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Automotive night vision

April 15, 2024

An automotive night vision system uses a thermographic camera to increase a driver's perception and seeing distance in darkness or poor weather beyond the reach of the vehicle's headlights. Such systems are offered as optional equipment on certain premium vehicles. The technology was first introduced in the year 2000 on the Cadillac Deville.[1] This technology is based on the night vision devices (NVD), which generally denotes any electronically enhanced optical devices operate in three modes: image enhancement, thermal imaging, and active illumination.[2] The automotive night vision system is a combination of NVDs such as infrared cameras, GPS, Lidar, and Radar, among others to sense and detect objects.[2]

Audi A8 Night Vision Assistant

Display type edit

There are two types of systems, either passive or active systems, both have advantages and disadvantages when compared to the other.[3][4][5] The passive system pertains to the technologies that detect thermal radiation emitted by humans, animals, and other objects in the road while the active systems illuminate objects as a significant distance ahead using infrared light sources.[2]

Active systems edit

Active systems use an infrared light source built into the car to illuminate the road ahead with light that is invisible to humans. There are two kinds of active systems: gated and non-gated. The gated system uses a pulsed light source and a synchronized camera that enable long ranges (250m) and high performance in rain and snow.

Near Infrared wavelength is 0.75–1.4 µm is smaller and can pass between the typical fog particles. Fog particles sizes are typically 10 to 15 microns and ranges is sizes from 1 to 100 microns.[6]Far infrared has a wavelength of 15 micrometers (µm) to 1 mm. During night-time operations, police officers with range gated near infrared cameras can read license plates at a distance of up to 1.2 km.[7] Near Infrared (NIR) cameras are available to see 50 km through fog, haze, smoke, rain.[8]

  • Pros: higher resolution image, superior picture of inanimate objects, works better in warmer conditions, smaller sensor can be mounted to rearview mirror.
  • Cons: does not work as well in fog or rain, lower contrast for animals, shorter range of 150–200 meters or 500–650 feet

Mercedes-Benz edit

 
Night View Assist infrared projector visible next to Bi-Xenon HID main headlight, Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W221)

Night View Assist prototype was shown in 2003 on the Mercedes-Benz F500 concept.

Series production Night View Assist system introduced in 2005 on the redesigned Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W221). It was the first system to use the instrument cluster's LCD as a display.[9]

2009: Night View Assist Plus added a pedestrian detection function calling the revised system on the redesigned Mercedes-Benz E-Class (W212) and refreshed S-class,[10] however, the E-class uses the navigation screen's display.

2011: Night View Assist Plus with Spotlight Function premiere: the Mercedes-Benz CL-Class (C216) became the first series production car with night vision-guided pedestrian spotlighting (HID version)[11] can flash at any pedestrians it detects in order to warn both the driver and the pedestrians. The flashing light is directed in such a way that vehicles in front and oncoming traffic are not dazzled.[12]

2013: Night View Assist Plus with animal detection on the W222 S-Class.[13]

Toyota edit

 
Night View system on the 2003 Lexus LX 470

In 2002 Toyota Night View was the first worldwide series production active automotive night vision system, introduced on the Toyota Landcruiser Cygnus or Lexus LX470. This system uses the headlight projectors emitting near infrared light aimed like the car's highbeam headlights and a CCD camera then captures that reflected radiation, this signal is then processed by computer which produces a black-and-white image which is projected on the lower section of the windshield.[14][15]

In February 2008 the Toyota Crown Hybrid added a feature which highlights pedestrians[16] and presents them in a box on an LCD display in front of the driver.[17] This was the first pedestrian detection feature for an active system.[18]

In 2009, Lexus introduced Night View on the LS, but only in Japan.

