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Outline of Washington (state) infrastructure

April 15, 2024

See also: Outline of Washington (state)

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to infrastructure of the U.S. state of Washington.

The location of the state of Washington in the United States of America
Grand Coulee Dam has long been emblematic of infrastructure in the State of Washington, and is one of two dams mentioned in the official state folk song, Roll On, Columbia, Roll On". But its scale has been eclipsed by several 21st century infrastructure projects.

By era edit

This section lists a few of the largest infrastructure projects of each century since non-Indigenous settlement.

Mid 19th century edit

Initial settlement of the state

Late 19th century edit

Early industrialization, Age of Rail

20th century edit

Rapid industrialization during World Wars, suburbanization of Seattle area

21st century edit

By topic edit

General edit

Communication and computing edit

Energy edit

High Voltage DC (HVDC) edit

Hydro edit

Washington is a major hydroelectric producer in the United States and the world. The Grand Coulee Dam on the Columbia River was the world's largest when built, and remains the largest power station in the United States by capacity.

Natural gas edit

Nuclear edit

Commercial power production edit
Research reactors (civilian) edit

Other edit

Environmental and scientific edit

Weather and climate edit

  • AgriMet Pacific Northwest Region (U.S. Bureau of Reclamation)[1]
  • AgWeatherNet (Washington State University), crop freezes and hailstorms
  • Camano Island Doppler radar
  • Langley Hill Doppler radar
  • RAWS network (US Forest Service), over 100 sensors in Washington,[2] for assessing wildfire risk and forest health

Ocean edit

Natural hazards edit

Space and cosmology edit

 
LIGO gravity wave observatory at Hanford, with legs two and a half miles long, is the largest project ever funded by the National Science Foundation. It is one of a pair of instruments used by the scientists awarded the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Military complexes edit

Army, Navy, Air Force, Joint edit

Former edit

For earlier 19th century forts, see List of forts#Washington

Civilianized airfields edit

For a full list of Army airfields see Washington World War II Army Airfields. The Navy also civilianized several fields.

Department of Energy edit

US Coast Guard edit

Transportation edit

Air edit

Rail edit

Road edit

Ports and canals edit

Canals (active) edit

Constructed canals only[b]

Canals (abandoned) edit
Ports edit

Water management edit

Flood control edit

Volcanic edit

Volcano-related infrastructure around Mount St. Helens related to its 1980 eruption and future eruptions

Flumes and siphons edit

Irrigation edit

 
Center pivot irrigation in the Columbia Basin makes mile-wide circles around Potholes Reservoir, visible from space.
See also: List of United States Bureau of Reclamation dams

Municipal water supply edit

Further information: Chehalis Gap § Water

Wastewater edit

By type edit

Bridges edit

 
Many bridges are visible in this photograph of the northern Puget Sound area of Washington, including the four floating bridges listed

Floating bridges edit

Washington has more floating bridges than any other state,[9] and the world's three longest ones, including:

Historically notable bridges and incidents edit

Dams edit

Pipelines edit

Roads edit

 
Brick paved section of Yellowstone Trail in Redmond

Historically notable roads include

Tunnels edit

Highways edit

Railroads edit

Passenger train service edit

Mass transit edit

See also edit

Footnotes edit

  1. ^ As of March 2018, there were five DART buoys off of US West Coast, one of which is approximately 400 km west of Cape Flattery.[3]
  2. ^ Washington has several natural canals including 65-mile (105 km) long Hood Canal

References edit

  1. ^ "Columbia-Pacific Northwest Region Programs & Activities | Bureau of Reclamation".
  2. ^ Station Data Inventory Listings - RAWS Network: Washington
  3. ^ DART buoy map and database, NOAA, retrieved 2018-03-05
  4. ^ Duane Colt Denfeld (August 21, 2012), "World War II: Civilian Airports Adapted for Military Use", HistoryLink, Seattle: History Ink
  5. ^ NRHP continuation sheet for Atlas E Missile Site 9, Rearden, Washington, listed 7/31/2009
  6. ^ Braesch, LT Connie (2009-06-30). "Interagency Coordination and the Sector Command Center-Joint". Compass. US Coast Guard. Retrieved 2018-03-04.
  7. ^ "Bureau of Reclamation".
  8. ^ "Bureau of Reclamation".
  9. ^ Chen, W.F.; Duan, L. (2013), Handbook of International Bridge Engineering, Taylor & Francis, p. 107, ISBN 978-1-4398-1029-3, table 2.8: Major floating bridges in the United States

