The son of parents who operated a bakery, Othón worked from an early age, but also went to school. In 1942, Othón started attending the Oaxtepec Normal School. There, the teachers saw the last flashes of the Mexican Revolution, leaving them with many social concerns. He completed only the first year in Oaxtepec. He did his second year in the Ayotzinapa Rural Teachers' College and the third at the National Teachers College. Afterwards he entered the Superior Normal School, where he studied for four years. There he specialized in social sciences to prepare him to teach civics.
Activismedit
In 1954 Othón was an instrumental leader in the first strike of the Normal Superior. In 1956, when leaders of the Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación (SNTE) (National Association of Workers in Education) negotiated a wage increase which was not even half of what was initially demanded, Othón convened a protest rally. Shortly afterwards, an independent assembly elected him as representative to form the basis for the Movimiento Revolucionario del Magisterio (MRM) (Revolutionary Teachers Movement) which was formed in late 1957 and whose presence in the Federal District's elementary schools was expanding. The following year MRM was at the forefront of one of the largest teachers' struggles. The demonstrations that were organized were attended by a broad social sector. Government, in order to suppress them, as was done with the April 12, 1958 march, fostered social discontent that was simmering for years.
While authorities refused to recognize the MRM, its capacity to convene became increasingly effective and, on April 30 teachers took the offices of the Secretaría de Educación Pública (SEP) (Ministry of Education), forcing the government to negotiate. In August, in a parallel congress, teachers in Mexico City elected Othón as their legitimate representative, but with this gesture of trade union autonomy the government's position was hardening.
Arrest
The demonstration on September 8 was suppressed, and Othón apprehended. Officers arrived at his home early, tied and blindfolded him. They then subjected him to harsh interrogation and demanded that he confess how many rubles he was receiving from the Soviet Union. He was held hostage for nine days before processing. He was accused of social dissolution, was imprisoned in Lecumberri, but thanks :to large demonstrations for his freedom, he remained there only three days.
In the year 1958, a year of great labor unrest, the MRM teachers were among the main protagonists. That same year the protests of the telegraph operators, tankers, and railroad workers shocked the country. The struggles had their origins in economic demands, but their desire for union democracy had much wider implications, and shook the structures of the Partido Revolucionario Institucional PRI (Or in English: The Institutional Revolutionary Party). Workers showed their dissatisfaction with working conditions that the statistics on miraculous economic growth concealed.
The government managed to defeat these movements that proposed democratizing the system. But the participants who remained engaged in keeping alive the popular causes could not be silenced. Othón continued his struggle in teaching, and in 1960, he participated in another strike at the National Teachers College. This action was repressed and Othón was fired for his role in the protests.
Political careeredit
After being fired, Othón lived in a precarious economic situation, aggravated by his advanced age. He eventually returned to Alcozauca, his native village in Guerrero, and toured the region of Montaña, listening to and advising those who were organized there.
In 1980 he ran for governor of Guerrero for the Mexican Communist Party, becoming Mayor of this municipality (1987-1990).
He died of kidney disease on December 4, 2008 in the city of Tlapa de Comonfort, Guerrero at the age of 84.
January 01, 1970
othón, salazar, this, article, does, cite, sources, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, june, 2019, learn, when, remove, t. This article does not cite any sources Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Othon Salazar news newspapers books scholar JSTOR June 2019 Learn how and when to remove this message Othon Salazar Ramirez 1924 2008 was a Mexican normal school teacher and revolutionary He was born in Alcozauca de Guerrero Guerrero State on May 17 1924 and died in Tlapa de Comonfort Guerrero State on December 4 2008 Education editThe son of parents who operated a bakery Othon worked from an early age but also went to school In 1942 Othon started attending the Oaxtepec Normal School There the teachers saw the last flashes of the Mexican Revolution leaving them with many social concerns He completed only the first year in Oaxtepec He did his second year in the Ayotzinapa Rural Teachers College and the third at the National Teachers College Afterwards he entered the Superior Normal School where he studied for four years There he specialized in social sciences to prepare him to teach civics Activism editIn 1954 Othon was an instrumental leader in the first strike of the Normal Superior In 1956 when leaders of the Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educacion SNTE National Association of Workers in Education negotiated a wage increase which was not even half of what was initially demanded Othon convened a protest rally Shortly afterwards an independent assembly elected him as representative to form the basis for the Movimiento Revolucionario del Magisterio MRM Revolutionary Teachers Movement which was formed in late 1957 and whose presence in the Federal District s elementary schools was expanding The following year MRM was at the forefront of one of the largest teachers struggles The demonstrations that were organized were attended by a broad social sector Government in order to suppress them as was done with the April 12 1958 march fostered social discontent that was simmering for years While authorities refused to recognize the MRM its capacity to convene became increasingly effective and on April 30 teachers took the offices of the Secretaria de Educacion Publica SEP Ministry of Education forcing the government to negotiate In August in a parallel congress teachers in Mexico City elected Othon as their legitimate representative but with this gesture of trade union autonomy the government s position was hardening Arrest The demonstration on September 8 was suppressed and Othon apprehended Officers arrived at his home early tied and blindfolded him They then subjected him to harsh interrogation and demanded that he confess how many rubles he was receiving from the Soviet Union He was held hostage for nine days before processing He was accused of social dissolution was imprisoned in Lecumberri but thanks to large demonstrations for his freedom he remained there only three days In the year 1958 a year of great labor unrest the MRM teachers were among the main protagonists That same year the protests of the telegraph operators tankers and railroad workers shocked the country The struggles had their origins in economic demands but their desire for union democracy had much wider implications and shook the structures of the Partido Revolucionario Institucional PRI Or in English The Institutional Revolutionary Party Workers showed their dissatisfaction with working conditions that the statistics on miraculous economic growth concealed The government managed to defeat these movements that proposed democratizing the system But the participants who remained engaged in keeping alive the popular causes could not be silenced Othon continued his struggle in teaching and in 1960 he participated in another strike at the National Teachers College This action was repressed and Othon was fired for his role in the protests Political career editAfter being fired Othon lived in a precarious economic situation aggravated by his advanced age He eventually returned to Alcozauca his native village in Guerrero and toured the region of Montana listening to and advising those who were organized there In 1980 he ran for governor of Guerrero for the Mexican Communist Party becoming Mayor of this municipality 1987 1990 He died of kidney disease on December 4 2008 in the city of Tlapa de Comonfort Guerrero at the age of 84 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Othon Salazar amp oldid 1218003476, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