In 2012 Lexus introduced Night View worldwide, on LS[19] and GS. The Night View system combines a windshield mounted near infra-red camera and near infra-red projectors within the headlamps with a Night View ECU to display an image of the road ahead on center console display screen. Moving the image from the driver’s instrument display to the center console offers drivers a larger display and an easier viewing angle. With the camera constantly in operation and the near infra-red projectors activating at speeds over 10 MPH to enhance system efficiency, night view will display an area up to 65 feet in front of the vehicle.[19][20] This system was discontinued for 2014 in the US.[21]

Passive systems edit

Passive infrared systems do not use an infrared light source, instead they capture thermal radiation already emitted by the objects, using a thermographic camera.

  • Pros: greater range of about 300 meters or 1,000 feet, higher contrast for living objects[3]
  • Cons: grainy, lower resolution image, works poorly in warmer weather conditions, larger sensor

Audi edit

 
Night Vision Assistant infrared camera visible on Audi A8 grill, right circle

Night Vision Assistant was introduced in 2010 on the Audi A8. It uses a thermal imaging camera behind the four rings at the front of the car which can "see" 300 meters (984 ft) ahead. The display in the instrument cluster highlights humans with yellow markings. More importantly, the computer can determine if the person on the road moves in a way that could lead to a collision with the car. In that case the pedestrian is being marked in red color and the driver of the car receives an audible warning.[22]

2013 update added animal detection.[23] and Pedestrian Marker Lights: As soon as a pedestrian is detected by the Night Vision Assistant in a critical range in front of the vehicle, individual Matrix LEDs flash briefly 3 times in succession to alert that person, who is then clearly visible to the driver.[24]

BMW edit

BMW Night Vision introduced in 2005 on the BMW 7 Series (E65). This system processes far infrared radiation, which minimizes non-essential information placing a greater emphasis on pedestrians and animals, allows for a range of 300 meters or nearly 1,000 feet, and avoids "dazzle" from headlights, road lights and similar intense light sources.[25]

2008 update added pedestrian detection system on the redesigned BMW 7 Series (F01), which flashes a caution symbol on the navigation/information screen and automotive head-up display when it detects pedestrians.[26]

2013 update added Dynamic Light Spot.

2013 update added animal detection. The system provides a real-time video image that also depicts on the Control Display persons, animals and other objects emitting heat when they are outside of the light beam and warns in the event of an impending collision. The Dynamic Light Spot is produced by a special headlight that directs the light beam onto the recognised persons or animals respectively, thus drawing the driver’s attention to possible hazards in good time. As soon as the remote infrared detects pedestrians or larger animals on course for collision in the dark, the system directs two separately controlled Dynamic Light Spots at them without creating an unpleasant glare. In the event of an acute risk, an acoustic warning signal is also sounded and the brakes are set to maximum standby. For the model year 2014, the BMW 5 Series will also have these new features.

Cadillac edit

First worldwide series production automotive night vision on 2000 Cadillac Deville: Night Vision, however it was discontinued in 2004.[27] This system was developed with Raytheon and worked by using a passive infrared sensor camera mounted behind the vehicle's grille. Infrared radiation is picked up by the sensor, processed by computer and then displayed on the windshield using a head-up display. Information is displayed as a black-and-white image with warmer objects in white, while cooler objects appear black.[28][29][30] Because this system outputs a standard NTSC composite video signal and the used parts are somewhat easy and inexpensive to find, it has become a popular choice for fitting thermal night vision to other vehicles.[31] After a long hiatus, the 2016 flagship Cadillac CT6 was equipped with an improved version of the Enhanced Night Vision, in which the images are displayed and embedded in the instrument panel instead of being displayed as a reflection on the windshield.[32]

Honda edit

In 2004, Honda introduced first worldwide system with pedestrian detection on redesigned Honda Legend: Intelligent Night Vision. It detected far infrared radiation. The pedestrian detection feature alerted the driver with an audio warning and visually enclosed the pedestrian in a box on the display which was presented via head-up display.[33][34] The night vision system uses a separate heads up type display projected on the center bottom of the windshield. The infrared cameras do not require a light source, and the software is able to detect human like figures, surround the image with a red box and give audible caution tones.

