Born in Ukraine to an upper class Jewish family, Osip Aptekman studied medicine in Kharkov from 1870.[1] In 1873, as the start of the 'to the people' movement, when idealistic students travelled to the countryside hoping to radicalise the peasants, he and two other students from Kharkov, Constantin Dobrogeanu-Gherea and S.N.Kulasko set up a blacksmith shop in Gherea's home village, Slavyanka.[2] They had to abandon the project to avoid arrest. He returned to Kharkov to complete his studies. In 1874, a few months after qualifying as a surgeon, he again 'went to the people' in the Volga region, and was one of the organisers of Land and Liberty (Земля и Воля - Zemlya i Volya).
When Zemlya i Volya split in August 1879, with one faction - impatient with the failure to politicise the peasantry - breaking off the form the People's Will and plan the assassination of the Tsar, Aptekman joined the future founder of Russian Marxism, Georgi Plekhanov and in organising Black Partition (Черный Передел -Cherny Peredel) grouping which insisted that the continued use of propaganda was the best means of achieving social change. He edited the group's journal. In 1880, he was arrested and sentenced to five years exile in Yakutsk, in Siberia.[3] When his term of exile ended, he emigrated to Munich, to resume his study of medicine. He returned to Russia in 1889, to practise as a country doctor in Nizhny Novgorod region.
In 1893 and 1894 Aptekman was one of the primary leaders of the People's Rights Party(Partiia Narodnogo Prava), an illegal constitutionalist populist organization.[4] But later in the same decade, when Marxist ideas began to spread among the young, he broke with the Narodniks and joined what became the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. When the RSDLP split, in 1903, he sided with the Mensheviks. During the 1905 revolution, he travelled from district to district, organising armed groups of revolutionaries, until he was arrested and imprisoned. Released in May 1906, he emigrated to Switzerland. After the outbreak of war in 1914. he sided with the Menshevik-Internationalists, led by Yuri Martov Having returned to Russia after the February Revolution, in 1919, aged 70, he announced that he accepted the legitimacy of the communist government.[3] In his final years, he worked for the Historical and Revolutionary Archives, in St Petersburg.
Footnotesedit
^ May 13, 2006. Archived from the original on May 13, 2006.
^Kitch, Michael (October 1973). "Constantin Dobrogeanu-Gherea and Rumanian Marxism". The Slavonic and East European Review. 55 (1): 66. JSTOR 4207387.
^ abShmidt, O. Yu.; Bukharin, N.I.; et al., eds. (1926). Большаяа Советская Энциклопедия. Vol. 3. Moscow. p. 188.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Shmuel Galai, The Liberation Movement in Russia, 1900-1905. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1973; pg. 60.
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osip, aptekman, osip, vasilyevich, aptekman, russian, сип, Васильевич, Аптекма, march, 1849, pavlohrad, july, 1926, russian, revolutionary, member, land, liberty, founders, black, repartition, сип, Аптекма, нbornmarch, 1849pavlohrad, yekaterinoslav, governorat. Osip Vasilyevich Aptekman Russian O sip Vasilevich Aptekma n March 18 30 1849 Pavlohrad July 8 1926 was a Russian revolutionary member of the Land and Liberty and one of the founders of the Black Repartition Osip AptekmanO sip Aptekma nBornMarch 30 1849Pavlohrad Yekaterinoslav Governorate Russian EmpireDiedJuly 8 1926RussiaBiography editBorn in Ukraine to an upper class Jewish family Osip Aptekman studied medicine in Kharkov from 1870 1 In 1873 as the start of the to the people movement when idealistic students travelled to the countryside hoping to radicalise the peasants he and two other students from Kharkov Constantin Dobrogeanu Gherea and S N Kulasko set up a blacksmith shop in Gherea s home village Slavyanka 2 They had to abandon the project to avoid arrest He returned to Kharkov to complete his studies In 1874 a few months after qualifying as a surgeon he again went to the people in the Volga region and was one of the organisers of Land and Liberty Zemlya i Volya Zemlya i Volya When Zemlya i Volya split in August 1879 with one faction impatient with the failure to politicise the peasantry breaking off the form the People s Will and plan the assassination of the Tsar Aptekman joined the future founder of Russian Marxism Georgi Plekhanov and in organising Black Partition Chernyj Peredel Cherny Peredel grouping which insisted that the continued use of propaganda was the best means of achieving social change He edited the group s journal In 1880 he was arrested and sentenced to five years exile in Yakutsk in Siberia 3 When his term of exile ended he emigrated to Munich to resume his study of medicine He returned to Russia in 1889 to practise as a country doctor in Nizhny Novgorod region In 1893 and 1894 Aptekman was one of the primary leaders of the People s Rights Party Partiia Narodnogo Prava an illegal constitutionalist populist organization 4 But later in the same decade when Marxist ideas began to spread among the young he broke with the Narodniks and joined what became the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party When the RSDLP split in 1903 he sided with the Mensheviks During the 1905 revolution he travelled from district to district organising armed groups of revolutionaries until he was arrested and imprisoned Released in May 1906 he emigrated to Switzerland After the outbreak of war in 1914 he sided with the Menshevik Internationalists led by Yuri Martov Having returned to Russia after the February Revolution in 1919 aged 70 he announced that he accepted the legitimacy of the communist government 3 In his final years he worked for the Historical and Revolutionary Archives in St Petersburg Footnotes edit Aptekman O V May 13 2006 Archived from the original on May 13 2006 Kitch Michael October 1973 Constantin Dobrogeanu Gherea and Rumanian Marxism The Slavonic and East European Review 55 1 66 JSTOR 4207387 a b Shmidt O Yu Bukharin N I et al eds 1926 Bolshayaa Sovetskaya Enciklopediya Vol 3 Moscow p 188 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Shmuel Galai The Liberation Movement in Russia 1900 1905 Cambridge England Cambridge University Press 1973 pg 60 nbsp This Ukrainian biographical article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Osip Aptekman amp oldid 1223543734, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
