The Orlan space suits were used for spacewalks on the Salyut stations, but for Mir they were replaced by the Orlan-DMA and Orlan-M suits: The Orlan-DMA was used for the first time in November 1988, by the cosmonaut Musa Manarov from the Mir space station. The Orlan-M continued in use on Mir from 1997 until the end of the station's operational life and is now used on the International Space Station. Orlan space suits have been used by Russian, American, European, Canadian and Chinese astronauts.
On February 3, 2006, a retired Orlan fitted with a radio transmitter, dubbed SuitSat-1, was launched into orbit from the International Space Station.[4][5][6]
In April 2004, China imported 12 Orlan spacesuits from Russia: Three for EVA, two for airlock training, four for neutral buoyancy tank training, four for testing the EVA support system on the Shenzhou spacecraft. [7] Various components on the EVA suits and airlock training suits, including electrical and communication equipments, were designed and manufactured by China. In Chinese, Orlan spacesuits are referred by the literal translation of Орлан, Haiying. (Chinese: 海鹰; pinyin: Hǎiyīng; lit. 'sea eagle') On 27 September 2008, Liu Boming wore one of the Orlan suits in order to assist Zhai Zhigang during the space walk portion of Shenzhou 7 mission.[8]
In June 2009, the latest computerized Orlan-MK version was tested during a five-hour spacewalk to install new equipment on the International Space Station.[9] The new suit's main improvement is the replacement of the radio-telemetry equipment in the Portable Life Support System backpack which contains a mini-computer. This computer processes data from the spacesuit's various systems and provides a malfunction warning. It then outlines a contingency plan which is displayed on an LCD screen on the right chest part of the spacesuit.[9]
In September 2020, it was announced that Zvezda had started manufacturing space suits for Indian astronauts, part of the Gaganyaan crewed mission, four of which had begun training at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Russia in 2019.[10]
The Orlan space suit has gone through several models. Space-rated designations include the Orlan-D, Orlan-DM, Orlan-DMA, and Orlan-M models; the Orlan-GN, Orlan-T, and Orlan-V are used in training and are used underwater.[11][12] The latest model, called Orlan-MKS, has been used on the ISS since 2017. The original Orlan suit, with a two and a half hour operation time, was designed as an orbital suit for use on the Soviet Lunar programme, although it was abandoned in favour of a model with a greater operating capacity. The Orlan-D expanded the operation time to three hours; the Orlan-M to nine hours. The designed average lifespan of the spacesuit is four years (or up to 15 EVA's) and, according to tradition at the manufacturing plant, suits with blue stripes are assigned even production numbers and red, odd numbers.[13][14]
The Orlan space suit is semi-rigid, with a solid torso and flexible arms.[15] It includes a rear hatch entry through the backpack that allows it to be donned relatively quickly (approximately five minutes). The first Orlan suits were attached to the spacecraft by an umbilical tether that supplied power and communications links. The Orlan-DM and later models are self-sustaining.
Models
Lunar orbit suit
Name: Orlan Lunar Orbital Spacesuit
Manufacturer: NPP Zvezda
Missions: Development occurred from 1967-1971, no flight models that were operational were produced.[16]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Orlan space suits.
