Petrus Martinez de Osma

Petrus Martinez de Osma (Spanish: Pedro Martínez de Osma) (died 1480) was a Spanish theologian and philosopher, known for his views on indulgences, which he retracted at the end of his life.

Life

He graduated M.A. at the University of Salamanca in 1457. He was professor of theology there from 1463.^[1] A follower of Alonso el Madrigal (el Tostado), from 1476 he defended theses on indulgences and confession resembling those of John Wyclif and Jan Hus, and anticipating issues from the Protestant Reformation. Among his pupils was Antonio de Nebrija.^[2]

The views of Martinez encountered opposition, particularly from Juan López de Salamanca.^[3] In 1478, as the Spanish Inquisition was being instituted, the Inquisition of Saragossa passed judgement, Martinez was summoned in 1479 before Alfonso Carillo de Acuña, archbishop of Toledo, and other theologians. His ideas were declared heretical, a judgement backed by a papal bull of Pope Sixtus IV.^[4][5] After his views were condemned, the book De confessione, written by Martinez on the occasion of the plenary indulgence of 1475, was burned; and he submitted.^[6][7]

Martinez died at Alba de Tormes in April 1480.^[2]

Works

In Martinez Thomism was combined with Renaissance humanism; he opposed the philosophical style of nominalism. He wrote commentaries on ethics and metaphysics.^[8] Martinez, through also his follower Diego de Deza, reformed the Salamanca syllabus to include Aristotelian physics and metaphysics, and influenced teaching at Seville.^[9]

• Ricardo García Villoslada - Bernardino Llorca, Historia de la Iglesia Católica, vol. III: Edad Nueva, BAC, Madrid 2005, ISBN 84-7914-394-0
• Santiago-Otero, Horacio y Reinhardt, Klaus, Pedro Martínez de Osma y el método teológico: edición de varios escritos inéditos, CSIC, Madrid-Soria 1987
• Santiago Galán, El tratado musical de Pedro Martínez de Osma, un testimonio recuperado del siglo XV, Cuadernos de música iberoamericana, 30, 2017, ISSN 1136-5536

Notes

1. Friedrich Stegmüller (1950). Repertorium Biblicum Medii Aevi (in Latin). Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto Francisco Suárez. p. 340. ISBN 978-84-00-06980-3. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
2. Collectif (1 January 1993). Atalaya. Revue française d'études médiévales hispaniques, n°2/automne 1991: Écrits et lectures au Moyen Âge. Espagne, France, Italie (in French). Presses Sorbonne Nouvelle. p. 172. ISBN 978-2-87854-028-4. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
3. Gerard Albert Wiegers (1994). Islamic Literature in Spanish and Aljamiado: Yça of Segovia (fl. 1450), His Antecendents and Successors. BRILL. p. 219. ISBN 978-90-04-09936-4. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
4. Ana Chaguaceda Toledano, ed. (2005). Miguel de Unamuno. Estudios sobre su obra. II (in Spanish). Universidad de Salamanca. pp. 49–. ISBN 978-84-7800-592-5. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
5. Luis Enrique; et al. (2006). Historia de la Universidad de Salamanca. Volumen III:Saberes y confluencias (in Spanish). Universidad de Salamanca. p. 192. ISBN 978-84-7800-118-7. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
6. Joseph F. O'Callaghan (1975). A History of Medieval Spain. Cornell University Press. p. 634. ISBN 978-0-8014-9264-8. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
7. Horacio Santiago-Otero (1988). Fé y cultura en la Edad Media (in French). CSIC-Dpto. de Publicaciones. p. 279. ISBN 978-84-00-06852-3. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
8. John Marenbon (14 June 2012). The Oxford Handbook of Medieval Philosophy. Oxford University Press. p. 233. ISBN 978-0-19-537948-8. Retrieved 3 August 2012.
9. Luis M. Girón-Negrón (2001). Alfonso de la Torre's Visión Deleytable: Philosophical Rationalism and the Religious Imagination in 15th Century Spain. BRILL. p. 7. ISBN 978-90-04-11957-4. Retrieved 3 August 2012.

External links

• CERL page