Oioceros is an extinct genus of spiral-horned antelope from the late Miocene. Its fossils have been found in Greece,[1]China,[2]Iran, and Africa. It was first discovered by Wagner in 1857, and contains nine species, O. rothii, O. atropatenes, O. jiulongkouensis, O. noverca, O. robustus, O. stenocephalus, O. lishanensis, O. wegneri, and O. tanyceras. Former species include O. grangeri (Pilgrim, 1934), now recognized as the genus Sinomegoceros, and O. xiejiaensis (Li and Qui; 1980), now recognized as the genus Sinopalaeoceros.[2]
In 1997, an almost complete skull of O. rothii proved that it was similar to Samotragus praecursor, with a short face, compared to its relatively long braincase, and isolated horn cores.[1] However, unlike S. praecursor, O. rothii had a jaw of primarily premolar teeth, which were longer than the molars found in the latter.[1] Pilgrim and Hopwood described the genus as being "small size with long slender muzzle; face bent down on basicranial axis either slightly or to a moderate extent; orbits with expanded orbital roof; horn-cores twisted counter-clockwise in a fairly close spiral of one or two revolutions, widely separate, tilted backward or fairly upright, divergent, with a cross-section almost circular or elliptical, keeled either anteriorly or posteriorly or both; dentition moderately hypsodont, premolar series rather long and slender, molars broad with ribs of medium strength" (Pilgrim and Hopwood, 1928, p. 24). The horn cores of Oioceros have a torsion.[4]
Speciesedit
Oioceros rothii was first named by Wagner in 1857.[1] He originally had the specimen he had found in Pikermi, Greece, under the name "Antilope rothii". In 1902, Gaillard reassigned the species to Oioceros rothii.[2]
Oioceros atropatenes was first named by Rodler & Weithofer in 1890.[1]
Oioceros jiulongkouensis was first named by G. Chen and W. Wu in 1976.
Oioceros noverca was first named by Pilgrim in 1934.
Oioceros robustus was first named by Chen and Wu in 1976.
Oioceros stenocephalus was first named by Chen and Wu in 1976.
Oioceros wegneri was first named by Andree in 1926. It possibly represents an entirely different genus of sheep.[1]
Oioceros tanyceras was first named by Gentry in 1970 from the Miocene site of Fort Ternan, Kenya.[5] It has alternatively been placed in the genus Hypsodontus.[6]
Referencesedit
^ abcdef"Oioceros rothii (Wagner, 1857) from the late Miocene of Pikermi, Greece". University of Athens, Department of Historical Geology and Palaeontology, Panepistimiopolis. 1997. Retrieved 2008-07-15.
^ abc(PDF). Guanfang Chen(Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica). July 1988. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 31, 2006. Retrieved 2008-07-15.
^(PDF). Chuankuei Li Qiu, Zhuding Qiu, and Shijie Wang. October 1981. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 11, 2005. Retrieved 2008-07-15.
^"Description and Comparisons - Horn Core". paleo-electronica.org. 2005. Retrieved 2008-07-15.
^Gentry, A. W. "The Bovidae (Mammalia) of the Fort Ternan fossil fauna." Fossil vertebrates of Africa 2 (1970): 243-323.
