PCI 2016-09-02 at the Wayback Machine greater than 15), complete cytoreduction (no visible disease), and epithelioid subtype pathology have all been shown to be predictors of both mortality and disease progression.[11] These known predictors notwithstanding, many patients with advanced peritoneal mesothelioma are still surgical candidates, and even patients with the highest possible score on the peritoneal carcinomatosis index (39) can be completely reduced to a PCI of 0 with adequate surgery.[14]
^. Archived from the original on 2010-01-14. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
^U.S. National Institutes of Health - National Cancer Institute Fact Sheet 2010-09-06 at the Wayback Machine
^Consensus Report (August 1997). "Asbestos, asbestosis, and cancer: the Helsinki criteria for diagnosis and attribution". Scand J Work Environ Health. 23 (4): 311–6. PMID 9322824.
^Cai SX, Zhang CH, Zhang X, Morinaga K (April 2001). "Epidemiology of occupational asbestos-related diseases in China". Ind Health. 39 (2): 75–83. doi:10.2486/indhealth.39.75. PMID 11341561.
^Boffetta P (June 2007). "Epidemiology of peritoneal mesothelioma: a review". Ann. Oncol. 18 (6): 985–90. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdl345. PMID 17030547.
^Scripcariu V, Dajbog E, Lefter L, et al. (2006). "[Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma]". Chirurgia (Bucur) (in Romanian). 101 (6): 641–6. PMID 17283842.
^Burdorf A, Järvholm B, Siesling S (December 2007). "Asbestos Exposure and differences in occurrence of peritoneal mesothelioma between men and women across countries". Occup Environ Med. 64 (12): 839–842. doi:10.1136/oem.2006.031724. PMC2095382. PMID 17567726.
^Dogan, Umran (2003). "Mesothelioma in Cappadocian villages". Indoor and Built Environment. Ankara: Sage. 12 (6): 367–375. doi:10.1177/1420326X03039065. ISSN 1420-326X. S2CID 110334356.
^Carbone, Michelle; et al. (2007). "A mesothelioma epidemic in Cappadocia: scientific developments and unexpected social outcomes". Nature Reviews Cancer. 7 (2): 147–54. doi:10.1038/nrc2068. ISSN 1474-175X. PMID 17251920. S2CID 9440201.
^. www.surgicaloncology.com. Archived from the original on 2016-09-18. Retrieved 2016-08-16.
^. www.cancer.org. Archived from the original on 2016-11-06. Retrieved 2016-08-16.
^"Effect of long-term intraperitoneal chemotherapy for patients with malignant peritoneal mesothelioma on survival". Journal of Clinical Oncology. ISSN 0732-183X.
^. www.surgicaloncology.com. Archived from the original on 2016-09-02. Retrieved 2016-08-16.
This article includes text from the U.S. National Cancer Institute's public domain Dictionary of Cancer Terms.
Further readingedit
Bridda A, Padoan I, Mencarelli R, Frego M (2007). "Peritoneal Mesothelioma: A Review". MedGenMed. 9 (2): 32. PMC1994863. PMID 17955087.
Malignant mesothelioma entry in the public domain NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms
External linksedit
November 26, 2023
peritoneal, mesothelioma, name, given, cancer, that, attacks, lining, abdomen, this, type, cancer, affects, lining, that, protects, contents, abdomen, which, also, provides, lubricating, fluid, enable, organs, move, work, properly, micrograph, cytopathology, s. Peritoneal mesothelioma is the name given to the cancer that attacks the lining of the abdomen This type of cancer affects the lining that protects the contents of the abdomen and which also provides a lubricating fluid to enable the organs to move and work properly Peritoneal mesotheliomaMicrograph of a cytopathology specimen showing mesothelioma The cytopathologic appearance of mesothelioma in the pleural cavity and peritoneal cavity is not distinguishable SpecialtyOncology The peritoneum is made of two parts the visceral and parietal peritoneum The visceral peritoneum covers the internal organs and makes up most of the outer layer of the intestinal tract Covering the abdominal cavity is the parietal peritoneum Contents 1 Symptoms and signs 2 Causes 3 Diagnosis 4 Treatment 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksSymptoms and signs editSymptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma include weight loss and abdominal pain and swelling due to a buildup of fluid in the abdomen Other symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma may include bowel obstruction blood clotting abnormalities anemia and fever If the cancer has spread beyond the mesothelium to other parts of the body symptoms may include pain trouble swallowing or swelling of the neck or face citation needed Causes editAs for other mesotheliomas asbestos is a known cause of peritoneal mesothelioma in humans 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 excessive citations A 1975 study of three small villages in central Cappadocia Turkey Tuzkoy Karain and Sarihidir found that peritoneal mesothelioma was causing 50 of all deaths Initially this was attributed to erionite a zeolite mineral with similar properties to asbestos but detailed epidemiological investigation demonstrated that the substance causes the disease mostly in