April 15, 2024
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See also Outline of Washington state The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to infrastructure of the U S state of Washington The location of the state of Washington in the United States of AmericaGrand Coulee Dam has long been emblematic of infrastructure in the State of Washington and is one of two dams mentioned in the official state folk song Roll On Columbia Roll On But its scale has been eclipsed by several 21st century infrastructure projects Contents 1 By era 1 1 Mid 19th century 1 2 Late 19th century 1 3 20th century 1 4 21st century 2 By topic 2 1 General 2 2 Communication and computing 2 3 Energy 2 3 1 High Voltage DC HVDC 2 3 2 Hydro 2 3 3 Natural gas 2 3 4 Nuclear 2 3 4 1 Commercial power production 2 3 4 2 Research reactors civilian 2 3 5 Other 2 4 Environmental and scientific 2 4 1 Weather and climate 2 4 2 Ocean 2 4 3 Natural hazards 2 4 4 Space and cosmology 2 5 Military complexes 2 5 1 Army Navy Air Force Joint 2 5 1 1 Former 2 5 2 Civilianized airfields 2 5 3 Department of Energy 2 5 4 US Coast Guard 2 6 Transportation 2 6 1 Air 2 6 2 Rail 2 6 3 Road 2 6 4 Ports and canals 2 6 4 1 Canals active 2 6 4 2 Canals abandoned 2 6 4 3 Ports 2 7 Water management 2 7 1 Flood control 2 7 1 1 Volcanic 2 7 2 Flumes and siphons 2 7 3 Irrigation 2 7 4 Municipal water supply 2 7 5 Wastewater 3 By type 3 1 Bridges 3 1 1 Floating bridges 3 1 2 Historically notable bridges and incidents 3 2 Dams 3 3 Pipelines 3 4 Roads 3 5 Tunnels 3 6 Highways 3 7 Railroads 3 8 Passenger train service 3 9 Mass transit 4 See also 5 Footnotes 6 ReferencesBy era editThis section lists a few of the largest infrastructure projects of each century since non Indigenous settlement Mid 19th century edit Initial settlement of the state Naches Trails 1853 Mullan Road 1859 1860 Late 19th century edit Early industrialization Age of Rail Cascade Tunnel 1897 1900 Stampede Tunnel 1886 1888 20th century edit Rapid industrialization during World Wars suburbanization of Seattle area Lake Washington Ship Canal opens 1917 Columbia Basin Project 1933 1950s Hanford Site 1940s through Cold War Mount Baker Tunnel 1940 Lake Washington Floating Bridges 1940s 1989 Boeing Everett Factory 1967 Interstate 5 completed 1969 and Interstate 90 completed 1993 21st century edit Amazon development in South Lake Union 2008 present Hanford Vit Plant 2023 Link light rail 1996 present Connecting Washington 2015 present By topic editGeneral edit List of Seattle megaprojectsCommunication and computing edit Alaska United East submarine fiber optic cable Jim Creek Naval Radio Station Northwest Open Access Network PC 1 transpacific submarine fiber optic cable Quincy data centers Columbia Data Center Seattle Internet Exchange Washington Alaska Military Cable and Telegraph System Washington K 20 Network LORAN C transmitter GeorgeEnergy edit Category Energy infrastructure in Washington state Electricity in the Puget Sound region List of Public Utility Districts of Washington state Wind power in Washington state High Voltage DC HVDC edit Juan de Fuca Cable Project abandoned Hydro edit Washington is a major hydroelectric producer in the United States and the world The Grand Coulee Dam on the Columbia River was the world s largest when built and remains the largest power station in the United States by capacity List of dams in the Columbia River watershedNatural gas edit Jackson Prairie Underground Natural Gas Storage Facility Northwest PipelineNuclear edit Commercial power production edit Columbia Generating Station Kiket Island land purchased but never built Satsop Nuclear Power Plant nearly completed but never fueled Skagit Nuclear Power Plant never builtResearch reactors civilian edit Fast Flux Test Facility Hanford Site More Hall Annex formerly the Nuclear Reactor Building UW Seattle Washington State University Reactor WSU PullmanOther edit Centralia Power Plant the only coal fired power plant in the state Grays Harbor Biodiesel Plant Spokane waste to energy plantEnvironmental and scientific edit Weather and climate edit AgriMet Pacific Northwest Region U S Bureau of Reclamation 1 AgWeatherNet Washington State University crop freezes and hailstorms Camano Island Doppler radar Langley Hill Doppler radar RAWS network US Forest Service over 100 sensors in Washington 2 for assessing wildfire risk and forest healthOcean edit NEPTUNE methane clathrates Ocean Observatories Initiative Endurance Array anoxia events Regional Scale Nodes methane hydrates and underwater volcanismNatural hazards edit Earthquakes and tsunamis Pacific Northwest Seismic Network Northwest university consortium Deep ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration a Volcanism Cascades Volcano Observatory Mount Rainier Volcano Lahar Warning SystemSpace and cosmology edit nbsp LIGO gravity wave observatory at Hanford with legs two and a half miles long is the largest project ever funded by the National Science Foundation It is one of a pair of instruments used by the scientists awarded the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics LIGO Hanford Manastash Ridge Observatory Rattlesnake Mountain Observatory relocated to Wallula the largest optical instrument in the stateMilitary complexes edit Army Navy Air Force Joint edit Fairchild Air Force Base Joint Base Lewis McChord also adjacent Camp Murray Washington National Guard Naval Air Station Whidbey Island Naval Base Kitsap Naval Station Everett Puget Sound Naval Shipyard Yakima Training CenterFormer edit For earlier 19th century forts see List of forts Washington Fort Lawton Seattle Fort Flagler Fort Worden Fort Casey Puget Sound approaches Naval Reserve Armory Lake Union Seattle Naval Station Puget Sound Lake Washington Seattle Seattle Center Armory Yakima Research StationCivilianized airfields edit For a full list of Army airfields see Washington World War II Army Airfields The Navy also civilianized several fields Arlington Airport formerly Arlington Naval Air Auxiliary Facility 4 Olympia Regional Airport formerly a satellite field for McChord Air Force Base Sanderson Field Shelton Paine Field at Everett formerly Paine Air Force Base Tri Cities Airport formerly Naval Air Station Pasco one of the busiest training fields of World War II Vista Field an auxiliary field Grant County International Airport at Moses Lake formerly Larson Air Force Base a Strategic Air Command base with 13 500 foot runway and Titan nuclear missile field William R Fairchild International Airport formerly Port Angeles Army Airfield Bowers Airport formerly Ellensburg Army Airfield Ephrata Municipal Airport formerly Ephrata Army Air Base Spokane International Airport formerly Geiger Field Deer Park Airport an auxiliary field also Atlas E nuclear missile silo 47 58 27 N 117 24 34 W 47 97417 N 117 40944 W 47 97417 117 40944 5 Felts Field an auxiliary fieldDepartment of Energy edit Hanford Site Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant Vitrification plant B Reactor N Reactor Plutonium Finishing Plant Plutonium Uranium Extraction Plant PUREX Plant Plutonium Recycle Test Reactor PRTR US Coast Guard edit Coast Guard Station Seattle also District 13 headquarters Sector Puget Sound headquarters Puget Sound Sector Command Center Joint 6 and others Coast Guard Station Cape DisappointmentTransportation edit Air edit List of airports in WashingtonRail edit List of Washington railroadsRoad edit State highways in Washington List of Interstate Highways in Washington List of U S Routes in Washington List of state routes in WashingtonPorts and canals edit Canals active edit Constructed canals only b Lake Washington Ship Canal Chittenden Locks Ballard locks Seattle Port Townsend Ship CanalCanals abandoned edit Cascade Locks and Canal Columbia River Celilo Canal Columbia RiverPorts edit Port of Camas Washougal Port of Grays Harbor Port of Longview Port of Mattawa Port of Olympia Port of Seattle Port of Tacoma Port of Vancouver USA Port of Whitman CountyWater management edit List of dams and reservoirs in WashingtonFlood control edit McNary Levee System Columbia River Tri Cities Seattle seawallVolcanic edit Volcano related infrastructure around Mount St Helens related to its 1980 eruption and future eruptions Spirit Lake Outlet Tunnel Toutle River Sediment Retention StructureFlumes and siphons edit Columbia Basin Project Feeder Canal North and Dry Falls Dams Banks Lake Electron Hydroelectric ProjectIrrigation edit nbsp Center pivot irrigation in the Columbia Basin makes mile wide circles around Potholes Reservoir visible from space See also List of United States Bureau of Reclamation dams Columbia Basin Project largest reclamation project in United States Banks Lake a 27 mile 43 km long reservoir Potholes Reservoir 670 000 irrigated acres Grand Coulee Dam Okanogan Project 7 Conconully Dam and Reservoir Salmon Lake Dam and Conconully Lake Salmon Creek Diversion Dam Yakima Project 464 000 irrigable acres 8 Bumping Lake Cle Elum Dam Cle Elum Lake Clear Creek Dam Kachess Dam Lake Kachess Keechelus Dam Tieton DamMunicipal water supply edit Further information Chehalis Gap Water Casad Dam Bremerton watershed McAllister Wellfield Olympia Culmback Dam Spada Reservoir Sultan River City of Everett Seattle Public Utilities Cedar River Washington River modifications and management watershed Chester Morse Lake and masonry dam