DS Automobiles edit

DS Night Vision offers road visibility by night. An infrared camera in the front grill identifies objects, pedestrians and animals on the road at a distance of up to 100m.[citation needed] A digital instrument cluster shows the driver the area around the car in infrared, with a yellow line around any sources of potential danger. For critical danger, the line becomes red, allowing the driver to react to the situation.[35] The DS 7 Crossback is the first DS vehicle to include Night Vision.

Peugeot edit

On the Peugeot 508, an optional night vision system helps to see pedestrians and animals during the night and alert the driver.[36]

Automobiles edit

Active edit

Passive edit

1 includes pedestrian and animal detection

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ . Cars.com. Archived from the original on September 22, 2008.
  2. ^ a b c Suh, Sang; Anthony, Thomas (2018). Big Data and Visual Analytics. Cham: Springer. p. 39. ISBN 9783319639154.
  3. ^ a b Jones, Willie D. (March 2006). . IEEE Spectrum. Spectrum.ieee.org. Archived from the original on 2008-07-04. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  4. ^ "Night vision enhancement systems". I-CAR Advantage Online. I-car.com. 2006-05-15. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  5. ^ Austin, Ian (October 31, 2005). "Illuminating Road Hazards That Lurk Beyond Lights". New York Times.
  6. ^ Atmospheric Optics | Clouds, fog & water droplets
  7. ^ Obzerv | ACTIVE RANGE-GATED Night Vision Cameras
  8. ^ Ascendent Technology Group | Fog Penetrating NIR Near Infrared & Thermal Infrared Zoom Surveillance Cameras
  9. ^ (Press release). Stuttgart: Daimler. June 20, 2005. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.
  10. ^ (Press release). Stuttgart: Daimler. May 11, 2009. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.
  11. ^ (Press release). Stuttgart: Daimler. December 8, 2010. Archived from the original on December 29, 2014.
  12. ^ "Night View Assist Plus". Mercedes Benz Tech Center. Archived from the original on 29 December 2014.
  13. ^ (Press release). Stuttgart/Hamburg: Daimler. May 15, 2013. Archived from the original on December 29, 2014.
  14. ^ Romans, Brent (2002-10-31). . Edmunds.com. Archived from the original on 2009-05-31. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  15. ^ . Toyota.Co.Jp. Archived from the original on 2008-03-25. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  16. ^ "75 Years of TOYOTA - Technical Development - Electronics Parts". TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION GLOBAL WEBSITE. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
  17. ^ "Technology File - Night View". Toyota Global. Archived from the original on 31 December 2014. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
  18. ^ Korzeniewski, Jeremy (2008-05-31). "Toyota introduces Night View on Japanese Crown Hybrid". Autoblog Green. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  19. ^ a b http://www.toyota.com/esq/pdf/The%202013%20LS%20Advanced%20Active%20Safety%20%282%290.pdf[permanent dead link] 2013 Lexus LS Advanced Active Safety Features
  20. ^ . October 17, 2012. Archived from the original on October 23, 2012.
  21. ^ Luke Vandezande (September 26, 2013). "Lexus Drops Night Vision Tech". AutoGuide.
  22. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 17 February 2010.
  23. ^ (Press release). Archived from the original on 2014-12-29.
  24. ^ . Audi. Archived from the original on 25 August 2016.
  25. ^ "BMW Night Vision Available in the 5 and 6 Series as of March" (Press release). Worldcarfans.com. 2006-01-30. Archived from the original on 11 February 2013. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  26. ^ "Improved Night-Vision for next 2009 BMW 7-series". BMWBlog. 2008-12-31. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  27. ^ Keegan, Walter J (2004-11-17). "Cadillac kills passive night-vision system". Autoblog. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  28. ^ Romans, Brent (1999-01-01). . Edmunds.com. Archived from the original on 2005-11-25. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  29. ^ Vale, Frank (2006-12-13). "21st-Cadillac Night Vision". Vxm.com. from the original on 9 January 2010. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  30. ^ (Press release). GM. January 16, 2000. Archived from the original on 2 July 2017.
  31. ^ "Video: DIY'er Fits Cadillac Thermal Image Night Vision to his C6". Corvette Online. March 25, 2014.
  32. ^ "Cadillac Extends the Top of its Range with CT6". Cadillac Pressroom (Press release). 31 March 2015. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
  33. ^ (Press release). Honda Worldwide. 2004-08-24. Archived from the original on 2009-09-28. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  34. ^ . Honda Worldwide. Archived from the original on 8 November 2009. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  35. ^ DS 7 CROSSBACK | DS NIGHT VISION - Technology. DS Automobiles UK. 2017-04-03. Retrieved 2018-01-11.
  36. ^ "The technology behind the new Peugeot 508".
  37. ^ (Press release). Archived from the original on 2015-05-01.