Orlan space suit images at Myspacemuseum.com
Orlan Spacesuit EVA (Video) - Dec 23, 2008
January 30, 2023
orlan, space, suit, russian, Орлан, eagle, series, semi, rigid, piece, space, suit, models, designed, built, zvezda, they, have, been, used, spacewalks, evas, russian, space, program, successor, soviet, space, program, space, programs, other, countries, includ. The Orlan space suit Russian Orlan lit sea eagle is a series of semi rigid one piece space suit models designed and built by NPP Zvezda They have been used for spacewalks EVAs in the Russian space program the successor to the Soviet space program and by space programs of other countries including NASA 1 2 3 Cosmonaut Maksim Surayev next to two Orlan MK models on the International Space Station Cosmonaut Salizhan Sharipov next to the Orlan M spacesuit Contents 1 History 2 Design 3 Models 3 1 Lunar orbit suit 3 2 D model 3 3 DM model 3 4 DMA model 3 5 M model 3 6 MK model 3 7 MKS model 4 Training 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksHistory EditThe first spacewalk using an Orlan suit took place on December 20 1977 on the Soviet space station Salyut 6 during the Soyuz 26 mission Yuri Romanenko and Georgi Grechko tested the Orlan D space suit The Orlan DM was used for the first time on August 2 1985 by the cosmonauts Vladimir Dzhanibekov and Viktor Savinykh of Salyut 7 The Orlan space suits were used for spacewalks on the Salyut stations but for Mir they were replaced by the Orlan DMA and Orlan M suits The Orlan DMA was used for the first time in November 1988 by the cosmonaut Musa Manarov from the Mir space station The Orlan M continued in use on Mir from 1997 until the end of the station s operational life and is now used on the International Space Station Orlan space suits have been used by Russian American European Canadian and Chinese astronauts On February 3 2006 a retired Orlan fitted with a radio transmitter dubbed SuitSat 1 was launched into orbit from the International Space Station 4 5 6 In April 2004 China imported 12 Orlan spacesuits from Russia Three for EVA two for airlock training four for neutral buoyancy tank training four for testing the EVA support system on the Shenzhou spacecraft 7 Various components on the EVA suits and airlock training suits including electrical and communication equipments were designed and manufactured by China In Chinese Orlan spacesuits are referred by the literal translation of Orlan Haiying Chinese 海鹰 pinyin Hǎiying lit sea eagle On 27 September 2008 Liu Boming wore one of the Orlan suits in order to assist Zhai Zhigang during the space walk portion of Shenzhou 7 mission 8 In June 2009 the latest computerized Orlan MK version was tested during a five hour spacewalk to install new equipment on the International Space Station 9 The new suit s main improvement is the replacement of the radio telemetry equipment in the Portable Life Support System backpack which contains a mini computer This computer processes data from the spacesuit s various systems and provides a malfunction warning It then outlines a contingency plan which is displayed on an LCD screen on the right chest part of the spacesuit 9 In September 2020 it was announced that Zvezda had started manufacturing space suits for Indian astronauts part of the Gaganyaan crewed mission four of which had begun training at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Russia in 2019 10 Design Edit Attired in a Russian Orlan M spacesuit astronaut John Phillips participates in an extra vehicular activity Cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev is seen in Phillips helmet visor The Orlan space suit has gone through several models Space rated designations include the Orlan D Orlan DM Orlan DMA and Orlan M models the Orlan GN Orlan T and Orlan V are used in training and are used underwater 11 12 The latest model called Orlan MKS has been used on the ISS since 2017 The original Orlan suit with a two and a half hour operation time was designed as an orbital suit for use on the Soviet Lunar programme although it was abandoned in favour of a model with a greater operating capacity The Orlan D expanded the operation time to three hours the Orlan M to nine hours The designed average lifespan of the spacesuit is four years or up to 15 EVA s and according to tradition at the manufacturing plant suits with blue stripes are assigned even production numbers and red odd numbers 13 14 The Orlan space suit is semi rigid with a solid torso and flexible arms 15 It includes a rear hatch entry through the backpack that allows it to be donned relatively quickly approximately five minutes The first Orlan suits were attached to the spacecraft by an umbilical tether that supplied