In chemistry, an open-chain compound (also spelled as open chain compound) or acyclic compound (Greek prefix "α", without and "κύκλος", cycle) is a compound with a linear structure, rather than a cyclic one.[1] An open-chain compound having no side chains is called a straight-chain compound (also spelled as straight chain compound).[2][3] Many of the simple molecules of organic chemistry, such as the alkanes and alkenes, have both linear and ring isomers, that is, both acyclic and cyclic, with the latter often classified as aromatic. For those with 4 or more carbons, the linear forms can have straight-chain or branched-chain isomers. The lowercase prefix n- denotes the straight-chain isomer; for example, n-butane is straight-chain butane, whereas i-butane is isobutane. Cycloalkanes are isomers of alkenes, not of alkanes, because the ring's closure involves a C-C bond. Having no rings (aromatic or otherwise), all open-chain compounds are aliphatic.
Typically in biochemistry, some isomers are more prevalent than others. For example, in living organisms, the open-chain isomer of glucose usually exists only transiently, in small amounts; D-glucose is the usual isomer; and L-glucose is rare.
Straight-chain molecules are often not literally straight, in the sense that their bond angles are often not 180°, but the name reflects that they are schematically straight. For example, the straight-chain alkanes are wavy or "puckered", as the models below show.
branched-chain
straight-chain
cyclic
open-chain
n-nonane
Above the open-chain forms of glucose and mannose. Below the cyclic forms.
^Coles, Lydia (1968). "A chromatographic method for the separation of branched-chain and straight-chain compounds of columns containing urea". Journal of Chromatography A. 32 (4): 657–661. doi:10.1016/S0021-9673(01)80544-6. PMID 5645558.
open, chain, compound, chemistry, open, chain, compound, also, spelled, open, chain, compound, acyclic, compound, greek, prefix, without, κύκλος, cycle, compound, with, linear, structure, rather, than, cyclic, open, chain, compound, having, side, chains, calle. In chemistry an open chain compound also spelled as open chain compound or acyclic compound Greek prefix a without and kyklos cycle is a compound with a linear structure rather than a cyclic one 1 An open chain compound having no side chains is called a straight chain compound also spelled as straight chain compound 2 3 Many of the simple molecules of organic chemistry such as the alkanes and alkenes have both linear and ring isomers that is both acyclic and cyclic with the latter often classified as aromatic For those with 4 or more carbons the linear forms can have straight chain or branched chain isomers The lowercase prefix n denotes the straight chain isomer for example n butane is straight chain butane whereas i butane is isobutane Cycloalkanes are isomers of alkenes not of alkanes because the ring s closure involves a C C bond Having no rings aromatic or otherwise all open chain compounds are aliphatic Typically in biochemistry some isomers are more prevalent than others For example in living organisms the open chain isomer of glucose usually exists only transiently in small amounts D glucose is the usual isomer and L glucose is rare Straight chain molecules are often not literally straight in the sense that their bond angles are often not 180 but the name reflects that they are schematically straight For example the straight chain alkanes are wavy or puckered as the models below show branched chain straight chain cyclicopen chainn nonane Above the open chain forms of glucose and mannose Below the cyclic forms References Edit IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology 2nd ed the Gold Book 1997 Online corrected version 2006 polycyclic system doi 10 1351 goldbook P04724 Coles Lydia 1968 A chromatographic method for the separation of branched chain and straight chain compounds of columns containing urea Journal of Chromatography A 32 4 657 661 doi 10 1016 S0021 9673 01 80544 6 PMID 5645558 IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology 2nd ed the Gold Book 1997 Online corrected version 2006 silazanes doi 10 1351 goldbook S05669 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Open chain compound amp oldid 1116002251, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