April 15, 2024
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An automotive night vision system uses a thermographic camera to increase a driver s perception and seeing distance in darkness or poor weather beyond the reach of the vehicle s headlights Such systems are offered as optional equipment on certain premium vehicles The technology was first introduced in the year 2000 on the Cadillac Deville 1 This technology is based on the night vision devices NVD which generally denotes any electronically enhanced optical devices operate in three modes image enhancement thermal imaging and active illumination 2 The automotive night vision system is a combination of NVDs such as infrared cameras GPS Lidar and Radar among others to sense and detect objects 2 Audi A8 Night Vision Assistant Contents 1 Display type 2 Active systems 2 1 Mercedes Benz 2 2 Toyota 3 Passive systems 3 1 Audi 3 2 BMW 3 3 Cadillac 3 4 Honda 3 5 DS Automobiles 3 6 Peugeot 4 Automobiles 4 1 Active 4 2 Passive 5 See also 6 ReferencesDisplay type editInstrument cluster using a high resolution liquid crystal display LCD newest type navigation system or information screen least expensive and with display s location further away from driver s field of vision used exclusively by BMW and the W212 E class windshield via head up display earliest type dimmer knob can reduce brightness display nearest to driver s line of sightThere are two types of systems either passive or active systems both have advantages and disadvantages when compared to the other 3 4 5 The passive system pertains to the technologies that detect thermal radiation emitted by humans animals and other objects in the road while the active systems illuminate objects as a significant distance ahead using infrared light sources 2 Active systems editActive systems use an infrared light source built into the car to illuminate the road ahead with light that is invisible to humans There are two kinds of active systems gated and non gated The gated system uses a pulsed light source and a synchronized camera that enable long ranges 250m and high performance in rain and snow Near Infrared wavelength is 0 75 1 4 µm is smaller and can pass between the typical fog particles Fog particles sizes are typically 10 to 15 microns and ranges is sizes from 1 to 100 microns 6 Far infrared has a wavelength of 15 micrometers µm to 1 mm During night time operations police officers with range gated near infrared cameras can read license plates at a distance of up to 1 2 km 7 Near Infrared NIR cameras are available to see 50 km through fog haze smoke rain 8 Pros higher resolution image superior picture of inanimate objects works better in warmer conditions smaller sensor can be mounted to rearview mirror Cons does not work as well in fog or rain lower contrast for animals shorter range of 150 200 meters or 500 650 feetMercedes Benz edit nbsp Night View Assist infrared projector visible next to Bi Xenon HID main headlight Mercedes Benz S Class W221 Night View Assist prototype was shown in 2003 on the Mercedes Benz F500 concept Series production Night View Assist system introduced in 2005 on the redesigned Mercedes Benz S Class W221 It was the first system to use the instrument cluster s LCD as a display 9 2009 Night View Assist Plus added a pedestrian detection function calling the revised system on the redesigned Mercedes Benz E Class W212 and refreshed S class 10 however the E class uses the navigation screen s display 2011 Night View Assist Plus with Spotlight Function premiere the Mercedes Benz CL Class C216 became the first series production car with night vision guided pedestrian spotlighting HID version 11 can flash at any pedestrians it detects in order to warn both the driver and the pedestrians The flashing light is directed in such a way that vehicles in front and oncoming traffic are not dazzled 12 2013 Night View Assist Plus with animal detection on the W222 S Class 13 Toyota edit nbsp Night View system on the 2003 Lexus LX 470In 2002 Toyota Night View was the first worldwide series production active automotive night vision system introduced on the Toyota Landcruiser Cygnus or Lexus LX470 This system uses the headlight projectors emitting near