The parasitophorous vacuole (PV) is a structure produced by apicomplexanparasites in the cells of its host. The PV allows the parasite to develop while protected from the phagolysosomes of the host cell.[1]
Toxoplasma gondii in a bar-shouldered dove, lung. Two tachyzoites enclosed in a parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (pvm). Note conoid (co), micronemes (mn), rhoptries (ro) with honey-combed contents, and a nucleus (nu) in each tachyzoite. The parasitophorous vacuole has membranous tubules. Transmission electron microscopy.
The PV is a bubble-like compartment made of plasma membrane; the compartment contains cytoplasm and the parasite. The PV allows the parasite to exist and grow within the cell while protecting the parasite from the host cell defense mechanisms. The PV prevents the acidification of the compartment, the mechanism by which the lysosomes of the host cell would normally destroy an invading parasite.[1] Parasites that form a parasitophorous vacuole as part of their infection process include Plasmodium falciparum, which causes malaria and Toxoplasma gondii, which causes toxoplasmosis.
The parasitophorous vacuole is formed during cell invasion, when the parasite uses part of the membrane of the host cell to form a parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM). The PVM surrounds the intracellular parasite, creating a separate bubble of cytoplasm-filled plasma membrane within the host cell. The rhoptry and the microneme, special secretory organelles found in apicomplexan parasites, play a major role in the formation of the vacuole.[2][3] The PVM is extensively re-modelled by parasitic proteins.[4] One theory is that the microneme works with the rhoptry and the rhoptry secretes proteins to create the PVM, while the microneme binds to the surface of red blood cells, allowing the parasite to more easily enter into the cell.[5]
The PV is not a true vacuole, but resembles one under the microscope.[5]
Referencesedit
^ abLaliberté, J.; Carruthers, V. B. (2008). "Host cell manipulation by the human pathogen Toxoplasma gondii". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 65 (12): 1900–1915. doi:10.1007/s00018-008-7556-x. ISSN 1420-682X. PMC2662853. PMID 18327664.
^Kemp LE, Yamamoto M, Soldati-Favre D (2013). "Subversion of host cellular functions by the apicomplexan parasites". FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 37 (4): 607–31. doi:10.1111/1574-6976.12013. PMID 23186105.
^Richard, D; et al. (March 2009). "Identification of rhoptry trafficking determinants and evidence for a novel sorting mechanism in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum". PLOS Pathogens. 5 (3): e1000328. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000328. PMC2648313. PMID 19266084.
^Burda, Paul-Christian; et al. (28 February 2018). "BioID Reveals Novel Proteins of the Plasmodium Parasitophorous Vacuole Membrane". mSphere. 3 (1): e00522–17. doi:10.1128/mSphere.00522-17. PMC5784244. PMID 29404413.
^ abLingelbach K, Joiner KA (1998). "The parasitophorous vacuole membrane surrounding Plasmodium and Toxoplasma: an unusual compartment in infected cells". J. Cell Sci. 111 (11): 1467–75. doi:10.1242/jcs.111.11.1467. PMID 9580555.
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parasitophorous, vacuole, this, article, technical, most, readers, understand, please, help, improve, make, understandable, experts, without, removing, technical, details, july, 2015, learn, when, remove, this, template, message, parasitophorous, vacuole, stru. This article may be too technical for most readers to understand Please help improve it to make it understandable to non experts without removing the technical details July 2015 Learn how and when to remove this template message The parasitophorous vacuole PV is a structure produced by apicomplexan parasites in the cells of its host The PV allows the parasite to develop while protected from the phagolysosomes of the host cell 1 Toxoplasma gondii in a bar shouldered dove lung Two tachyzoites enclosed in a parasitophorous vacuolar membrane pvm Note conoid co micronemes mn rhoptries ro with honey combed contents and a nucleus nu in each tachyzoite The parasitophorous vacuole has membranous tubules Transmission electron microscopy The PV is a bubble like compartment made of plasma membrane the compartment contains cytoplasm and the parasite The PV allows the parasite to exist and grow within the cell while protecting the parasite from the host cell defense mechanisms The PV prevents the acidification of the compartment the mechanism by which the lysosomes of the host cell would normally destroy an invading parasite 1 Parasites that form a parasitophorous vacuole as part of their infection process include Plasmodium falciparum which causes malaria and Toxoplasma gondii which causes toxoplasmosis The parasitophorous vacuole is formed during cell invasion when the parasite uses part of the membrane of the host cell to form a parasitophorous vacuolar membrane PVM The PVM surrounds the intracellular parasite creating a separate bubble of cytoplasm filled plasma membrane within the host cell The rhoptry and the microneme special secretory organelles found in apicomplexan parasites play a major role in the formation of the vacuole 2 3 The PVM is extensively re modelled by parasitic proteins 4 One theory is that the microneme works with the rhoptry and the rhoptry secretes proteins to create the PVM while the microneme binds to the surface of red blood cells allowing the parasite to more easily enter into the cell 5 The PV is not a true vacuole but resembles one under the microscope 5 References edit a b Laliberte J Carruthers V B 2008 Host cell manipulation by the human pathogen Toxoplasma gondii Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 65 12 1900 1915 doi 10 1007 s00018 008 7556 x ISSN 1420 682X PMC 2662853 PMID 18327664 Kemp LE Yamamoto M Soldati Favre D 2013 Subversion of host cellular functions by the apicomplexan parasites FEMS Microbiol Rev 37 4 607 31 doi 10 1111 1574 6976 12013 PMID 23186105 Richard D et al March 2009 Identification of rhoptry trafficking determinants and evidence for a novel sorting mechanism in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum PLOS Pathogens 5 3 e1000328 doi 10 1371 journal ppat 1000328 PMC 2648313 PMID 19266084 Burda Paul Christian et al 28 February 2018 BioID Reveals Novel Proteins of the Plasmodium Parasitophorous Vacuole Membrane mSphere 3 1 e00522 17 doi 10 1128 mSphere 00522 17 PMC 5784244 PMID 29404413 a b Lingelbach K Joiner KA 1998 The parasitophorous vacuole membrane surrounding Plasmodium and Toxoplasma an unusual compartment in infected cells J Cell Sci 111 11 1467 75 doi 10 1242 jcs 111 11 1467 PMID 9580555 nbsp This microbiology related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Parasitophorous vacuole amp oldid 1188075914, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
