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Patrick O'Donoghue (Young Irelander)

January 01, 1970

For other people with the same name, see Patrick O'Donoghue.

Patrick O'Donoghue (1810–1854), also known as Patrick O'Donohoe or O'Donoghoe, from Clonegal, County Carlow, was an Irish Nationalist revolutionary and journalist, a member of the Young Ireland movement.

Patrick O'Donoghue

Early life edit

 
Plaque on O'Donohoe's birthplace, Clonegal.

Born to a peasant family in County Carlow, O'Donoghue was self educated. He managed to gain a place at Trinity College Dublin.[1] He worked as a Law Clerk in Dublin.

Young Irelander Rebellion edit

In the aftermath of the failed Young Irelander Rebellion at Ballingarry, County Tipperary, in July 1848, he was placed in October 1848 before a British 'Special Commission' at Clonmel in County Tipperary and sentenced to death for treason. As with other prominent Young Irelanders, this was later commuted to transportation for life to the penal colony at Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania).

Transportation to Van Diemen's Land edit

 
Trial of the Irish patriots at Clonmel. Thomas Francis Meagher, Terence MacManus, and Patrick O'Donoghue receiving their sentence of death.

In 1849 O'Donoghue, together with William Smith O'Brien, Terence MacManus, Thomas Francis Meagher and many others were on board the prisoner transport ship the Swift for a six-month, 14,000-mile journey under difficult conditions which some fellow prisoners did not survive.[2]

On 26 January 1850, "Using materials he had begged and borrowed" as one account gives it,[citation needed] Patrick O'Donoghue started publishing in Hobart Town a weekly newspaper named The Irish Exile, aimed mainly at fellow Irish prisoners and deportees and considered to be the first Irish Nationalist paper to be published in Australia.[3][4]

The paper featured Irish ballads and poetry, articles about Irish history, and a regular column by John Martin reporting on the situation of the Repeal Movement (campaigning to repeal the Act of Union under which the Irish Parliament had been abolished). There were also local news of the Irish deportee community, then numbering in the thousands, and of Hobart Town daily life in general.

O'Donoghue used The Irish Exile to publish excerpts of his journal aboard The Swift, which were reprinted in Australian, British and Irish newspapers.[3][5] Brisbane's The Moreton Bay Courier (reprinted from Dublin's The Nation) found that the journal "will show how severely the tyrannical government of England visited the offences of the Ballingarry cabbage-tree heroes. The studies of Messrs. O'Brien, Meagher (afterwards O'), and O'Donoghoe, will amuse the reader".[5] While in Van Diemen's Land, the Launceston Examiner reprinted London's The Examiner's view that "a singularly large amount of mercy has been shown to those grown-up children who made the escapade from Dublin to raise the standard of Irish rebellion at Ballingarry. One of the worthies, Mr. Patrick O'Donoghue, has published an account of his deportation; and certainly a more pleasureable [sic] voyage could not have been under taken at the expanse of government. A roomy cabin, a capital library, a fair dinner, with a couple of glasses of wine, and cigars upon deck, from the dietary and the entertainment of the political exiles".[3]

Publication of the paper was not in itself illegal, but was highly displeasing to the Governor, Sir William Denison, who found that the paper could be suppressed by arresting O'Donoghue and charging him with having "left his allocated district". He was sentenced to one year's work in a chain-gang – a time spent at hard labour, living in a convict station and wearing a convict uniform, mainly in the company of non-political prisoners such as "rapists, muggers and thieves".

In March 1851 he was released and taken back to Hobart Town. Undeterred, he immediately restarted his paper, prominently featuring an extensive personal account of his year with the chain gang. The governor reacted by sending him again to a chain gang, at a more distant location this time – the Cascades Penal Station. Three months later the governor ordered him released from there and sent to Launceston.

On the way there, he succeeded in escaping from his guards with the help of fellow-prisoners, who managed to smuggle him on board the ship Yarra Yara, on its way to Melbourne.

Escape to America edit

There, he successfully hid from the British authorities (who may have been tacitly happy to see the last of him) and with further help from Irish sympathisers managed to get to San Francisco, where some of his fellows such as MacManus and Meagher also ended up.

He died in New York City on 22 January 1854, shortly before the arrival of his wife on a ship from Ireland. The time spent in the chain gang may have contributed to undermining his health. The other escaped state prisoners did not attend his funeral, although Michael Doheny and Michael Cavanagh, fellow Young Irelanders who lived in New York, did. Christine Kinealy, 'Repeal and Revolution. 1848 in Ireland', Manchester University Press, 2009.

