fbpx
Wikipedia

Oswald Commission

January 01, 1970

The Oswald Commission was a disciplinary commission of the International Olympic Committee ("IOC"), chaired by IOC member Denis Oswald. It was responsible for investigating and ruling on doping violations by individual Russian athletes at the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi.

By December 2017, the commission had banned 43 athletes from the Olympics for life, and retroactively disqualified them from their Sochi Olympic events with 13 medals being stripped. 30 of the 43 athletes later successfully appealed to the Court of Arbitration for Sport and had their sanctions overturned; and another 12 had their doping rulings confirmed, but had their lifetime bans commuted to bans for only the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang.[1][2] One athlete did not appeal. The IOC banned Russia from competing at Pyeongchang as a result of the scandal, instead inviting 169 Russian athletes to compete as "Olympic Athletes from Russia" under the Olympic flag rather than under the Russian flag.[2]

Background edit

Media attention began growing in December 2014 when German broadcaster ARD aired the documentary "Top Secret Doping: How Russia makes its Winners", alleging the existence of a sophisticated, state-sponsored doping system within the All-Russia Athletic Federation, and comparing it to doping in East Germany.[3] In November 2015, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) published a report and the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) suspended Russia indefinitely from world track and field events. The United Kingdom Anti-Doping agency later assisted WADA with testing in Russia. In June 2016, they reported that they were unable to fully carry out their work and noted intimidation by armed Federal Security Service (FSB) agents.[4] After a Russian former lab director made allegations about the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, WADA commissioned an independent investigation led by Richard McLaren. McLaren's investigation found corroborating evidence, concluding in a report published in July 2016 that the Ministry of Sport and the FSB had operated a "state-directed failsafe system" using a "disappearing positive [test] methodology" (DPM) from "at least late 2011 to August 2015".[5][6]

Sochi investigation edit

 
Urine sampling bottles

The IOC established the Disciplinary Commission and the Inquiry Commissions in July 2016, following the publication of the McLaren Report. The IOC took this measure since Prof. McLaren did not have the authority to bring forward Anti-Doping Rule Violation (ADRV) cases against individual athletes. After receiving the results from the final McLaren Report in December 2016, the IOC opened proceedings against the 28 Russian athletes mentioned in the report (the number later rose to 46,[7] which are now being heard by the Oswald Commission.

On November 1, 2017 a cross-country skier Alexander Legkov who won a gold medal was disqualified and banned for life by the Commission. His Sochi results were wiped from the record. A second Russian cross-country skier who didn't get to the podium was also disqualified and banned for life.[8] 8 days later four more Russian cross-country skiers who won a combined 3 medals were found guilty of doping.[9] The total was brought to ten when four skeleton racers were disqualified on November 22, 2017, two medals (gold and bronze) were stripped off.[10] On November 24, 2017 the IOC imposed life bans on bobsledder Alexandr Zubkov and speed skater Olga Fatkulina who won a combined 3 medals (2 gold, 1 silver). Olga Stulneva and Aleksandr Rumyantsev were also disqualified.[11] All their results were wiped from the record, meaning that Russia lost its first place in the medal standings. On November 27, 2017 IOC sanctioned Olga Vilukhina, Yana Romanova, Sergey Chudinov, Alexey Negodaylo, and Dmitry Trunenkov, and stripped Vilyukhina and Romanova of their medals in biathlon.[12][13] 3 athletes who didn't win medals were sanctioned on November 29, 2017.[14] 2 days later Olga Zaitseva who won silver in biathlon and two other athletes were also disqualified.[15] On December 12, 2017 six Russian ice hockey players were disqualified.[16] Bobsledder Alexey Voyevoda who had been already stripped of his gold medals due to the anti-doping violations committed by his teammates was sanctioned on December 18, 2017.[17] Eleven athletes were banned on December 22, 2017. Among them, silver medalists Albert Demchenko and Tatiana Ivanova who were stripped of their medals.[18]