power and communications links The Orlan DM and later models are self sustaining Models EditLunar orbit suit Edit Name Orlan Lunar Orbital Spacesuit Manufacturer NPP Zvezda Missions Development occurred from 1967 1971 no flight models that were operational were produced 16 Function Extra vehicular activity EVA Operating pressure 400 hPa 5 8 psi 16 Mass 59 kg 130 lb 16 Primary life support 5 hours 16 D model Edit Orlan D Name Orlan D Manufacturer NPP Zvezda Missions Developed from 1969 1977 Used on Salyut 6 and Salyut 7 Space Stations Used from 1977 1984 16 Function Extra vehicular activity EVA Operating Pressure 400 hPa 5 8 psi 16 Mass 73 5 kg 162 lb 16 Primary Life Support 5 hours 16 DM model Edit Name Orlan DM Manufacturer NPP Zvezda Company Missions Used on Salyut 7 and Mir Used from 1985 1988 16 Function Extra vehicular activity EVA Operating pressure 400 hPa 5 8 psi 16 Mass 88 kg 194 lb 16 Primary life support 6 hours 16 DMA model Edit Orlan DMA Name Orlan DMA Manufacturer NPP Zvezda Missions Used on Mir Used from 1988 1997 16 Function Extra vehicular activity EVA Operating Pressure 400 hPa 5 8 psi 16 Mass 105 kg 231 lb 16 Primary Life Support 7 hours 16 M model Edit Orlan M Name Orlan M Manufacturer NPP Zvezda Missions Used on Mir and ISS Used from 1997 2009 16 Function Extra vehicular activity EVA Operating Pressure 400 hPa 5 8 psi 16 Mass 112 kg 247 lb 16 Primary Life Support 7 hours 16 MK model Edit Orlan MK Name Orlan MK Manufacturer NPP Zvezda Missions Used on ISS Used from 2009 2017 17 Function Extra vehicular activity EVA Operating pressure 400 hPa 5 8 psi Mass 120 kg 260 lb 17 Primary life support 7 hoursMKS model Edit Spacesuit Orlan MKS No 2 at MAKS 2013 air show Name Orlan MKS Manufacturer NPP Zvezda Missions Used on ISS Used from 2017 present 17 Function Extra vehicular activity EVA Operating pressure 400 hPa 5 8 psi Mass 110 kg 240 lb Primary life support 7 hoursTraining EditOrlan suits are used in the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonauts Training Center in Star City Moscow the Orlan GN for water immersion training the Orlan T for airlock procedure training and the Orlan V for low gravity flight training Clayton Anderson enters an Orlan M suit through the rear hatch NASA See also EditHard Upper Torso Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment Sokol space suit Soviet SPK List of spacewalks List of Mir spacewalks List of ISS spacewalks List of spacewalks and moonwalks List of cumulative spacewalk recordsReferences Edit NASA 1997 NASA Press Briefing National Aeronautics and Space Administration Archived from the original on November 16 2001 Retrieved November 8 2007 ESA 2004 Orlan spacesuit European Space Agency Archived from the original on August 26 2007 Retrieved November 8 2007 Encyclopedia Astronautica 2007 Orlan Space Suit Encyclopedia Astronautica Archived from the original on November 17 2002 Retrieved November 8 2007 Tariq Malik 2006 So Long SuitSat Astronauts Launch Spacesuit in ISS Spacewalk Space com Retrieved November 8 2007 Robert Z Pearlman for CollectSpace com 2006 Orlan Overboard The Suit Behind the Sat Space com Retrieved November 8 2007 Space Today Online 2006 Suitsat An empty spacesuit broadcasting to Earth Space Today Online Retrieved November 8 2007 王兆耀 神七出舱活动俄专家提供了技术支持 Wang Zhaoyao Russian Experts Provided Technical Support for Shenzhou 7 s Extravehicular Activities Press release in Chinese Jiuquan Xinhua News Agency 2008 09 24 Retrieved 2018 08 09 McDowell Jonathan 2008 10 12 JSR No 601 Jonathan s Space Report Archived from the original on 2012 02 12 Retrieved 2012 07 08 a b ISS astronauts complete spacewalk test new Russian spacesuits RIA Novosti 2009 06 05 Retrieved 2009 06 10 Explained Zvezda the Russian firm making suits for India s Gaganyaan astronauts 5 October 2020 NPP InterCoS 2007 Zvezda s Museum and Spacesuit Photo Report NPO International Cooperation in Space Retrieved November 8 2007 Jonathan McDowell 2000 The History of Spaceflight Chapter 7 2 Zvezda Orlan spacesuits Retrieved November 8 2007 Space fashion 11 April 2014 Russian spacesuits 2008 JSC RD amp PE Zvezda Space Suits JSC RD amp PE Zvezda Russia Archived from the original on November 1 2007 Retrieved November 8 2007 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Isaac Abramov amp Ingemar Skoog 2003 Russian Spacesuits Chichester UK Praxis Publishing Ltd ISBN 1 85233 732 X a b c RuSpaceExternal links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Orlan space suits Orlan space suit images at Myspacemuseum com Orlan Spacesuit EVA Video Dec 23 2008 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Orlan space suit amp oldid 1102824569, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