The local Sinn Féin Cumman (branch of a political party) in Carlow is named after O'Donoghue.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Nine Fine Irishmen Ballingarry History
  2. ^ "A Conspirator's Journal". Launceston Examiner. National Library of Australia. 25 May 1850. p. 4 Edition: Morning. Retrieved 28 February 2013.
  3. ^ a b c "Old and Young Ireland Again". The Examiner. Launceston. Tasmania: National Library of Australia. 22 May 1850. p. 4 Edition: Morning. Retrieved 24 February 2013.
  4. ^ "Important from Van Diemen's Land". South Australian Register. Adelaide: National Library of Australia. 2 March 1850. p. 2. Retrieved 24 February 2013.
  5. ^ a b "Frightful Tyranny of the British Government – The Case of Mr. Patrick O'Donoghue". The Moreton Bay Courier. Brisbane: National Library of Australia. 11 May 1850. p. 4. Retrieved 28 February 2013.

Further reading edit

  • The Politics of Irish Literature: from Thomas Davis to W.B. Yeats, Malcolm Brown, Allen & Unwin, 1973.
  • John Mitchel, A Cause Too Many, Aidan Hegarty, Camlane Press.
  • Thomas Davis, The Thinker and Teacher, Arthur Griffith, M. H. Gill & Son 1922.
  • Brigadier-General Thomas Francis Meagher His Political and Military Career, Capt. W. F. Lyons, Burns Oates & Washbourne Limited 1869
  • Young Ireland and 1848, Dennis Gwynn, Cork University Press 1949.
  • Daniel O'Connell The Irish Liberator, Dennis Gwynn, Hutchinson & Co, Ltd.
  • O'Connell Davis and the Colleges Bill, Dennis Gwynn, Cork University Press 1948.
  • Smith O’Brien And The "Secession", Dennis Gwynn, Cork University Press
  • Meagher of The Sword, edited By Arthur Griffith, M. H. Gill & Son, Ltd. 1916.
  • Repeal and Revolution. 1848 in Ireland, Christine Kinealy, Manchester University Press, 2009).
  • Young Irelander Abroad The Diary of Charles Hart, edited by Brendan O'Cathaoir, University Press.
  • John Mitchel First Felon for Ireland, Edited By Brian O'Higgins, Brian O'Higgins 1947.
  • Rossa's Recollections 1838 to 1898, Intro by Sean O'Luing, The Lyons Press 2004.
  • Labour in Ireland, James Connolly, Fleet Street 1910.
  • The Re-Conquest of Ireland, James Connolly,Fleet Street 1915.
  • John Mitchel Noted Irish Lives, Louis J. Walsh, The Talbot Press Ltd 1934.
  • Thomas Davis: Essays and Poems, Centenary Memoir, M. H. Gill, M.H. Gill & Son, Ltd MCMXLV.
  • Life of John Martin, P. A. Sillard,James Duffy & Co., Ltd 1901.
  • Life of John Mitchel, P. A. Sillard, James Duffy and Co., Ltd 1908.
  • John Mitchel, P. S. O'Hegarty, Maunsel & Company, Ltd 1917.
  • The Fenians in Context Irish Politics & Society 1848-82, R. V. Comerford, Wolfhound Press 1998
  • William Smith O'Brien and the Young Ireland Rebellion of 1848, Robert Sloan, Four Courts Press 2000
  • Irish Mitchel, Seamus MacCall, Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd 1938.
  • Ireland Her Own, T. A. Jackson, Lawrence & Wishart Ltd 1976.
  • Life and Times of Daniel O'Connell, T. C. Luby,Cameron & Ferguson.
  • Young Ireland, T. F. O'Sullivan, The Kerryman Ltd. 1945.
  • Irish Rebel John Devoy and America's Fight for Irish Freedom, Terry Golway, St. Martin's Griffin 1998.
  • Paddy's Lament Ireland 1846–1847 Prelude to Hatred, Thomas Gallagher,Poolbeg 1994.
  • The Great Shame, Thomas Keneally, Anchor Books 1999.
  • James Fintan Lalor, Thomas, P. O'Neill, Golden Publications 2003.
  • Charles Gavan Duffy: Conversations With Carlyle (1892), with Introduction, "Stray Thoughts on Young Ireland", by Brendan Clifford, Athol Books, Belfast, ISBN 0-85034-114-0. (Pg. 32 Titled, Foster's account of Young Ireland.)
  • Envoi, Taking Leave of Roy Foster, by Brendan Clifford and Julianne Herlihy, Aubane Historical Society, Cork.
  • The Falcon Family, or, Young Ireland, by M. W. Savage, London, 1845. () Quinnipiac University

