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Ogooué River

January 01, 1970

The Ogooué (or Ogowe), also known as the Nazareth River, some 1,200 km (750 mi) long, is the principal river of Gabon in west-central Africa and the fourth largest river in Africa by volume of discharge, trailing only the Congo, Kasai and Niger. Its watershed drains nearly the entire country of Gabon, with some tributaries reaching into the Republic of the Congo, Cameroon, and Equatorial Guinea.[8]

Ogooué
The Ogooué watershed
Location
CountryGabon, Republic of the Congo
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • locationKengue, Republic of the Congo
 • elevation840 m (2,760 ft)
MouthAtlantic Ocean
 • location
Port Gentil, Gabon
 • coordinates
1°01′38″S 8°53′05″E / 1.0272°S 8.8848°E / -1.0272; 8.8848
 • elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Length1,200 km (750 mi)[1]
Basin size223,856 km2 (86,431 sq mi)[1]
Discharge 
 • locationOgowe Delta, Atlantic Ocean, Gabon
 • average(Period: 1971–2000)5,147.75 m3/s (181,791 cu ft/s)[3] 4,795 m3/s (169,300 cu ft/s) to 186 km3/a (5,900 m3/s)[4]
 • minimum1,950 m3/s (69,000 cu ft/s)[2]
 • maximum7,340 m3/s (259,000 cu ft/s) (13,500 m3/s (480,000 cu ft/s)[2]
Discharge 
 • locationLambaréné, Gabon (183 km upstream of mouth; Basin size: 205,082.57 km2 (79,182.82 sq mi))
 • average(Period of data: 1999–2015)4,935.2 m3/s (174,280 cu ft/s)[6]

(Period of data: 1940–1999)4,750 m3/s (168,000 cu ft/s)[1]

(Period: 1971–2000)4,485.4 m3/s (158,400 cu ft/s)[3]
 • minimum1,610 m3/s (57,000 cu ft/s)[5]
 • maximum9,440 m3/s (333,000 cu ft/s)[5]
Discharge 
 • locationNdjolé, Gabon (Basin size: 158,100 km2 (61,000 sq mi))
 • average(Period: 1971–2000)3,194.8 m3/s (112,820 cu ft/s)[3]
 • minimum1,200 m3/s (42,000 cu ft/s)[5]
 • maximum6,600 m3/s (230,000 cu ft/s)[5]
Discharge 
 • locationLastoursville, Gabon (Basin size: 47,700 km2 (18,400 sq mi))
 • average1,304.6 m3/s (46,070 cu ft/s)[7]
 • minimum650 m3/s (23,000 cu ft/s)[5]
 • maximum2,800 m3/s (99,000 cu ft/s)[5]
Discharge 
 • locationFranceville, Gabon (Basin size: 8,670 km2 (3,350 sq mi))
 • average(Period of data: 1953–1981)253 m3/s (8,900 cu ft/s)[5]
 • minimum122 m3/s (4,300 cu ft/s)[5]
 • maximum520 m3/s (18,000 cu ft/s)[5]
Basin features
River systemOgooué River
Tributaries 
 • leftLetili, Lebombi, Lekedi, Leyou, Lolo, Offoue, Ngounié
 • rightMpassa, Léconi, Sebe, Lassio, Dilo, Ivindo, Nké, Okano, Abanga

Course edit

The source of the Ogooué River was discovered in 1894 by Mary Kingsley, an English explorer who travelled up the banks by steamboat and canoe.[citation needed] The river rises in the northwest of the Bateke Plateaux near Kengue, Republic of Congo.[8] It runs northwest, and enters Gabon near Boumango. Poubara Falls are near Maulongo. From Lastoursville up to Ndjole, the Ogooué is non-navigable due to rapids. From the latter city, it runs west, and enters the Gulf of Guinea near Ozouri, south of Port Gentil. The Ogowe Delta is quite large, about 100 km long and 100 km wide.

Basin edit

The Ogooué Basin is 223,856 km2 (86,431 sq mi), of which 173,000 km2 (67,000 sq mi) or 73 percent lies within Gabon. It mostly consists of undisturbed rainforest with some savanna grassland where the mid-year dry season is longest. It is home to a high biodiversity. All three species of African crocodile, for instance, occur in the river: the Nile crocodile, the dwarf crocodile, and the slender-snouted crocodile. It is also the type locality for the catfish Synodontis acanthoperca.[9]

The Mpassa River is a tributary of the Ogooué River. The Ndjoumou River is the main tributary of Mpassa River.

