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Refusal of Polish troops to swear allegiance and obedience to the Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany
Convictions
Józef Piłsudski and Kazimierz Sosnkowski
Initially supporting the Central Powers against Imperial Russia, Piłsudski hoped for the defeat of one of the partitioning powers—Russia—with the help of the other two partitioning states, Austria-Hungary and Germany. However, after the Russian defeat in 1917 it became clear that the Central Powers were in no position to guarantee the independence of Poland. Despite the Act of November 5th of 1916 and the creation of Kingdom of Poland, it was apparent that the newly created state would be little more than a puppet buffer-state for Germany, a part of its Mitteleuropa plan.
At this point, Piłsudski decided to switch allegiances to gain the support of the Entente, particularly France and the United Kingdom, for the cause of Polish independence. A good pretext appeared in July 1917, when the Central Powers demanded that the soldiers of the Polish Legions swear allegiance and obedience to the Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany. Persuaded by Piłsudski, the majority of the soldiers of the 1st and 3rd Brigades of the Legions declined to take the oath. In the end, soldiers who were citizens of Austrian Empire (roughly 3,000) were then forcibly drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army, demoted to the rank of private and sent to the Italian Front, while those born in other parts of occupied Poland were interned in prisoner of war camps in Szczypiorno and Beniaminów. Approximately 7,500 soldiers (mostly from the 2nd Brigade of the Legions) remained in the rump Polish Auxiliary Corps, part of the Polnische Wehrmacht. Piłsudski himself and his Chief of Staff Kazimierz Sosnkowski were arrested on 22 July 1917 and interned in the German fortress of Magdeburg.[1]
In protest against the internment of Polish soldiers, the members of Provisional Council of State (the main authority in Kingdom at that time) resigned their seats, which led to full dissolution of Council. It was later replaced by the Regency Council.[2]
^Winnicki, Zdzisiaw Julian (2017). Rada Regencyjna Królestwa Polskiego i jej organy (1917 – 1918) (in Polish). Wrocław. p. 29.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
March 07, 2024
oath, crisis, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, german, click, show, important, translation, instructions, machine, translation, like, deepl, google, translate, useful, starting, point, translations, translators. You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in German Click show for important translation instructions Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 9 027 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at de Eidkrise see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated de Eidkrise to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Oath crisis news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2012 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Oath crisis Polish Kryzys przysiegowy German Eidkrise was a World War I political conflict between the Imperial German Army command and the Jozef Pilsudski led Polish Legions Oath crisisDateJuly 1917LocationPolandTypePolitical conflictCauseRefusal of Polish troops to swear allegiance and obedience to the Emperor Wilhelm II of GermanyConvictionsJozef Pilsudski and Kazimierz SosnkowskiInitially supporting the Central Powers against Imperial Russia Pilsudski hoped for the defeat of one of the partitioning powers Russia with the help of the other two partitioning states Austria Hungary and Germany However after the Russian defeat in 1917 it became clear that the Central Powers were in no position to guarantee the independence of Poland Despite the Act of November 5th of 1916 and the creation of Kingdom of Poland it was apparent that the newly created state would be little more than a puppet buffer state for Germany a part of its Mitteleuropa plan At this point Pilsudski decided to switch allegiances to gain the support of the Entente particularly France and the United Kingdom for the cause of Polish independence A good pretext appeared in July 1917 when the Central Powers demanded that the soldiers of the Polish Legions swear allegiance and obedience to the Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany Persuaded by Pilsudski the majority of the soldiers of the 1st and 3rd Brigades of the Legions declined to take the oath In the end soldiers who were citizens of Austrian Empire roughly 3 000 were then forcibly drafted into the Austro Hungarian Army demoted to the rank of private and sent to the Italian Front while those born in other parts of occupied Poland were interned in prisoner of war camps in Szczypiorno and Beniaminow Approximately 7 500 soldiers mostly from the 2nd Brigade of the Legions remained in the rump Polish Auxiliary Corps part of the Polnische Wehrmacht Pilsudski himself and his Chief of Staff Kazimierz Sosnkowski were arrested on 22 July 1917 and interned in the German fortress of Magdeburg 1 In protest against the internment of Polish soldiers the members of Provisional Council of State the main authority in Kingdom at that time resigned their seats which led to full dissolution of Council It was later replaced by the Regency Council 2 See also editPolish Army oathsReferences edit Fiddian Reddaway William 1950 The Cambridge History of Poland Cambridge University Press p 470 OCLC 58582739 Winnicki Zdzisiaw Julian 2017 Rada Regencyjna Krolestwa Polskiego i jej organy 1917 1918 in Polish Wroclaw p 29 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Oath crisis amp oldid 1183262058, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
