The most common side effects include injection site reactions and abdominal pain.[4]
Lumasiran is a double-stranded small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) that reduces levels of glycolate oxidase (GO) enzyme by targeting the HAO1 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in hepatocytes through RNA interference.[9] Decreased GO enzyme levels reduce the amount of available glyoxylate, a substrate for oxalate production.[9] This results in reduction of urinary and plasma oxalate levels, the underlying cause of disease manifestations in people with PH1.[9] As the GO enzyme is upstream of the deficient alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT) enzyme that causes PH1, the mechanism of action of lumasiran is independent of the underlying AGXT gene mutation.[9]
Lumasiran is indicated for the treatment of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) in adults and children of all ages.[6][7]
PH1 is a rare illness that causes the liver to produce an excessive amount of oxalate.[6][7] Oxalate is removed by the kidneys and through the urine.[6] In people with PH1, the extra oxalate can cause kidney stones and kidney failure.[6][7] The extra oxalate can also build up, and damage other parts of the body, including eyes, heart, skin, and bone.[6][7] This is called 'oxalosis'.[6]
History
Lumasiran was evaluated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in two studies of participants with PH1: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in participants six years and older and an open-label study in participants younger than six years (NCT03681184 and NCT03905694).[4][7] Participants ranged in age from four months to 61 years at the first dose.[4] In the first study, 26 participants received a monthly injection of lumasiran followed by a maintenance dose every three months; 13 participants received placebo injections.[4] Neither the patients nor the healthcare providers knew which treatment was being given until after the trial was completed.[7] The primary endpoint was the amount of oxalate measured in the urine over 24 hours.[4][7] In the lumasiran group, participants had, on average, a 65% reduction of oxalate in the urine, compared to an average 12% reduction in the placebo group.[4] By the sixth month of the study, 52% of participants treated with lumasiran reached a normal 24-hour urinary oxalate level; no participants treated with the placebo did.[4] In the second study, 16 participants younger than six years all received lumasiran.[4] Using another measure of oxalate in the urine, the study showed, on average, a 71% decrease in urinary oxalate by the sixth month of the study.[4] The trials were conducted at 25 centers in the United States, Europe, and the Middle East.[7]
The FDA granted the application for lumasiran orphan drug and breakthrough therapy designations.[4] In addition, the manufacturer received a rare pediatric disease priority review voucher.[4] The FDA granted the approval of Oxlumo to Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc.[4]
Society and culture
Legal status
Lumasiran is available under the UK Early Access to Medicines Scheme (EAMS) as of July 2020.[6][9][13]
On 15 October 2020, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Oxlumo, intended for the treatment of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1).[14][15] The applicant for this medicinal product is Alnylam Netherlands B.V.[14]
Lumasiran was approved for medical use in the European Union and in the United States in November 2020.[4][5][10]
References
^"Oxlumo Lumasiran Injection Product Monograph" (PDF). Alnylam Netherlands B.V. The Drug and Health Product Register, The Government of Canada. (PDF) from the original on 29 June 2022. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
^"Summary Basis of Decision - Oxlumo". Health Canada. 23 October 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2022.
^"Oxlumo- lumasiran injection, solution". DailyMed. from the original on 4 May 2022. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
^ abcdefghijklmnop"FDA Approves First Drug to Treat Rare Metabolic Disorder". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). 23 November 2020. from the original on 23 November 2020. Retrieved 23 November 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^ abc"Oxlumo EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
^ abcdefgh"Lumasiran: Public Assessment Report (PAR)" (PDF). Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). (PDF) from the original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
^ abcdefghi"Drugs Trials Snapshot: Oxlumo". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 23 November 2020. from the original on 22 December 2020. Retrieved 26 December 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^D'Ambrosio V, Ferraro PM (2022). "Lumasiran in the Management of Patients with Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1: From Bench to Bedside". International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease. 15: 197–206. doi:10.2147/IJNRD.S293682. PMC9211742. PMID 35747094.
