Oligodactyly (from Ancient Greek oligos 'few' and δάκτυλος daktylos 'finger') is the presence of fewer than five fingers or toes on a hand or foot.[1][2]
Oligodactyly
Oligodactyly as a result of ectrodactyly on the feet of a one-year-old child
It is quite often incorrectly called hypodactyly; the Greek prefixes hypo- and hyper- are used for continuous scales (e.g. in hypoglycaemia and hyperthermia), as opposed to discrete or countable scales, where oligo- and poly- should be used (e.g. in oligarchy and polygamy). Oligodactyly is therefore the opposite of polydactyly.[2][3] Very rare, this medical condition usually has a genetic or familial cause.[3][4]
Oligodactyly is sometimes a sign or symptom of several syndromes including Poland syndrome and Weyer Ulnar Ray Syndrome.[5] It is a type of dysmelia.
Ectrodactyly is an extreme instance of oligodactyly, involving the absence of one or more central digits of the hand or foot and is also known as split hand/split foot malformation (SHFM).[6] The hands and feet of people with ectrodactyly are often described as "claw-like" and may include only the thumb and one finger (usually either the little finger, ring finger, or a syndactyly of the two) with similar abnormalities of the feet.[7]
People with oligodactyly often have full use of the remaining digits and adapt well to their condition. They are not greatly hindered in their daily activities, if at all.[4][8] Even those with the most extreme forms are known to engage in tasks that require fine control, such as writing[4] and bootmaking[8] as well as working as a cab driver.[8]
^NIH website, citing Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary. Accessed February 16, 2010.
^ abMedical terms Dictionary 2014-05-15 at the Wayback Machine. Accessed February 16, 2010
^ abConrad, Matthew; Ezaki, Marybeth (2002). "Fewer than 10: Oligodactyly-Diagnoses and patterns of malformation". Journal of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. 2 (3): 110–120. doi:10.1053/jssh.2002.34791. Retrieved February 16, 2010.[title missing]
^ abcMeredith Vaughn Jones (Nov 1957). "Oligodactyly". Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. B (39): 752–754. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.39B4.752. PMID 13491644.
^P D Turnpenny, J C Dean, P Duffty, J A Reid, and P Carter, "Weyers' ulnar ray/oligodactyly syndrome and the association of midline malformations with ulnar ray defects." J Med Genet. 1992 September; 29(9): 659–662. Found at NIH website. Accessed last on February 17, 2010.
^Moerman, P.; Fryns, J.P. (1998). "Ectodermal dysplasia, Rapp–Hodgkin type in a mother and severe ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting syndrome (EEC) in her child". American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A. 63 (3): 479–81. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19960614)63:3<479::AID-AJMG12>3.0.CO;2-J. PMID 8737656.
^Peterson-Falzone, Sally J.; Hardin-Jones, Mary A.; Karnell, Michael P.; McWilliams, Betty Jane (2001). Cleft Palate Speech. Mosby. ISBN978-0-8151-3153-3.
^ abcLewis, Thomas (1908). "The Inheritance of Deformities". British Medical Journal. 2 (2481): 166–173. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.2481.166. S2CID 220153781.
^Farrell HB (1984). "The two-toed Wadoma--familial ectrodactyly in Zimbabwe". S. Afr. Med. J. 65 (13): 531–3. PMID 6710256.
oligodactyly, from, ancient, greek, oligos, δάκτυλος, daktylos, finger, presence, fewer, than, five, fingers, toes, hand, foot, result, ectrodactyly, feet, year, childspecialtymedical, genetics, quite, often, incorrectly, called, hypodactyly, greek, prefixes, . Oligodactyly from Ancient Greek oligos few and daktylos daktylos finger is the presence of fewer than five fingers or toes on a hand or foot 1 2 OligodactylyOligodactyly as a result of ectrodactyly on the feet of a one year old childSpecialtyMedical genetics It is quite often incorrectly called hypodactyly the Greek prefixes hypo and hyper are used for continuous scales e g in hypoglycaemia and hyperthermia as opposed to discrete or countable scales where oligo and poly should be used e g in oligarchy and polygamy Oligodactyly is therefore the opposite of polydactyly 2 3 Very rare this medical condition usually has a genetic or familial cause 3 4 Oligodactyly is sometimes a sign or symptom of several syndromes including Poland syndrome and Weyer Ulnar Ray Syndrome 5 It is a type of dysmelia Ectrodactyly is an extreme instance of oligodactyly involving the absence of one or more central digits of the hand or foot and is also known as split hand split foot malformation SHFM 6 The hands and feet of people with ectrodactyly are often described as claw like and may include only the thumb and one finger usually either the little finger ring finger or a syndactyly of the two with similar abnormalities of the feet 7 People with oligodactyly often have full use of the remaining digits and adapt well to their condition They are not greatly hindered in their daily activities if at all 4 8 Even those with the most extreme forms are known to engage in tasks that require fine control such as writing 4 and bootmaking 8 as well as working as a cab driver 8 The Wadoma people of Zimbabwe have a high frequency of oligodactyly 9 10 References edit NIH website citing Merriam Webster s Medical Dictionary Accessed February 16 2010 a b Medical terms Dictionary Archived 2014 05 15 at the Wayback Machine Accessed February 16 2010 a b Conrad Matthew Ezaki Marybeth 2002 Fewer than 10 Oligodactyly Diagnoses and patterns of malformation Journal of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand 2 3 110 120 doi 10 1053 jssh 2002 34791 Retrieved February 16 2010 title missing a b c Meredith Vaughn Jones Nov 1957 Oligodactyly Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery B 39 752 754 doi 10 1302 0301 620X 39B4 752 PMID 13491644 P D Turnpenny J C Dean P Duffty J A Reid and P Carter Weyers ulnar ray oligodactyly syndrome and the association of midline malformations with ulnar ray defects J Med Genet 1992 September 29 9 659 662 Found at NIH website Accessed last on February 17 2010 Moerman P Fryns J P 1998 Ectodermal dysplasia Rapp Hodgkin type in a mother and severe ectrodactyly ectodermal dysplasia clefting syndrome EEC in her child American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 63 3 479 81 doi 10 1002 SICI 1096 8628 19960614 63 3 lt 479 AID AJMG12 gt 3 0 CO 2 J PMID 8737656 Peterson Falzone Sally J Hardin Jones Mary A Karnell Michael P McWilliams Betty Jane 2001 Cleft Palate Speech Mosby ISBN 978 0 8151 3153 3 a b c Lewis Thomas 1908 The Inheritance of Deformities British Medical Journal 2 2481 166 173 doi 10 1136 bmj 2 2481 166 S2CID 220153781 Farrell HB 1984 The two toed Wadoma familial ectrodactyly in Zimbabwe S Afr Med J 65 13 531 3 PMID 6710256 Ripley s believe it or not with photo External links editPolydactyly more than the usual number of fingers NIH website page on Oligodactyly Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Oligodactyly amp oldid 1206950933, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