^Lars Werdelin, William Joseph Sanders, 2010, Cenozoic Mammals of Africa, p.747, University of California Press
oioceros, extinct, genus, spiral, horned, antelope, from, late, miocene, fossils, have, been, found, greece, china, iran, africa, first, discovered, wagner, 1857, contains, nine, species, rothii, atropatenes, jiulongkouensis, noverca, robustus, stenocephalus, . Oioceros is an extinct genus of spiral horned antelope from the late Miocene Its fossils have been found in Greece 1 China 2 Iran and Africa It was first discovered by Wagner in 1857 and contains nine species O rothii O atropatenes O jiulongkouensis O noverca O robustus O stenocephalus O lishanensis O wegneri and O tanyceras Former species include O grangeri Pilgrim 1934 now recognized as the genus Sinomegoceros and O xiejiaensis Li and Qui 1980 now recognized as the genus Sinopalaeoceros 2 OiocerosTemporal range late MioceneOioceros rothiiScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass MammaliaOrder ArtiodactylaFamily BovidaeGenus OiocerosGaillard 1902Type species Oioceros rothiiSpeciesO rothii O atropatenes O jiulongkouensis O noverca O robustus O stenocephalus O lishanensis O wegneri O tanycerasOioceros somewhat resembled a gazelle 3 Contents 1 Description 2 Species 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksDescription edit nbsp HornsIn 1997 an almost complete skull of O rothii proved that it was similar to Samotragus praecursor with a short face compared to its relatively long braincase and isolated horn cores 1 However unlike S praecursor O rothii had a jaw of primarily premolar teeth which were longer than the molars found in the latter 1 Pilgrim and Hopwood described the genus as being small size with long slender muzzle face bent down on basicranial axis either slightly or to a moderate extent orbits with expanded orbital roof horn cores twisted counter clockwise in a fairly close spiral of one or two revolutions widely separate tilted backward or fairly upright divergent with a cross section almost circular or elliptical keeled either anteriorly or posteriorly or both dentition moderately hypsodont premolar series rather long and slender molars broad with ribs of medium strength Pilgrim and Hopwood 1928 p 24 The horn cores of Oioceros have a torsion 4 Species editOioceros rothii was first named by Wagner in 1857 1 He originally had the specimen he had found in Pikermi Greece under the name Antilope rothii In 1902 Gaillard reassigned the species to Oioceros rothii 2 Oioceros atropatenes was first named by Rodler amp Weithofer in 1890 1 Oioceros jiulongkouensis was first named by G Chen and W Wu in 1976 Oioceros noverca was first named by Pilgrim in 1934 Oioceros robustus was first named by Chen and Wu in 1976 Oioceros stenocephalus was first named by Chen and Wu in 1976 Oioceros wegneri was first named by Andree in 1926 It possibly represents an entirely different genus of sheep 1 Oioceros tanyceras was first named by Gentry in 1970 from the Miocene site of Fort Ternan Kenya 5 It has alternatively been placed in the genus Hypsodontus 6 References edit a b c d e f Oioceros rothii Wagner 1857 from the late Miocene of Pikermi Greece University of Athens Department of Historical Geology and Palaeontology Panepistimiopolis 1997 Retrieved 2008 07 15 a b c The Phylogenetic Status of Oioceros from the Early to Middle Miocene of China PDF Guanfang Chen Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Academia Sinica July 1988 Archived from the original PDF on August 31 2006 Retrieved 2008 07 15 Miocene Sratigraphy and Fossil Mammals from the Xining Basin Qinghai PDF Chuankuei Li Qiu Zhuding Qiu and Shijie Wang October 1981 Archived from the original PDF on May 11 2005 Retrieved 2008 07 15 Description and Comparisons Horn Core paleo electronica org 2005 Retrieved 2008 07 15 Gentry A W The Bovidae Mammalia of the Fort Ternan fossil fauna Fossil vertebrates of Africa 2 1970 243 323 Lars Werdelin William Joseph Sanders 2010 Cenozoic Mammals of Africa p 747 University of California PressFurther reading editMammoths Sabertooths and Hominids by Jordi Agusti and Mauricio Anton Published 2002 Columbia University Press ISBN 0 231 11640 3 Classification of Mammals by Malcolm C McKenna and Susan K Bell Published 1997 Columbia University Press ISBN 0 231 11013 8External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Oioceros Oioceros at the Paleobiology Database Oioceras tanyceras at Zipcodezoo com UAE Interact A Walk Through Time nbsp Paleontology portal Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Oioceros amp oldid 1191077537, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