List of disqualified sportspeople edit

Name Country Sport Banned substance Medals Details of test CAS appeals result[19]
Alexander Legkov   Russia Cross-country skiing Disappearing sample   gold
  silver 		IOC sanction imposed in 2017[20] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Evgeniy Belov   Russia Cross-country skiing Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[20] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Maksim Vylegzhanin   Russia Cross-country skiing Disappearing sample   silver
  silver
  silver 		IOC sanction imposed in 2017[21] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Evgenia Shapovalova   Russia Cross-country skiing Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[21] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Alexei Petukhov   Russia Cross-country skiing Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[21] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Yulia Ivanova   Russia Cross-country skiing Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[21] Sanctions upheld
Aleksandr Tretyakov   Russia Skeleton Disappearing sample   gold IOC sanction imposed in 2017[22] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Elena Nikitina   Russia Skeleton Disappearing sample   bronze IOC sanction imposed in 2017[22] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Olga Potylitsina   Russia Skeleton Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[22] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Maria Orlova   Russia Skeleton Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[22] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Olga Stulneva   Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[23] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Alexandr Zubkov   Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample   gold
  gold 		IOC sanction imposed in 2017[23] Sanctions upheld
Olga Fatkulina   Russia Speed skating Disappearing sample   silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017[23] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Aleksandr Rumyantsev   Russia Speed skating Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[23] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Aleksei Negodaylo   Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample   gold IOC sanction imposed in 2017[24] Sanctions annulled/Team disqualified
Dmitry Trunenkov   Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample   gold IOC sanction imposed in 2017[24] Sanctions annulled/Team disqualified
Olga Vilukhina   Russia Biathlon Disappearing sample   silver
  silver 		IOC sanction imposed in 2017[24] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Yana Romanova   Russia Biathlon Disappearing sample   silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017[24] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Sergei Chudinov   Russia Skeleton Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[24] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Alexander Kasjanov   Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[14] Sanctions upheld
Aleksei Pushkarev   Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[14] Sanctions upheld
Ilvir Huzin   Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[14] Sanctions upheld
Yuliya Chekalyova   Russia Cross-country skiing Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[15] Sanctions upheld
Anastasia Dotsenko   Russia Cross-country skiing Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[15] Sanctions upheld
Olga Zaitseva   Russia Biathlon Disappearing sample   silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017[15] Sanctions upheld
Inna Dyubanok   Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[7] Sanctions upheld
Yekaterina Lebedeva   Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[7] Sanctions annulled/Team disqualified
Yekaterina Pashkevich   Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[7] Sanctions annulled/Team disqualified
Anna Shibanova   Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[7] Sanctions upheld
Yekaterina Smolentseva   Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[7] Sanctions annulled/Team disqualified
Galina Skiba   Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[7] Sanctions upheld
Alexey Voyevoda   Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample   gold
  gold 		IOC sanction imposed in 2017[25] Sanctions upheld
Albert Demchenko   Russia Luge Disappearing sample   silver
  silver 		IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Tatiana Ivanova   Russia Luge Disappearing sample   silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Ivan Skobrev   Russia Speed skating Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Artyom Kuznetsov   Russia Speed skating Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Liudmila Udobkina   Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Maxim Belugin   Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] No appeal filed
Tatiana Burina   Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] Sanctions annulled/Team disqualified
Anna Shukina   Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] Sanctions annulled/Team disqualified
Nikita Kryukov   Russia Cross-country skiing Disappearing sample   silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Alexander Bessmertnykh   Russia Cross-country skiing Disappearing sample   silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated
Natalya Matveyeva   Russia Cross-country skiing Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "28 Russians have Olympic doping bans lifted". nbcsports.com. 1 February 2018. Retrieved 4 February 2018.
  2. ^ a b "Factbox: The IOC, WADA, CAS and the Russian doping story explained". Reuters. 2018-02-08. Retrieved 2019-06-06.
  3. ^ "Decision of the IOC Disciplinary Commission in the proceedings against Maxim BELUGIN" (PDF). p. 3. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  4. ^ "Update on the status of Russia testing" (PDF). wada-ama.org. June 2016. Retrieved November 26, 2017.
  5. ^ "MCLAREN INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATION REPORT - PART I". wada-ama.org. 18 July 2016. Retrieved November 26, 2017.
  6. ^ "MCLAREN INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATION REPORT - PART II". wada-ama.org. 9 December 2016. Retrieved November 26, 2017.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g "IOC sanctions six Russian athletes and closes one case as part of Oswald Commission findings". 14 July 2021.
  8. ^ "IOC sanctions two Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings - Olympic News". Olympic.org. 2017-11-01. Retrieved 2017-11-27.
  9. ^ "IOC sanctions four Russian athletes and closes one case as part of Oswald Commission findings". International Olympic Committee. 2017-11-09. Retrieved 2017-11-09.
  10. ^ "IOC sanctions four Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings - Olympic News". Olympic.org. 2017-11-22. Retrieved 2017-11-27.
  11. ^ "IOC SANCTIONS FOUR RUSSIAN ATHLETES AS PART OF OSWALD COMMISSION FINDINGS". 24 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  12. ^ "IOC sanctions five Russian athletes and publishes first full decision as part of the Oswald Commission findings". International Olympic Committee. 27 November 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
  13. ^ "IOC SANCTIONS FOUR RUSSIAN ATHLETES AS PART OF OSWALD COMMISSION FINDINGS". 24 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  14. ^ a b c d "IOC sanctions three Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings". 14 July 2021.
  15. ^ a b c d "IOC sanctions three Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings". 14 July 2021.
  16. ^ "IOC sanctions six Russian athletes and closes one case as part of the Oswald Commission findingsdate=December 12, 2017". olympic.org. Retrieved December 13, 2017.
  17. ^ . France 24. 18 December 2017. Archived from the original on 19 December 2017. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "IOC sanctions 11 Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings". International Olympic Committee. 2017-12-22. Retrieved 2017-12-22.
  19. ^ "The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) delivers its decisions in the matter of 39 Russian athletes v. the IOC" (PDF). Court of Arbitration for Sport. Retrieved 2018-03-04.
  20. ^ a b "IOC sanctions two Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 2017-11-01.
  21. ^ a b c d "IOC sanctions four Russian athletes and closes one case as part of Oswald Commission findings". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 2017-11-09.
  22. ^ a b c d "IOC sanctions four Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings". 14 July 2021.
  23. ^ a b c d "IOC sanctions four Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings". 14 July 2021.
  24. ^ a b c d e "IOC sanctions five Russian athletes and publishes first full decision as part of the Oswald Commission findings". 14 July 2021.
  25. ^ . France 24. 18 December 2017. Archived from the original on 19 December 2017. Retrieved 20 December 2017.