January 01, 1970
patrick, donoghue, young, irelander, other, people, with, same, name, patrick, donoghue, patrick, donoghue, 1810, 1854, also, known, patrick, donohoe, donoghoe, from, clonegal, county, carlow, irish, nationalist, revolutionary, journalist, member, young, irela. For other people with the same name see Patrick O Donoghue Patrick O Donoghue 1810 1854 also known as Patrick O Donohoe or O Donoghoe from Clonegal County Carlow was an Irish Nationalist revolutionary and journalist a member of the Young Ireland movement Patrick O Donoghue Contents 1 Early life 2 Young Irelander Rebellion 3 Transportation to Van Diemen s Land 4 Escape to America 5 See also 6 References 7 Further readingEarly life edit nbsp Plaque on O Donohoe s birthplace Clonegal Born to a peasant family in County Carlow O Donoghue was self educated He managed to gain a place at Trinity College Dublin 1 He worked as a Law Clerk in Dublin Young Irelander Rebellion editIn the aftermath of the failed Young Irelander Rebellion at Ballingarry County Tipperary in July 1848 he was placed in October 1848 before a British Special Commission at Clonmel in County Tipperary and sentenced to death for treason As with other prominent Young Irelanders this was later commuted to transportation for life to the penal colony at Van Diemen s Land Tasmania Transportation to Van Diemen s Land edit nbsp Trial of the Irish patriots at Clonmel Thomas Francis Meagher Terence MacManus and Patrick O Donoghue receiving their sentence of death In 1849 O Donoghue together with William Smith O Brien Terence MacManus Thomas Francis Meagher and many others were on board the prisoner transport ship the Swift for a six month 14 000 mile journey under difficult conditions which some fellow prisoners did not survive 2 On 26 January 1850 Using materials he had begged and borrowed as one account gives it citation needed Patrick O Donoghue started publishing in Hobart Town a weekly newspaper named The Irish Exile aimed mainly at fellow Irish prisoners and deportees and considered to be the first Irish Nationalist paper to be published in Australia 3 4 The paper featured Irish ballads and poetry articles about Irish history and a regular column by John Martin reporting on the situation of the Repeal Movement campaigning to repeal the Act of Union under which the Irish Parliament had been abolished There were also local news of the Irish deportee community then numbering in the thousands and of Hobart Town daily life in general O Donoghue used The Irish Exile to publish excerpts of his journal aboard The Swift which were reprinted in Australian British and Irish newspapers 3 5 Brisbane s The Moreton Bay Courier reprinted from Dublin s The Nation found that the journal will show how severely the tyrannical government of England visited the offences of the Ballingarry cabbage tree heroes The studies of Messrs O Brien Meagher afterwards O and O Donoghoe will amuse the reader 5 While in Van Diemen s Land the Launceston Examiner reprinted London s The Examiner s view that a singularly large amount of mercy has been shown to those grown up children who made the escapade from Dublin to raise the standard of Irish rebellion at Ballingarry One of the worthies Mr Patrick O Donoghue has published an account of his deportation and certainly a more pleasureable sic voyage could not have been under taken at the expanse of government A roomy cabin a capital library a fair dinner with a couple of glasses of wine and cigars upon deck from the dietary and the entertainment of the political exiles 3 Publication of the paper was not in itself illegal but was highly displeasing to the Governor Sir William Denison who found that the paper could be suppressed by arresting O Donoghue and charging him with having left his allocated district He was sentenced to one year s work in a chain gang a time spent at hard labour living in a convict station and wearing a convict uniform mainly in the company of non political prisoners such as rapists muggers and thieves In March 1851 he was released and taken back to Hobart Town Undeterred he immediately restarted his paper prominently featuring an extensive personal account of his year with the chain gang The governor reacted by sending him again to a chain gang at a more distant location this time the Cascades Penal Station Three months later the governor ordered him released from there and sent to Launceston On the way there he succeeded in escaping from his guards with the help of