families with a genetic predisposition to mineral fiber carcinogenesis The studies are being extended to other parts of the region 8 9 Diagnosis editPeritoneal mesothelioma has two clinical types which can be differentiated with the help of CT findings the dry type and the wet It is classified as dry when there are multiple tiny masses or one dominant localized mass and generally little or no ascites The wet type has widespread small nodules no dominant mass and a presence of ascites If fluid is found the process of eliminating it is through paracentesis however the analysis of this fluid has limited diagnostic significance Normally a definitive diagnosis may be obtained through tissue biopsy citation needed Treatment editGiven its rarity there are no established guidelines for the treatment of peritoneal mesothelioma The modern approach to malignant peritoneal mesothelioma includes cytoreductive surgery 10 hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy HIPEC intraperitoneal chemotherapy and intravenous chemotherapy 11 These are often used in conjunction and in a complementary fashion and this multifaceted approach has significantly improved outcomes when compared to intravenous chemotherapy alone For instance the reported median survival time for patients with stage IV mesothelioma as reported by the American Cancer Society is 12 months 12 however with adequate cytoreduction intraperitoneal and intravenous chemotherapy combined some authors report 10 year survival rates projected at nearly 75 13 Multiple factors have been shown to be significant in predicting the outcome and overall survival Age greater than 60 at surgery more overall disease burden defined as a PCI Archived 2016 09 02 at the Wayback Machine greater than 15 complete cytoreduction no visible disease and epithelioid subtype pathology have all been shown to be predictors of both mortality and disease progression 11 These known predictors notwithstanding many patients with advanced peritoneal mesothelioma are still surgical candidates and even patients with the highest possible score on the peritoneal carcinomatosis index 39 can be completely reduced to a PCI of 0 with adequate surgery 14 See also editAsbestosis Malignant mesothelioma Serous carcinomaReferences edit ATSDR reference page on asbestos Archived from the original on 2010 01 14 Retrieved 2010 04 19 U S National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute Fact Sheet Archived 2010 09 06 at the Wayback Machine Consensus Report August 1997 Asbestos asbestosis and cancer the Helsinki criteria for diagnosis and attribution Scand J Work Environ Health 23 4 311 6 PMID 9322824 Cai SX Zhang CH Zhang X Morinaga K April 2001 Epidemiology of occupational asbestos related diseases in China Ind Health 39 2 75 83 doi 10 2486 indhealth 39 75 PMID 11341561 Boffetta P June 2007 Epidemiology of peritoneal mesothelioma a review Ann Oncol 18 6 985 90 doi 10 1093 annonc mdl345 PMID 17030547 Scripcariu V Dajbog E Lefter L et al 2006 Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma Chirurgia Bucur in Romanian 101 6 641 6 PMID 17283842 Burdorf A Jarvholm B Siesling S December 2007 Asbestos Exposure and differences in occurrence of peritoneal mesothelioma between men and women across countries Occup Environ Med 64 12 839 842 doi 10 1136 oem 2006 031724 PMC 2095382 PMID 17567726 Dogan Umran 2003 Mesothelioma in Cappadocian villages Indoor and Built Environment Ankara Sage 12 6 367 375 doi 10 1177 1420326X03039065 ISSN 1420 326X S2CID 110334356 Carbone Michelle et al 2007 A mesothelioma epidemic in Cappadocia scientific developments and unexpected social outcomes Nature Reviews Cancer 7 2 147 54 doi 10 1038 nrc2068 ISSN 1474 175X PMID 17251920 S2CID 9440201 gpm cyto www surgicaloncology com Archived from the original on 2016 09 18 Retrieved 2016 08 16 a b Magge Deepa Zenati Mazen S Austin Frances Mavanur Arun Sathaiah Magesh Ramalingam Lekshmi Jones Heather Zureikat Amer H Holtzman Matthew 2014 04 01 Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma prognostic factors and oncologic outcome analysis Annals of Surgical Oncology 21 4 1159 1165 doi 10 1245 s10434 013 3358 y ISSN 1534 4681 PMC 4100549 PMID 24322529 Survival statistics for mesothelioma www cancer org Archived from the original on 2016 11 06 Retrieved 2016 08 16 Effect of long term intraperitoneal chemotherapy for patients with malignant peritoneal mesothelioma on survival Journal of Clinical Oncology ISSN 0732 183X Current Indications www surgicaloncology com Archived from the original on 2016 09 02 Retrieved 2016 08 16 This article includes text from the U S National Cancer Institute s public domain Dictionary of Cancer Terms Further reading editBridda A Padoan I Mencarelli R Frego M 2007 Peritoneal Mesothelioma A Review MedGenMed 9 2 32 PMC 1994863 PMID 17955087 Malignant mesothelioma entry in the public domain NCI Dictionary of Cancer TermsExternal links edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Peritoneal mesothelioma amp oldid 1179715211, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