Distance from river mouth[10]

Station (km) Altitude (m)
Lambaréné 183 12
Ngounié* 196 13
Abanga* 242 20
Ndjolé 280 25
Okano* 314 40
N'golo* 359 72
Offoué* 424 142
Booué 451 161
Ivindo * 481 180
Dilo* 503 182
Lolo* 512 186
Lassio* 535 200
Lastoursville 616 226
Sébé* 685 242
Leyou* 696 243
Léconi* 714 248
Lékabi* 725 249
Lébombi* 774 270
Mpassa* 802 280
Baniaka* 871 426

*River in confluence

Economy edit

The Ogooué is navigable from Ndjole to the sea. It is used to bring wood to the Port Gentil Harbour.

The Ogowe Basin includes several major conservation reserves, including Lope National Park.

The catchment area has an average population density of 4 people per km². Towns along the river include Ayem, Adané, Loanda, Lambaréné, Ndjole, Booué, Kankan, Maulongo, Mboungou-Mbadouma, Ndoro, Lastoursville, Moanda, and Franceville near the Congo border.

Towns in Congo include Zanaga.

The first European explorer to trace the river to its source was Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza, who traveled in the area in the 1870s.[8]

Tributaries edit

 
Ogooué River
 
Fan women and child, banks of the Ogoway. From The earth and its inhabitants, Africa (published 1890-1893 [v.1, 1892] )

The Ogowe River receives water of numerous tributaries including:

List of major tributaries edit

The main river and tributaries are (sorted in order from the mouth heading upstream):

Left

tributary

Right

tributary

Length

(km)

Basin size

(km²)

Average discharge

(m3/s)

Nkomi 170 8,900 275
Ngounié 680 33,100 1,002.4
Biné 21
M'boumi 35.1
Abanga 226 7,800 190.3
Okano 280 10,900 192.9
Ngolo 14.6
Mingoué 21.2
Leledi 33.2
Offoué 235 7,300 129.3
Nké 1,600 26
Ivindo 570 62,700 1,057.8
Dilo 160 54.3
Lolo 240 9,700 219.4
Lassio 160 4,000 114.4
Sébé 232 11,900 237
Leyou 1,900 45.5
Lékoni 160 7,600 242.2
Lékabi 2,100 46.7
Lekedi 800 34.6
Lébombi 3,400 106.9
Mpassa 136 6,400 226.3
Baniaka 21.4
Letili 43.5
Loua 11
Djoulou 12.7
Loungou 11.4
Léfou 8.9
Léouké 23.3
Nsiele 14.1

[1][7][10]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d "FAO".
  2. ^ a b "Source book for the inland fishery resources of Africa Vol. 2".
  3. ^ a b c "Central West Coast".
  4. ^ Aiguio, Dai; Kevin E., Trenberth (2003). "New Estimates of Continental Discharge and Oceanic Freshwater Transport" (PDF).
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Evaluation Hidrologique de l'Afrique Sub-Saharienne Pays de Afrique l'Ouest" (PDF). 1992.
  6. ^ "Modeling the Ogooué river discharge based on multi-missions altimetry data". 2018.
  7. ^ a b "Rivers Network".
  8. ^ a b c Scheffel, Richard L.; Wernet, Susan J., eds. (1980). Natural Wonders of the World. United States of America: Reader's Digest Association, Inc. p. 275. ISBN 0-89577-087-3.
  9. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2013). "Synodontis acanthoperca" in FishBase. March 2013 version.
  10. ^ a b "Prospection hydro-électrique générale des bassins de l'ogooué et de la nyanga" (PDF). 1962.
  • Perusset André. 1983. Oro-Hydrographie (Le Relief) in Geographie et Cartographie du Gabon, Atlas Illustré led by The Ministère de l'Education Nationale de la Republique Gabonaise. Pg 10-13. Paris, France: Edicef.
  • Petringa, Maria. Brazza, A Life for Africa. Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse, 2006. ISBN 9781-4259-11980. Describes Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza's extensive explorations of the Ogoué River basin.
  • National Geographic. 2003. African Adventure Atlas Pg 24,72. led by Sean Fraser.
  • Gardinier David. 1994. Historical Dictionary of Gabon 2nd Edition. USA: The Scarercrow Press, Inc.
  • Direction General de L'Environnement.1999. Stratégie nationale et Plan D'action sur la biodiversité biologique du Gabon.
  • The Atlas of Africa. Pg 201. by Regine Van Chi-Bonnardel. Jeune Afrique Editions.
  • Lerique Jacques. 1983. Hydrographie-Hydrologie. in Geographie et Cartographie du Gabon, Atlas Illustré led by The Ministère de l'Education Nationale de la Republique Gabonaise. Pg 14-15. Paris, France: Edicef.