January 01, 1970
oswald, commission, disciplinary, commission, international, olympic, committee, chaired, member, denis, oswald, responsible, investigating, ruling, doping, violations, individual, russian, athletes, 2014, winter, olympic, games, sochi, december, 2017, commiss. The Oswald Commission was a disciplinary commission of the International Olympic Committee IOC chaired by IOC member Denis Oswald It was responsible for investigating and ruling on doping violations by individual Russian athletes at the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi By December 2017 the commission had banned 43 athletes from the Olympics for life and retroactively disqualified them from their Sochi Olympic events with 13 medals being stripped 30 of the 43 athletes later successfully appealed to the Court of Arbitration for Sport and had their sanctions overturned and another 12 had their doping rulings confirmed but had their lifetime bans commuted to bans for only the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang 1 2 One athlete did not appeal The IOC banned Russia from competing at Pyeongchang as a result of the scandal instead inviting 169 Russian athletes to compete as Olympic Athletes from Russia under the Olympic flag rather than under the Russian flag 2 Contents 1 Background 2 Sochi investigation 2 1 List of disqualified sportspeople 3 See also 4 ReferencesBackground editMedia attention began growing in December 2014 when German broadcaster ARD aired the documentary Top Secret Doping How Russia makes its Winners alleging the existence of a sophisticated state sponsored doping system within the All Russia Athletic Federation and comparing it to doping in East Germany 3 In November 2015 the World Anti Doping Agency WADA published a report and the International Association of Athletics Federations IAAF suspended Russia indefinitely from world track and field events The United Kingdom Anti Doping agency later assisted WADA with testing in Russia In June 2016 they reported that they were unable to fully carry out their work and noted intimidation by armed Federal Security Service FSB agents 4 After a Russian former lab director made allegations about the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi WADA commissioned an independent investigation led by Richard McLaren McLaren s investigation found corroborating evidence concluding in a report published in July 2016 that the Ministry of Sport and the FSB had operated a state directed failsafe system using a disappearing positive test methodology DPM from at least late 2011 to August 2015 5 6 Sochi investigation edit nbsp Urine sampling bottles The IOC established the Disciplinary Commission and the Inquiry Commissions in July 2016 following the publication of the McLaren Report The IOC took this measure since Prof McLaren did not have the authority to bring forward Anti Doping Rule Violation ADRV cases against individual athletes After receiving the results from the final McLaren Report in December 2016 the IOC opened proceedings against the 28 Russian athletes mentioned in the report the number later rose to 46 7 which are now being heard by the Oswald Commission On November 1 2017 a cross country skier Alexander Legkov who won a gold medal was disqualified and banned for life by the Commission His Sochi results were wiped from the record A second Russian cross country skier who didn t get to the podium was also disqualified and banned for life 8 8 days later four more Russian cross country skiers who won a combined 3 medals were found guilty of doping 9 The total was brought to ten when four skeleton racers were disqualified on November 22 2017 two medals gold and bronze were stripped off 10 On November 24 2017 the IOC imposed life bans on bobsledder Alexandr Zubkov and speed skater Olga Fatkulina who won a combined 3 medals 2 gold 1 silver Olga Stulneva and Aleksandr Rumyantsev were also disqualified 11 All their results were wiped from the record meaning that Russia lost its first place in the medal standings On November 27 2017 IOC sanctioned Olga Vilukhina Yana Romanova Sergey Chudinov Alexey Negodaylo and Dmitry Trunenkov and stripped Vilyukhina and Romanova of their medals in biathlon 12 13 3 athletes who didn t win medals were sanctioned on November 29 2017 14 2 days later Olga Zaitseva who won silver in biathlon and two other athletes were also disqualified 15 On December 12 2017 six Russian ice hockey players were disqualified 16 Bobsledder Alexey Voyevoda who had been already stripped of his gold medals due to the anti doping violations committed by his teammates was sanctioned on December 18 2017 17 Eleven athletes were banned on December 22 2017 Among them silver medalists Albert Demchenko and Tatiana Ivanova who were stripped of their medals 18 List of disqualified