^ abcde"Lumasiran: Treatment protocol: Information for healthcare professionals" (PDF). Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
^ ab"Drug Approval Package: Oxlumo". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 21 December 2020. from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 17 January 2021.
^"New Drug Therapy Approvals 2020". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 31 December 2020. from the original on 18 January 2021. Retrieved 17 January 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^"Alnylam Announces that the United Kingdom's MHRA Grants Early Access to Lumasiran". Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Press release). 13 July 2020. from the original on 18 October 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
"Lumasiran". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Clinical trial number NCT03681184 for "A Study to Evaluate Lumasiran in Children and Adults With Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1 (ILLUMINATE-A)" at ClinicalTrials.gov
Clinical trial number NCT03681184 for "A Study of Lumasiran in Infants and Young Children With Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1 (ILLUMINATE-B)" at ClinicalTrials.gov
lumasiran, sold, under, brand, name, oxlumo, medication, treatment, primary, hyperoxaluria, type, clinical, datatrade, namesoxlumoother, namesaln, go1license, dataeu, dailymed, routes, ofadministrationsubcutaneousatc, codea16ax18, legal, statuslegal, statusca,. Lumasiran sold under the brand name Oxlumo is a medication for the treatment of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 PH1 6 4 7 8 LumasiranClinical dataTrade namesOxlumoOther namesALN GO1License dataEU EMA by INN US DailyMed LumasiranRoutes ofadministrationSubcutaneousATC codeA16AX18 WHO Legal statusLegal statusCA only 1 2 US only 3 4 EU Rx only 5 IdentifiersCAS Number1834610 13 7DrugBankDB15935UNIIRZT8C352O1KEGGD11925D11926The most common side effects include injection site reactions and abdominal pain 4 Lumasiran is a double stranded small interfering ribonucleic acid siRNA that reduces levels of glycolate oxidase GO enzyme by targeting the HAO1 messenger ribonucleic acid mRNA in hepatocytes through RNA interference 9 Decreased GO enzyme levels reduce the amount of available glyoxylate a substrate for oxalate production 9 This results in reduction of urinary and plasma oxalate levels the underlying cause of disease manifestations in people with PH1 9 As the GO enzyme is upstream of the deficient alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase AGT enzyme that causes PH1 the mechanism of action of lumasiran is independent of the underlying AGXT gene mutation 9 Lumasiran was approved for medical use in the European Union and in the United States in November 2020 4 5 10 The U S Food and Drug Administration FDA considers it to be a first in class medication 11 12 Contents 1 Medical uses 2 History 3 Society and culture 3 1 Legal status 4 References 5 External linksMedical uses EditLumasiran is indicated for the treatment of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 PH1 in adults and children of all ages 6 7 PH1 is a rare illness that causes the liver to produce an excessive amount of oxalate 6 7 Oxalate is removed by the kidneys and through the urine 6 In people with PH1 the extra oxalate can cause kidney stones and kidney failure 6 7 The extra oxalate can also build up and damage other parts of the body including eyes heart skin and bone 6 7 This is called oxalosis 6 History EditLumasiran was evaluated by the U S Food and Drug Administration FDA in two studies of participants with PH1 a randomized placebo controlled trial in participants six years and older and an open label study in participants younger than six years NCT03681184 and NCT03905694 4 7 Participants ranged in age from four months to 61 years at the first dose 4 In the first study 26 participants received a monthly injection of lumasiran followed by a maintenance dose every three months 13 participants received placebo injections 4 Neither the patients nor the healthcare providers knew which treatment was being given until after the trial was completed 7 The primary endpoint was the amount of oxalate measured in the urine over 24 hours 4 7 In the lumasiran group participants had on average a 65 reduction of oxalate in the urine compared to an average 12 reduction in the placebo group 4 By the sixth month of the study 52 of participants treated with lumasiran reached a normal 24 hour urinary oxalate level no participants treated with the placebo did 4 In the second study 16 participants younger than six years all received lumasiran 4 Using another measure of oxalate in the urine the study showed on average a 71 decrease in urinary oxalate by the sixth month of the study 4 The