Tolt pipeline Cascades to Seattle Tacoma Public Utilities Howard A Hanson Dam and reservoirWastewater edit Brightwater sewage treatment plant Bothell Everett Water Pollution Control Facility Riverside Park Water Reclamation Facility Spokane South Treatment Plant Renton Spokane County Regional Water Reclamation Facility Tacoma Central Wastewater Treatment Plant West Point Treatment Plant West Point Seattle By type editBridges edit nbsp Many bridges are visible in this photograph of the northern Puget Sound area of Washington including the four floating bridges listedCategory Bridges in Washington state List of bridges in SeattleFloating bridges edit Washington has more floating bridges than any other state 9 and the world s three longest ones including Evergreen Point Floating Bridge 2016 SR 520 or Evergreen Point replaced the 1963 Evergreen Point Floating Bridge and is world s longest Lacey V Murrow Memorial Bridge I 90 second longest in world Hood Canal Bridge world s third longest floating bridge overall and the longest floating bridge on tidal saltwater Homer M Hadley Memorial Bridge I 90 fifth longest in worldHistorically notable bridges and incidents edit List of Washington state bridge failures Chow Chow Bridge one of the first cable stayed bridge designs in the United States and the first in Washington Hood Canal Bridge partially sank during storm Tacoma Narrows Bridge 1940 Galloping Gertie collapsed during windstorm four months after opening Lacey V Murrow Memorial Bridge sank during stormDams edit List of dams and reservoirs in WashingtonPipelines edit Avista gas pipeline Ferndale Pipeline System McChord Pipeline jet fuel Northwest Pipeline natural gas Olympic pipeline Olympic pipeline explosion petroleum Tesoro Logistics pipeline Trans Mountain Pipeline Tolt pipeline water Roads edit nbsp Brick paved section of Yellowstone Trail in RedmondHistorically notable roads include Category Historic trails and roads in Washington state Oregon Trail wagon trail to Whitman Mission Walla Walla 1843 Naches Trail first wagon road to cross the Cascades 1853 Mullan Road first improved road cleared 25 feet 7 6 m wide to inland Pacific Northwest 1859 1860 Maryhill Loops Road first asphalt paved road in Washington 1911 Yellowstone Trail first transcontinental automobile highway to Seattle 1912 Tunnels edit Cascade Tunnel Stampede Tunnel List of tunnels in SeattleHighways edit State highways in Washington List of Interstate Highways in WashingtonRailroads edit Ballard Terminal Railroad BNSF Railway Bellingham Subdivision Columbia River Subdivision Kettle Falls Subdivision Lakeside Subdivision Lakeview Subdivision Lakewood Subdivision Scenic Subdivision Seattle Subdivision Spokane Subdivision Sumas Subdivision Yakima Valley Subdivision Cascade and Columbia River Railroad Central Washington Railroad Columbia and Cowlitz Railway Eastern Washington Gateway Railroad Fairhaven and Southern Railroad Kettle Falls International Railway Mount Vernon Terminal Railway Olympia and Belmore Railroad Pend Oreille Valley Railroad Puget Sound and Pacific Railroad Tacoma Rail Tri City Railroad Union Pacific Railroad Washington and Idaho RailwayPassenger train service edit Amtrak Cascades Coast Starlight Empire Builder North Coast Hiawatha Pacific International Pioneer Sounder commuter railMass transit edit Public transportation benefit area Sound Transit Link light rail Sound Transit Express Sounder commuter rail Seattle StreetcarSee also editOutline of Washington state Footnotes edit As of March 2018 there were five DART buoys off of US West Coast one of which is approximately 400 km west of Cape Flattery 3 Washington has several natural canals including 65 mile 105 km long Hood CanalReferences edit Columbia Pacific Northwest Region Programs amp Activities Bureau of Reclamation Station Data Inventory Listings RAWS Network Washington DART buoy map and database NOAA retrieved 2018 03 05 Duane Colt Denfeld August 21 2012 World War II Civilian Airports Adapted for Military Use HistoryLink Seattle History Ink NRHP continuation sheet for Atlas E Missile Site 9 Rearden Washington listed 7 31 2009 Braesch LT Connie 2009 06 30 Interagency Coordination and the Sector Command Center Joint Compass US Coast Guard Retrieved 2018 03 04 Bureau of Reclamation Bureau of Reclamation Chen W F Duan L 2013 Handbook of International Bridge Engineering Taylor amp Francis p 107 ISBN 978 1 4398 1029 3 table 2 8 Major floating bridges in the United States Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Outline of Washington state infrastructure amp oldid 1183347019, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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