External links edit

 
Wikisource has the text of The New Student's Reference Work article "Ogowe".
  • Maria Petringa's 1997 "Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza: Brief Life of a Lover of Africa" about Brazza's extensive explorations of the Ogoué River basin

2°40′S 14°30′E / 2.667°S 14.500°E / -2.667; 14.500

January 01, 1970
ogooué, river, ogooué, ogowe, also, known, nazareth, river, some, long, principal, river, gabon, west, central, africa, fourth, largest, river, africa, volume, discharge, trailing, only, congo, kasai, niger, watershed, drains, nearly, entire, country, gabon, w. The Ogooue or Ogowe also known as the Nazareth River some 1 200 km 750 mi long is the principal river of Gabon in west central Africa and the fourth largest river in Africa by volume of discharge trailing only the Congo Kasai and Niger Its watershed drains nearly the entire country of Gabon with some tributaries reaching into the Republic of the Congo Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea 8 OgooueThe Ogooue watershedLocationCountryGabon Republic of the CongoPhysical characteristicsSource locationKengue Republic of the Congo elevation840 m 2 760 ft MouthAtlantic Ocean locationPort Gentil Gabon coordinates1 01 38 S 8 53 05 E 1 0272 S 8 8848 E 1 0272 8 8848 elevation0 m 0 ft Length1 200 km 750 mi 1 Basin size223 856 km2 86 431 sq mi 1 Discharge locationOgowe Delta Atlantic Ocean Gabon average Period 1971 2000 5 147 75 m3 s 181 791 cu ft s 3 4 795 m3 s 169 300 cu ft s to 186 km3 a 5 900 m3 s 4 minimum1 950 m3 s 69 000 cu ft s 2 maximum7 340 m3 s 259 000 cu ft s 13 500 m3 s 480 000 cu ft s 2 Discharge locationLambarene Gabon 183 km upstream of mouth Basin size 205 082 57 km2 79 182 82 sq mi average Period of data 1999 2015 4 935 2 m3 s 174 280 cu ft s 6 Period of data 1940 1999 4 750 m3 s 168 000 cu ft s 1 Period 1971 2000 4 485 4 m3 s 158 400 cu ft s 3 minimum1 610 m3 s 57 000 cu ft s 5 maximum9 440 m3 s 333 000 cu ft s 5 Discharge locationNdjole Gabon Basin size 158 100 km2 61 000 sq mi average Period 1971 2000 3 194 8 m3 s 112 820 cu ft s 3 minimum1 200 m3 s 42 000 cu ft s 5 maximum6 600 m3 s 230 000 cu ft s 5 Discharge locationLastoursville Gabon Basin size 47 700 km2 18 400 sq mi average1 304 6 m3 s 46 070 cu ft s 7 minimum650 m3 s 23 000 cu ft s 5 maximum2 800 m3 s 99 000 cu ft s 5 Discharge locationFranceville Gabon Basin size 8 670 km2 3 350 sq mi average Period of data 1953 1981 253 m3 s 8 900 cu ft s 5 minimum122 m3 s 4 300 cu ft s 5 maximum520 m3 s 18 000 cu ft s 5 Basin featuresRiver systemOgooue RiverTributaries leftLetili Lebombi Lekedi Leyou Lolo Offoue Ngounie rightMpassa Leconi Sebe Lassio Dilo Ivindo Nke Okano Abanga Contents 1 Course 2 Basin 3 Economy 4 Tributaries 4 1 List of major tributaries 5 References 6 External linksCourse editThe source of the Ogooue River was discovered in 1894 by Mary Kingsley an English explorer who travelled up the banks by steamboat and canoe citation needed The river rises in the northwest of the Bateke Plateaux near Kengue Republic of Congo 8 It runs northwest and enters Gabon near Boumango Poubara Falls are near Maulongo From Lastoursville up to Ndjole the Ogooue is non navigable due to rapids From the latter city it runs west and enters the Gulf of Guinea near Ozouri south of Port Gentil The Ogowe Delta is quite large about 100 km long and 100 km wide Basin editThe Ogooue Basin is 223 856 km2 86 431 sq mi of which 173 000 km2 67 000 sq mi or 73 percent lies within Gabon It mostly consists of undisturbed rainforest with some savanna grassland where the mid year dry season is longest It is home to a high biodiversity All three species of African crocodile for instance occur in the river the Nile crocodile the dwarf crocodile and the slender snouted crocodile It is also the type locality for the catfish Synodontis acanthoperca 9 The Mpassa River is a tributary of the Ogooue River The Ndjoumou River is the main tributary of Mpassa River Distance from river mouth 10 Station km Altitude m Lambarene 183 12 Ngounie 196 13 Abanga 242 20 Ndjole 280 25 Okano 314 40 N golo 359 72 Offoue 424 142 Booue 451 161 Ivindo 481 180 Dilo 503 182 Lolo 512 186 Lassio 535 200 Lastoursville 616 226 Sebe 685 242 Leyou 696 243 Leconi 714 248 Lekabi 725 249 Lebombi 774 270 Mpassa 802 280 Baniaka 871 426 