Paul (Louis-Toussaint) Héroult (10 April 1863 – 9 May 1914) was a French scientist. He was one of the inventors of the Hall-Héroult process for smelting aluminium, and developed the first successful commercial electric arc furnace.[1] He lived in Thury-Harcourt, Normandy.
Paul Héroult read Henri Sainte-Claire Deville's treatise on aluminium, when he was 15 years old. At that time, aluminium was as expensive as silver and was used mostly for luxury items and jewellery. Héroult wanted to make it cheaper. He succeeded in doing so when he discovered the electrolytic aluminium process in 1886.[2] The same year, in the United States, Charles Martin Hall (1863–1914) was discovering the same process. Because of this, the process was called the Hall–Heroult process.
Héroult's second most important contribution is the first commercially successful electric arc furnace (EAF) for steel in 1900. The Héroult furnace gradually replaced the giant smelters for the production of a variety of steels.[1] In 1905, Paul Héroult was invited to the United States as a technical adviser to several companies, and in particular to the United States Steel Corporation and the Halcomb Steel Company. Halcomb installed the first Héroult furnace in the US.[1]
The invention of the electric arc furnace probably began when Humphry Davy discovered the carbon arc in 1800. Then in 1878 Carl Wilhelm Siemens patented, constructed and operated both direct and indirect EAFs. Commercial use still needed to wait for larger supplies of electricity and better carbon electrodes.[1]
Paul Héroult is renowned for other major inventions, among them a self-supporting conduit still used to bring water down from mountain heights and across rivers to hydraulic power plants, avoiding the need to build expensive bridges.
Paul Héroult had none of the attributes of the traditional scholar. He was highstrung, unruly, occasionally hard and insolent; he did not fit the image of wise, disciplined men of science. He loved games, the company of women, travels by land and sea; he was a free spirit in an impetuous body. No comparison with the austere scientist, struggling with stubborn mysteries. His discoveries were not the result of long sleepless nights spent in a laboratory, or of complicated scientific demonstrations. Héroult loved life, and could not have borne such restrictions. Instead, his inventions appeared suddenly, out of the blue, a stroke of common sense, or of genius, sometimes during a lively game of billiards, his favorite pastime.
Héroult's death on 9 May 1914 followed his reaching the age of 51 by twenty-nine days.
Footnotes and referencesedit
^ abcdFruehan, Richard J., editor; 20+ authors. "The Making, Shaping and Treating of Steel". Scribd.com. AISE Steel Foundation, Pittsburgh, PA. Retrieved August 8, 2014. {{cite web}}: |last1= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^Héroult, Paul ; French patent no. 175,711 (filed: 23 April 1886 ; issued: 1 September 1886).
^Christian Bickert, A representative in the U.S. for the company Pechiney, New Orleans, 1986
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Michel Caron, Paul Héroult (1863-1914): un grand inventeur original, La Vie des Sciences, Comptes Rendus, t.5, no. 1, pp.39-57
April 11, 2024
paul, héroult, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, this, article, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jsto. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this article Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Paul Heroult news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2007 Learn how and when to remove this template message Paul Louis Toussaint Heroult 10 April 1863 9 May 1914 was a French scientist He was one of the inventors of the Hall Heroult process for smelting aluminium and developed the first successful commercial electric arc furnace 1 He lived in Thury Harcourt Normandy Paul L T HeroultPaul L T HeroultBorn10 April 1863Thury HarcourtDied9 May 1914 1914 05 10 aged 51 AntibesNationalityFrenchKnown forAluminium electrolysisBust of Heroult in Thury Harcourt Contents 1 Life and career 2 Footnotes and references 3 See also 4 External linksLife and career editPaul Heroult read Henri Sainte Claire Deville s treatise on aluminium when he was 15 years old At that time aluminium was as expensive as silver and was used mostly for luxury items and jewellery Heroult wanted to make it cheaper He succeeded in doing so when he discovered the electrolytic aluminium process in 1886 2 The same year in the United States Charles Martin Hall 1863 1914 was discovering the same process Because of this the process was called the Hall Heroult process Heroult s second most important contribution is the first commercially successful electric arc furnace EAF for steel in 1900 The Heroult furnace gradually replaced the giant smelters for the production of a variety of steels 1 In 1905 Paul Heroult was invited to the United States as a technical adviser to several companies and in particular to the United States Steel Corporation and the Halcomb Steel Company Halcomb installed the first Heroult furnace in the US 1 The invention of the electric arc furnace probably began when Humphry Davy discovered the carbon arc in 1800 Then in 1878 Carl Wilhelm Siemens patented constructed and operated both direct and indirect EAFs Commercial use still needed to wait for larger supplies of electricity and better carbon electrodes 1 Paul Heroult is renowned for other major inventions among them a self supporting conduit still used to bring water down from mountain heights and across rivers to hydraulic power plants avoiding the need to build expensive bridges Christian Bickert said of him 3 Paul Heroult had none of the attributes of the traditional scholar He was highstrung unruly occasionally hard and insolent he did not fit the image of wise disciplined men of science He loved games the company of women travels by land and sea he was a free spirit in an impetuous body No comparison with the austere scientist struggling with stubborn mysteries His discoveries were not the result of long sleepless nights spent in a laboratory or of complicated scientific demonstrations Heroult loved life and could not have borne such restrictions Instead his inventions appeared suddenly out of the blue a stroke of common sense or of genius sometimes during a lively game of billiards his favorite pastime Heroult s death on 9 May 1914 followed his reaching the age of 51 by twenty nine days Footnotes and references edit a b c d Fruehan Richard J editor 20 authors The Making Shaping and Treating of Steel Scribd com AISE Steel Foundation Pittsburgh PA Retrieved August 8 2014 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a last1 has generic name help CS1 maint multiple names authors list link CS1 maint numeric names authors list link Heroult Paul French patent no 175 711 filed 23 April 1886 issued 1 September 1886 Christian Bickert A representative in the U S for the company Pechiney New Orleans 1986See also editCrucible Industries Halcomb merged into Crucible in 1900 Methods of steel production Metallurgy cementation process Crucible steel processes Open hearth furnace process the Siemens Martin process Steel industry Crucible steel Blast furnace Steel mill or Steelworks History of aluminium nbsp 1905 Heroult electric arc DC furnace nbsp 1905 Heroult electric arc DC furnaceExternal links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Paul Heroult Images and history at pagesperso orange fr Michel Caron Paul Heroult 1863 1914 un grand inventeur original La Vie des Sciences Comptes Rendus t 5 no 1 pp 39 57 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Paul Heroult amp oldid 1216594056, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
