Paleostress is a term used in geology (specifically in the fields of structural geology and tectonics) to indicate mechanical stress that has affected rock formations in the geological past.
In practice, a paleostress tensor may be quantified based on the measurement of certain geological structures (e.g. faults), whose specific geometries and spatial organization are theoretically linked to the parameters of the tensor (see paleostress inversion). The latter are quantified through inversion of the structures measured in the field (or potentially on rock samples in the lab).[citation needed]
Paleostress is a subset of mechanical stress within geology. Variations in stress fields within the Earth's crust can result in a variety of mechanical responses:
Faulting (fracturing accompanied by offset of rock bodies on either side of the fracture surface)
Traditionally, deformations (either folding or fracturing—without dissolution) are collectively termed mechanical strain. Both macroscopic and microscopic strain may be elastic, and only exist as long as differential stress exists, or it may be inelastic -- that is the deformation due to a particular stress event remains even after the stress is removed. In the latter case, inelastic deformation, the stress field responsible for the deformation if it can be inferred, is, then, the paleostress. Anderson's classic analysis of faulting serves as a simple application of paleostress analysis in terms of principal components of stress.[1]
Zoback and Zoback's (1986) synthesis of contemporary stress measurements in North America[2] was subsequently expanded to a global study[3] which continues as the World Stress Project.
A number of regional studies of paleostresses has been undertaken, including Europe;[4] North America;[5][6] and Australia.[7]
Referencesedit
^Anderson, E. M., 1951, The Dynamics of Faulting and Dyke Formation, 2nd ed., Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh.
^Zoback, M., et al., 1989, World Stress Project, Nature.
^Bergerat, F., 1987. Stress fields in the European Platform at the time of Africa-Eurasia collision. Tectonics, 6(2): 99-132.
^Bird, P., 2002, Stress direction history of the western United States and Mexico since 85 Ma, Tectonics, VOL. 21, NO. 3, doi:10.1029/2001TC001319, 2002.
^Pilger, R. H., Jr., 2003, Geokinematics: Prelude to Geodynamics, Springer-Verlag, Berlin., 2003)
^Pilger, R. H., Jr. 1982, The origin of hotspot traces: evidence from eastern Australia, J. Geophys. Res., 87(B3), 1825–1834, doi:10.1029/JB087iB03p01825
Aleksandrowski, P. 1985. Graphical determination of principal stress
Sippel, J., 2009, The Paleostress History of the Central European Basin System, Scientific Technical Report STR09/06, Dissertation zur *Erlangung des akademischen Grades doctor rerum naturalium im Fachbereich Geowissenschaften an der Freien Universität Berlin, http://bib.gfz-potsdam.de/pub/str0906/0906.pdf.
January 01, 1970
paleostress, this, article, technical, most, readers, understand, please, help, improve, make, understandable, experts, without, removing, technical, details, january, 2011, learn, when, remove, this, message, term, used, geology, specifically, fields, structu. This article may be too technical for most readers to understand Please help improve it to make it understandable to non experts without removing the technical details January 2011 Learn how and when to remove this message Paleostress is a term used in geology specifically in the fields of structural geology and tectonics to indicate mechanical stress that has affected rock formations in the geological past In practice a paleostress tensor may be quantified based on the measurement of certain geological structures e g faults whose specific geometries and spatial organization are theoretically linked to the parameters of the tensor see paleostress inversion The latter are quantified through inversion of the structures measured in the field or potentially on rock samples in the lab citation needed Paleostress is a subset of mechanical stress within geology Variations in stress fields within the Earth s crust can result in a variety of mechanical responses Microscopic Crystal deformation including twinning Pressure solution Microfractures Aligned fluid inclusions Macroscopic Folding Fracturing Faulting fracturing accompanied by offset of rock bodies on either side of the fracture surface Traditionally deformations either folding or fracturing without dissolution are collectively termed mechanical strain Both macroscopic and microscopic strain may be elastic and only exist as long as differential stress exists or it may be inelastic that is the deformation due to a particular stress event remains even after the stress is removed In the latter case inelastic deformation the stress field responsible for the deformation if it can be inferred is then the paleostress Anderson s classic analysis of faulting serves as a simple application of paleostress analysis in terms of principal components of stress 1 Zoback and Zoback s 1986 synthesis of contemporary stress measurements in North America 2 was subsequently expanded to a global study 3 which continues as the World Stress Project A number of regional studies of paleostresses has been undertaken including Europe 4 North America 5 6 and Australia 7 References edit Anderson E M 1951 The Dynamics of Faulting and Dyke Formation 2nd ed Oliver amp Boyd Edinburgh Zoback M and Zoback M 1986 DNAG volume Zoback M et al 1989 World Stress Project Nature Bergerat F 1987 Stress fields in the European Platform at the time of Africa Eurasia collision Tectonics 6 2 99 132 Bird P 2002 Stress direction history of the western United States and Mexico since 85 Ma Tectonics VOL 21 NO 3 doi 10 1029 2001TC001319 2002 Pilger R H Jr 2003 Geokinematics Prelude to Geodynamics Springer Verlag Berlin 2003 Pilger R H Jr 1982 The origin of hotspot traces evidence from eastern Australia J Geophys Res 87 B3 1825 1834 doi 10 1029 JB087iB03p01825 Aleksandrowski P 1985 Graphical determination of principal stress Pascal C 2021 Paleostress Inversion Techniques Methods and Applications for Tectonics Elsevier 400 p https www elsevier com books paleostress inversion techniques pascal 978 0 12 811910 5 Sippel J 2009 The Paleostress History of the Central European Basin System Scientific Technical Report STR09 06 Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades doctor rerum naturalium im Fachbereich Geowissenschaften an der Freien Universitat Berlin http bib gfz potsdam de pub str0906 0906 pdf Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Paleostress amp oldid 1120093012, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