River in confluenceEconomy editThe Ogooue is navigable from Ndjole to the sea It is used to bring wood to the Port Gentil Harbour The Ogowe Basin includes several major conservation reserves including Lope National Park The catchment area has an average population density of 4 people per km Towns along the river include Ayem Adane Loanda Lambarene Ndjole Booue Kankan Maulongo Mboungou Mbadouma Ndoro Lastoursville Moanda and Franceville near the Congo border Towns in Congo include Zanaga The first European explorer to trace the river to its source was Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza who traveled in the area in the 1870s 8 Tributaries edit nbsp Ogooue River nbsp Fan women and child banks of the Ogoway From The earth and its inhabitants Africa published 1890 1893 v 1 1892 The Ogowe River receives water of numerous tributaries including Abanga which rises in the Cristal Mountains near Medouneu Baniaka Dilo Iyinda the most important tributary Letili Lassio Lebombi Lekabi Lekedi Lekoni which flows across Akieni and Leconi Letili Leyou Lolo Mbine Ngolo Ngounie Nke Offoue Okano whose main tributary is the Lara River Mpassa which flows across Franceville Sebe which flows past Okondja Wagny List of major tributaries edit The main river and tributaries are sorted in order from the mouth heading upstream Left tributary Right tributary Length km Basin size km Average discharge m3 s Nkomi 170 8 900 275 Ngounie 680 33 100 1 002 4 Bine 21 M boumi 35 1 Abanga 226 7 800 190 3 Okano 280 10 900 192 9 Ngolo 14 6 Mingoue 21 2 Leledi 33 2 Offoue 235 7 300 129 3 Nke 1 600 26 Ivindo 570 62 700 1 057 8 Dilo 160 54 3 Lolo 240 9 700 219 4 Lassio 160 4 000 114 4 Sebe 232 11 900 237 Leyou 1 900 45 5 Lekoni 160 7 600 242 2 Lekabi 2 100 46 7 Lekedi 800 34 6 Lebombi 3 400 106 9 Mpassa 136 6 400 226 3 Baniaka 21 4 Letili 43 5 Loua 11 Djoulou 12 7 Loungou 11 4 Lefou 8 9 Leouke 23 3 Nsiele 14 1 1 7 10 References edit a b c d FAO a b Source book for the inland fishery resources of Africa Vol 2 a b c Central West Coast Aiguio Dai Kevin E Trenberth 2003 New Estimates of Continental Discharge and Oceanic Freshwater Transport PDF a b c d e f g h i Evaluation Hidrologique de l Afrique Sub Saharienne Pays de Afrique l Ouest PDF 1992 Modeling the Ogooue river discharge based on multi missions altimetry data 2018 a b Rivers Network a b c Scheffel Richard L Wernet Susan J eds 1980 Natural Wonders of the World United States of America Reader s Digest Association Inc p 275 ISBN 0 89577 087 3 Froese Rainer Pauly Daniel eds 2013 Synodontis acanthoperca in FishBase March 2013 version a b Prospection hydro electrique generale des bassins de l ogooue et de la nyanga PDF 1962 Perusset Andre 1983 Oro Hydrographie Le Relief in Geographie et Cartographie du Gabon Atlas Illustre led by The Ministere de l Education Nationale de la Republique Gabonaise Pg 10 13 Paris France Edicef Petringa Maria Brazza A Life for Africa Bloomington IN AuthorHouse 2006 ISBN 9781 4259 11980 Describes Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza s extensive explorations of the Ogoue River basin National Geographic 2003 African Adventure Atlas Pg 24 72 led by Sean Fraser Gardinier David 1994 Historical Dictionary of Gabon 2nd Edition USA The Scarercrow Press Inc Direction General de L Environnement 1999 Strategie nationale et Plan D action sur la biodiversite biologique du Gabon The Atlas of Africa Pg 201 by Regine Van Chi Bonnardel Jeune Afrique Editions Lerique Jacques 1983 Hydrographie Hydrologie in Geographie et Cartographie du Gabon Atlas Illustre led by The Ministere de l Education Nationale de la Republique Gabonaise Pg 14 15 Paris France Edicef External links edit nbsp Wikisource has the text of The New Student s Reference Work article Ogowe World Resources Institute map of Ogooue watershed Map of the Ogoue River basin at Water Resources eAtlas Maria Petringa s 1997 Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza Brief Life of a Lover of Africa about Brazza s extensive explorations of the Ogoue River basin Website about the dinosaur hunt 2 40 S 14 30 E 2 667 S 14 500 E 2 667 14 500 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ogooue River amp oldid 1219420944, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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