sportspeople edit Name Country Sport Banned substance Medals Details of test CAS appeals result 19 Alexander Legkov nbsp Russia Cross country skiing Disappearing sample nbsp gold nbsp silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017 20 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Evgeniy Belov nbsp Russia Cross country skiing Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 20 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Maksim Vylegzhanin nbsp Russia Cross country skiing Disappearing sample nbsp silver nbsp silver nbsp silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017 21 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Evgenia Shapovalova nbsp Russia Cross country skiing Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 21 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Alexei Petukhov nbsp Russia Cross country skiing Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 21 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Yulia Ivanova nbsp Russia Cross country skiing Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 21 Sanctions upheld Aleksandr Tretyakov nbsp Russia Skeleton Disappearing sample nbsp gold IOC sanction imposed in 2017 22 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Elena Nikitina nbsp Russia Skeleton Disappearing sample nbsp bronze IOC sanction imposed in 2017 22 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Olga Potylitsina nbsp Russia Skeleton Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 22 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Maria Orlova nbsp Russia Skeleton Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 22 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Olga Stulneva nbsp Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 23 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Alexandr Zubkov nbsp Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample nbsp gold nbsp gold IOC sanction imposed in 2017 23 Sanctions upheld Olga Fatkulina nbsp Russia Speed skating Disappearing sample nbsp silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017 23 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Aleksandr Rumyantsev nbsp Russia Speed skating Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 23 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Aleksei Negodaylo nbsp Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample nbsp gold IOC sanction imposed in 2017 24 Sanctions annulled Team disqualified Dmitry Trunenkov nbsp Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample nbsp gold IOC sanction imposed in 2017 24 Sanctions annulled Team disqualified Olga Vilukhina nbsp Russia Biathlon Disappearing sample nbsp silver nbsp silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017 24 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Yana Romanova nbsp Russia Biathlon Disappearing sample nbsp silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017 24 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Sergei Chudinov nbsp Russia Skeleton Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 24 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Alexander Kasjanov nbsp Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 14 Sanctions upheld Aleksei Pushkarev nbsp Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 14 Sanctions upheld Ilvir Huzin nbsp Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 14 Sanctions upheld Yuliya Chekalyova nbsp Russia Cross country skiing Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 15 Sanctions upheld Anastasia Dotsenko nbsp Russia Cross country skiing Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 15 Sanctions upheld Olga Zaitseva nbsp Russia Biathlon Disappearing sample nbsp silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017 15 Sanctions upheld Inna Dyubanok nbsp Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 7 Sanctions upheld Yekaterina Lebedeva nbsp Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 7 Sanctions annulled Team disqualified Yekaterina Pashkevich nbsp Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 7 Sanctions annulled Team disqualified Anna Shibanova nbsp Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 7 Sanctions upheld Yekaterina Smolentseva nbsp Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 7 Sanctions annulled Team disqualified Galina Skiba nbsp Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 7 Sanctions upheld Alexey Voyevoda nbsp Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample nbsp gold nbsp gold IOC sanction imposed in 2017 25 Sanctions upheld Albert Demchenko nbsp Russia Luge Disappearing sample nbsp silver nbsp silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017 18 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Tatiana Ivanova nbsp Russia Luge Disappearing