Out-wintering pads (OWPs) are a cattle-housing system in which a layer of timber residue (often ~50 mm woodchips[1] is placed over an artificially drained surface to control solid and liquid excreta from animal confinement.[2][3] In some climates such as the United Kingdom and Ireland, OWPs allow livestock to be housed outdoors over winter.
“Spent” timber residues (STRs, timber residues soiled with animal excreta) can be applied to land as a source of organic matter and nutrients.[4][5]
^"Improved design and management of woodchip pads for sustainable out-wintering of livestock" (PDF). Retrieved 13 November 2014.
^Smith, K. 2005. Final Report: Survey of Woodchip Corrals and Stand-off Pads in England and Wales: Construction, Operation and Management Practices, and Potential. Wolverhampton, UK: Environmental Protection Agency, ADAS
^Augustenborg, C.A.; O.T. Carton; R.P.O. Schulte; and I.H. Suffet(2007) "Response of silage yield to land application of out-wintering pad effluent in Ireland", Agricultural Water Management, 95(4)367-374.)
^Augustenborg, C.A.; O.T. Carton; R.P.O. Schulte; and I. H. Suffet (2008) "Silage Dry-Matter Yield and Nitrogen Response following Land Application of Spent Timber Residue from Out-Wintering Pads to Irish Grassland", Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,39:7,1122—1137.
February 15, 2024
wintering, pads, owps, cattle, housing, system, which, layer, timber, residue, often, woodchips, placed, over, artificially, drained, surface, control, solid, liquid, excreta, from, animal, confinement, some, climates, such, united, kingdom, ireland, owps, all. Out wintering pads OWPs are a cattle housing system in which a layer of timber residue often 50 mm woodchips 1 is placed over an artificially drained surface to control solid and liquid excreta from animal confinement 2 3 In some climates such as the United Kingdom and Ireland OWPs allow livestock to be housed outdoors over winter Spent timber residues STRs timber residues soiled with animal excreta can be applied to land as a source of organic matter and nutrients 4 5 References edit agriculture PDF Retrieved 13 November 2014 Improved design and management of woodchip pads for sustainable out wintering of livestock PDF Retrieved 13 November 2014 Smith K 2005 Final Report Survey of Woodchip Corrals and Stand off Pads in England and Wales Construction Operation and Management Practices and Potential Wolverhampton UK Environmental Protection Agency ADAS Augustenborg C A O T Carton R P O Schulte and I H Suffet 2007 Response of silage yield to land application of out wintering pad effluent in Ireland Agricultural Water Management 95 4 367 374 Augustenborg C A O T Carton R P O Schulte and I H Suffet 2008 Silage Dry Matter Yield and Nitrogen Response following Land Application of Spent Timber Residue from Out Wintering Pads to Irish Grassland Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 39 7 1122 1137 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Out wintering pads amp oldid 1188287558, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