fellow prisoners who managed to smuggle him on board the ship Yarra Yara on its way to Melbourne Escape to America editThere he successfully hid from the British authorities who may have been tacitly happy to see the last of him and with further help from Irish sympathisers managed to get to San Francisco where some of his fellows such as MacManus and Meagher also ended up He died in New York City on 22 January 1854 shortly before the arrival of his wife on a ship from Ireland The time spent in the chain gang may have contributed to undermining his health The other escaped state prisoners did not attend his funeral although Michael Doheny and Michael Cavanagh fellow Young Irelanders who lived in New York did Christine Kinealy Repeal and Revolution 1848 in Ireland Manchester University Press 2009 The local Sinn Fein Cumman branch of a political party in Carlow is named after O Donoghue See also editList of convicts transported to AustraliaReferences edit Nine Fine Irishmen Ballingarry History A Conspirator s Journal Launceston Examiner National Library of Australia 25 May 1850 p 4 Edition Morning Retrieved 28 February 2013 a b c Old and Young Ireland Again The Examiner Launceston Tasmania National Library of Australia 22 May 1850 p 4 Edition Morning Retrieved 24 February 2013 Important from Van Diemen s Land South Australian Register Adelaide National Library of Australia 2 March 1850 p 2 Retrieved 24 February 2013 a b Frightful Tyranny of the British Government The Case of Mr Patrick O Donoghue The Moreton Bay Courier Brisbane National Library of Australia 11 May 1850 p 4 Retrieved 28 February 2013 Further reading editThe Politics of Irish Literature from Thomas Davis to W B Yeats Malcolm Brown Allen amp Unwin 1973 John Mitchel A Cause Too Many Aidan Hegarty Camlane Press Thomas Davis The Thinker and Teacher Arthur Griffith M H Gill amp Son 1922 Brigadier General Thomas Francis Meagher His Political and Military Career Capt W F Lyons Burns Oates amp Washbourne Limited 1869 Young Ireland and 1848 Dennis Gwynn Cork University Press 1949 Daniel O Connell The Irish Liberator Dennis Gwynn Hutchinson amp Co Ltd O Connell Davis and the Colleges Bill Dennis Gwynn Cork University Press 1948 Smith O Brien And The Secession Dennis Gwynn Cork University Press Meagher of The Sword edited By Arthur Griffith M H Gill amp Son Ltd 1916 Repeal and Revolution 1848 in Ireland Christine Kinealy Manchester University Press 2009 Young Irelander Abroad The Diary of Charles Hart edited by Brendan O Cathaoir University Press John Mitchel First Felon for Ireland Edited By Brian O Higgins Brian O Higgins 1947 Rossa s Recollections 1838 to 1898 Intro by Sean O Luing The Lyons Press 2004 Labour in Ireland James Connolly Fleet Street 1910 The Re Conquest of Ireland James Connolly Fleet Street 1915 John Mitchel Noted Irish Lives Louis J Walsh The Talbot Press Ltd 1934 Thomas Davis Essays and Poems Centenary Memoir M H Gill M H Gill amp Son Ltd MCMXLV Life of John Martin P A Sillard James Duffy amp Co Ltd 1901 Life of John Mitchel P A Sillard James Duffy and Co Ltd 1908 John Mitchel P S O Hegarty Maunsel amp Company Ltd 1917 The Fenians in Context Irish Politics amp Society 1848 82 R V Comerford Wolfhound Press 1998 William Smith O Brien and the Young Ireland Rebellion of 1848 Robert Sloan Four Courts Press 2000 Irish Mitchel Seamus MacCall Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd 1938 Ireland Her Own T A Jackson Lawrence amp Wishart Ltd 1976 Life and Times of Daniel O Connell T C Luby Cameron amp Ferguson Young Ireland T F O Sullivan The Kerryman Ltd 1945 Irish Rebel John Devoy and America s Fight for Irish Freedom Terry Golway St Martin s Griffin 1998 Paddy s Lament Ireland 1846 1847 Prelude to Hatred Thomas Gallagher Poolbeg 1994 The Great Shame Thomas Keneally Anchor Books 1999 James Fintan Lalor Thomas P O Neill Golden Publications 2003 Charles Gavan Duffy Conversations With Carlyle 1892 with Introduction Stray Thoughts on Young Ireland by Brendan Clifford Athol Books Belfast ISBN 0 85034 114 0 Pg 32 Titled Foster s account of Young Ireland Envoi Taking Leave of Roy Foster by Brendan Clifford and Julianne Herlihy Aubane Historical Society Cork The Falcon Family or Young Ireland by M W Savage London 1845 An Gorta Mor Quinnipiac University Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Patrick O 27Donoghue Young Irelander amp oldid 1158539789, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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