trials were conducted at 25 centers in the United States Europe and the Middle East 7 The FDA granted the application for lumasiran orphan drug and breakthrough therapy designations 4 In addition the manufacturer received a rare pediatric disease priority review voucher 4 The FDA granted the approval of Oxlumo to Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc 4 Society and culture EditLegal status Edit Lumasiran is available under the UK Early Access to Medicines Scheme EAMS as of July 2020 6 9 13 On 15 October 2020 the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use CHMP of the European Medicines Agency EMA adopted a positive opinion recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Oxlumo intended for the treatment of primary hyperoxaluria type 1 PH1 14 15 The applicant for this medicinal product is Alnylam Netherlands B V 14 Lumasiran was approved for medical use in the European Union and in the United States in November 2020 4 5 10 References Edit Oxlumo Lumasiran Injection Product Monograph PDF Alnylam Netherlands B V The Drug and Health Product Register The Government of Canada Archived PDF from the original on 29 June 2022 Retrieved 29 June 2022 Summary Basis of Decision Oxlumo Health Canada 23 October 2014 Retrieved 6 August 2022 Oxlumo lumasiran injection solution DailyMed Archived from the original on 4 May 2022 Retrieved 26 December 2020 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p FDA Approves First Drug to Treat Rare Metabolic Disorder U S Food and Drug Administration FDA Press release 23 November 2020 Archived from the original on 23 November 2020 Retrieved 23 November 2020 This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain a b c Oxlumo EPAR European Medicines Agency EMA Archived from the original on 10 January 2021 Retrieved 26 December 2020 a b c d e f g h Lumasiran Public Assessment Report PAR PDF Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency MHRA Archived PDF from the original on 21 October 2020 Retrieved 17 October 2020 Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3 0 a b c d e f g h i Drugs Trials Snapshot Oxlumo U S Food and Drug Administration FDA 23 November 2020 Archived from the original on 22 December 2020 Retrieved 26 December 2020 This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain D Ambrosio V Ferraro PM 2022 Lumasiran in the Management of Patients with Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1 From Bench to Bedside International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease 15 197 206 doi 10 2147 IJNRD S293682 PMC 9211742 PMID 35747094 a b c d e Lumasiran Treatment protocol Information for healthcare professionals PDF Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency MHRA Archived PDF from the original on 19 October 2020 Retrieved 17 October 2020 Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3 0 a b Drug Approval Package Oxlumo U S Food and Drug Administration FDA 21 December 2020 Archived from the original on 22 January 2021 Retrieved 17 January 2021 New Drug Therapy Approvals 2020 U S Food and Drug Administration FDA 31 December 2020 Archived from the original on 18 January 2021 Retrieved 17 January 2021 This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Scott LJ Keam SJ February 2021 Lumasiran First Approval Drugs 81 2 277 282 doi 10 1007 s40265 020 01463 0 PMID 33405070 S2CID 230783803 Alnylam Announces that the United Kingdom s MHRA Grants Early Access to Lumasiran Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc Press release 13 July 2020 Archived from the original on 18 October 2020 Retrieved 17 October 2020 a b Oxlumo Pending EC decision European Medicines Agency EMA 16 October 2020 Archived from the original on 18 October 2020 Retrieved 16 October 2020 Text was copied from this source which is c European Medicines Agency Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged First treatment for rare condition primary hyperoxaluria type 1 European Medicines Agency EMA Press release 15 October 2020 Archived from the original on 18 October 2020 Retrieved 16 October 2020 Text was copied from this source which is c European Medicines Agency Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged External links Edit Lumasiran Drug Information Portal U S National Library of Medicine Clinical trial number NCT03681184 for A Study to Evaluate Lumasiran in Children and Adults With Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1 ILLUMINATE A at ClinicalTrials gov Clinical trial number NCT03681184 for A Study of Lumasiran in Infants and Young Children With Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1 ILLUMINATE B at ClinicalTrials gov Portal Medicine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lumasiran amp oldid 1134616408, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