sample nbsp silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017 18 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Ivan Skobrev nbsp Russia Speed skating Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 18 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Artyom Kuznetsov nbsp Russia Speed skating Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 18 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Liudmila Udobkina nbsp Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 18 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Maxim Belugin nbsp Russia Bobsleigh Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 18 No appeal filed Tatiana Burina nbsp Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 18 Sanctions annulled Team disqualified Anna Shukina nbsp Russia Ice hockey Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 18 Sanctions annulled Team disqualified Nikita Kryukov nbsp Russia Cross country skiing Disappearing sample nbsp silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017 18 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Alexander Bessmertnykh nbsp Russia Cross country skiing Disappearing sample nbsp silver IOC sanction imposed in 2017 18 Sanctions annulled Results reinstated Natalya Matveyeva nbsp Russia Cross country skiing Disappearing sample IOC sanction imposed in 2017 18 Sanctions annulled Results reinstatedSee also editRussia at the 2014 Winter OlympicsReferences edit 28 Russians have Olympic doping bans lifted nbcsports com 1 February 2018 Retrieved 4 February 2018 a b Factbox The IOC WADA CAS and the Russian doping story explained Reuters 2018 02 08 Retrieved 2019 06 06 Decision of the IOC Disciplinary Commission in the proceedings against Maxim BELUGIN PDF p 3 Retrieved 6 June 2019 Update on the status of Russia testing PDF wada ama org June 2016 Retrieved November 26 2017 MCLAREN INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATION REPORT PART I wada ama org 18 July 2016 Retrieved November 26 2017 MCLAREN INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATION REPORT PART II wada ama org 9 December 2016 Retrieved November 26 2017 a b c d e f g IOC sanctions six Russian athletes and closes one case as part of Oswald Commission findings 14 July 2021 IOC sanctions two Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings Olympic News Olympic org 2017 11 01 Retrieved 2017 11 27 IOC sanctions four Russian athletes and closes one case as part of Oswald Commission findings International Olympic Committee 2017 11 09 Retrieved 2017 11 09 IOC sanctions four Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings Olympic News Olympic org 2017 11 22 Retrieved 2017 11 27 IOC SANCTIONS FOUR RUSSIAN ATHLETES AS PART OF OSWALD COMMISSION FINDINGS 24 November 2017 Retrieved 24 November 2017 IOC sanctions five Russian athletes and publishes first full decision as part of the Oswald Commission findings International Olympic Committee 27 November 2017 Retrieved 27 November 2017 IOC SANCTIONS FOUR RUSSIAN ATHLETES AS PART OF OSWALD COMMISSION FINDINGS 24 November 2017 Retrieved 24 November 2017 a b c d IOC sanctions three Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings 14 July 2021 a b c d IOC sanctions three Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings 14 July 2021 IOC sanctions six Russian athletes and closes one case as part of the Oswald Commission findingsdate December 12 2017 olympic org Retrieved December 13 2017 Russian bobsledder banned over doping France 24 18 December 2017 Archived from the original on 19 December 2017 Retrieved 20 December 2017 a b c d e f g h i j k l IOC sanctions 11 Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings International Olympic Committee 2017 12 22 Retrieved 2017 12 22 The Court of Arbitration for Sport CAS delivers its decisions in the matter of 39 Russian athletes v the IOC PDF Court of Arbitration for Sport Retrieved 2018 03 04 a b IOC sanctions two Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings International Olympic Committee Retrieved 2017 11 01 a b c d IOC sanctions four Russian athletes and closes one case as part of Oswald Commission findings International Olympic Committee Retrieved 2017 11 09 a b c d IOC sanctions four Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings 14 July 2021 a b c d IOC sanctions four Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings 14 July 2021 a b c d e IOC sanctions five Russian athletes and publishes first full decision as part of the Oswald Commission findings 14 July 2021 Russian bobsledder banned over doping France 24 18 December 2017 Archived from the original on 19 December 2017 Retrieved 20 December 2017 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Oswald Commission amp oldid 1192555996, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.