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Nucleotide sugars metabolism

January 20, 2023

In nucleotide sugar metabolism a group of biochemicals known as nucleotide sugars act as donors for sugar residues in the glycosylation reactions that produce polysaccharides.[1] They are substrates for glycosyltransferases.[2] The nucleotide sugars are also intermediates in nucleotide sugar interconversions that produce some of the activated sugars needed for glycosylation reactions.[1] Since most glycosylation takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus, there are a large family of nucleotide sugar transporters that allow nucleotide sugars to move from the cytoplasm, where they are produced, into the organelles where they are consumed.[3][4]

The nucleotide sugar UDP-galactose.

Nucleotide sugar metabolism is particularly well-studied in yeast,[5] fungal pathogens,[6] and bacterial pathogens, such as E. coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, since these molecules are required for the synthesis of glycoconjugates on the surfaces of these organisms.[7][8] These glycoconjugates are virulence factors and components of the fungal and bacterial cell wall. These pathways are also studied in plants, but here the enzymes involved are less well understood.[9]

References

  1. ^ a b Ginsburg V (1978). "Comparative biochemistry of nucleotide-linked sugars". Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 23: 595–600. PMID 351635.
  2. ^ Rademacher T, Parekh R, Dwek R (1988). "Glycobiology". Annu Rev Biochem. 57: 785–838. doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.57.070188.004033. PMID 3052290.
  3. ^ Handford M, Rodriguez-Furlán C, Orellana A (2006). "Nucleotide-sugar transporters: structure, function and roles in vivo". Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 39 (9): 1149–58. doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2006000900002. PMID 16981043.
  4. ^ Gerardy-Schahn R, Oelmann S, Bakker H (2001). "Nucleotide sugar transporters: biological and functional aspects". Biochimie. 83 (8): 775–82. doi:10.1016/S0300-9084(01)01322-0. PMID 11530210.
  5. ^ Dean N, Zhang YB, Poster JB (1997). "The VRG4 gene is required for GDP-mannose transport into the lumen of the Golgi in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (50): 31908–14. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.50.31908. PMID 9395539.
  6. ^ Nishikawa A.; Poster J.B.; Jigami Y.; Dean N. (2002). "Molecular and phenotypic analysis of CaVRG4, encoding an essential Golgi apparatus GDP-mannose transporter". J. Bacteriol. 184 (50): 29–42. doi:10.1128/JB.184.1.29-42.2002. PMC 134776. PMID 11741841.
  7. ^ Samuel G, Reeves P (2003). "Biosynthesis of O-antigens: genes and pathways involved in nucleotide sugar precursor synthesis and O-antigen assembly". Carbohydr. Res. 338 (23): 2503–19. doi:10.1016/j.carres.2003.07.009. PMID 14670712.
  8. ^ Ma Y, Pan F, McNeil M (2002). "Formation of dTDP-rhamnose is essential for growth of mycobacteria". J. Bacteriol. 184 (12): 3392–5. doi:10.1128/JB.184.12.3392-3395.2002. PMC 135104. PMID 12029057.
  9. ^ Seifert GJ (2004). "Nucleotide sugar interconversions and cell wall biosynthesis: how to bring the inside to the outside". Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 7 (3): 277–84. doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2004.03.004. PMID 15134748.


 

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January 20, 2023
nucleotide, sugars, metabolism, nucleotide, sugar, metabolism, group, biochemicals, known, nucleotide, sugars, donors, sugar, residues, glycosylation, reactions, that, produce, polysaccharides, they, substrates, glycosyltransferases, nucleotide, sugars, also, . In nucleotide sugar metabolism a group of biochemicals known as nucleotide sugars act as donors for sugar residues in the glycosylation reactions that produce polysaccharides 1 They are substrates for glycosyltransferases 2 The nucleotide sugars are also intermediates in nucleotide sugar interconversions that produce some of the activated sugars needed for glycosylation reactions 1 Since most glycosylation takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus there are a large family of nucleotide sugar transporters that allow nucleotide sugars to move from the cytoplasm where they are produced into the organelles where they are consumed 3 4 The nucleotide sugar UDP galactose Nucleotide sugar metabolism is particularly well studied in yeast 5 fungal pathogens 6 and bacterial pathogens such as E coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis since these molecules are required for the synthesis of glycoconjugates on the surfaces of these organisms 7 8 These glycoconjugates are virulence factors and components of the fungal and bacterial cell wall These pathways are also studied in plants but here the enzymes involved are less well understood 9 References Edit a b Ginsburg V 1978 Comparative biochemistry of nucleotide linked sugars Prog Clin Biol Res 23 595 600 PMID 351635 Rademacher T Parekh R Dwek R 1988 Glycobiology Annu Rev Biochem 57 785 838 doi 10 1146 annurev bi 57 070188 004033 PMID 3052290 Handford M Rodriguez Furlan C Orellana A 2006 Nucleotide sugar transporters structure function and roles in vivo Braz J Med Biol Res 39 9 1149 58 doi 10 1590 s0100 879x2006000900002 PMID 16981043 Gerardy Schahn R Oelmann S Bakker H 2001 Nucleotide sugar transporters biological and functional aspects Biochimie 83 8 775 82 doi 10 1016 S0300 9084 01 01322 0 PMID 11530210 Dean N Zhang YB Poster JB 1997 The VRG4 gene is required for GDP mannose transport into the lumen of the Golgi in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae J Biol Chem 272 50 31908 14 doi 10 1074 jbc 272 50 31908 PMID 9395539 Nishikawa A Poster J B Jigami Y Dean N 2002 Molecular and phenotypic analysis of CaVRG4 encoding an essential Golgi apparatus GDP mannose transporter J Bacteriol 184 50 29 42 doi 10 1128 JB 184 1 29 42 2002 PMC 134776 PMID 11741841 Samuel G Reeves P 2003 Biosynthesis of O antigens genes and pathways involved in nucleotide sugar precursor synthesis and O antigen assembly Carbohydr Res 338 23 2503 19 doi 10 1016 j carres 2003 07 009 PMID 14670712 Ma Y Pan F McNeil M 2002 Formation of dTDP rhamnose is essential for growth of mycobacteria J Bacteriol 184 12 3392 5 doi 10 1128 JB 184 12 3392 3395 2002 PMC 135104 PMID 12029057 Seifert GJ 2004 Nucleotide sugar interconversions and cell wall biosynthesis how to bring the inside to the outside Curr Opin Plant Biol 7 3 277 84 doi 10 1016 j pbi 2004 03 004 PMID 15134748 This biochemistry article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nucleotide sugars metabolism amp oldid 1054276920, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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