infrared light aimed like the car s highbeam headlights and a CCD camera then captures that reflected radiation this signal is then processed by computer which produces a black and white image which is projected on the lower section of the windshield 14 15 In February 2008 the Toyota Crown Hybrid added a feature which highlights pedestrians 16 and presents them in a box on an LCD display in front of the driver 17 This was the first pedestrian detection feature for an active system 18 In 2009 Lexus introduced Night View on the LS but only in Japan In 2012 Lexus introduced Night View worldwide on LS 19 and GS The Night View system combines a windshield mounted near infra red camera and near infra red projectors within the headlamps with a Night View ECU to display an image of the road ahead on center console display screen Moving the image from the driver s instrument display to the center console offers drivers a larger display and an easier viewing angle With the camera constantly in operation and the near infra red projectors activating at speeds over 10 MPH to enhance system efficiency night view will display an area up to 65 feet in front of the vehicle 19 20 This system was discontinued for 2014 in the US 21 Passive systems editPassive infrared systems do not use an infrared light source instead they capture thermal radiation already emitted by the objects using a thermographic camera Pros greater range of about 300 meters or 1 000 feet higher contrast for living objects 3 Cons grainy lower resolution image works poorly in warmer weather conditions larger sensorAudi edit nbsp Night Vision Assistant infrared camera visible on Audi A8 grill right circleNight Vision Assistant was introduced in 2010 on the Audi A8 It uses a thermal imaging camera behind the four rings at the front of the car which can see 300 meters 984 ft ahead The display in the instrument cluster highlights humans with yellow markings More importantly the computer can determine if the person on the road moves in a way that could lead to a collision with the car In that case the pedestrian is being marked in red color and the driver of the car receives an audible warning 22 2013 update added animal detection 23 and Pedestrian Marker Lights As soon as a pedestrian is detected by the Night Vision Assistant in a critical range in front of the vehicle individual Matrix LEDs flash briefly 3 times in succession to alert that person who is then clearly visible to the driver 24 BMW edit BMW Night Vision introduced in 2005 on the BMW 7 Series E65 This system processes far infrared radiation which minimizes non essential information placing a greater emphasis on pedestrians and animals allows for a range of 300 meters or nearly 1 000 feet and avoids dazzle from headlights road lights and similar intense light sources 25 2008 update added pedestrian detection system on the redesigned BMW 7 Series F01 which flashes a caution symbol on the navigation information screen and automotive head up display when it detects pedestrians 26 2013 update added Dynamic Light Spot 2013 update added animal detection The system provides a real time video image that also depicts on the Control Display persons animals and other objects emitting heat when they are outside of the light beam and warns in the event of an impending collision The Dynamic Light Spot is produced by a special headlight that directs the light beam onto the recognised persons or animals respectively thus drawing the driver s attention to possible hazards in good time As soon as the remote infrared detects pedestrians or larger animals on course for collision in the dark the system directs two separately controlled Dynamic Light Spots at them without creating an unpleasant glare In the event of an acute risk an acoustic warning signal is also sounded and the brakes are set to maximum standby For the model year 2014 the BMW 5 Series will also have these new features Cadillac edit First worldwide series production automotive night vision on 2000 Cadillac Deville Night Vision however it was discontinued in 2004 27 This system was developed with Raytheon and worked by using a passive infrared sensor camera mounted behind the vehicle s grille Infrared radiation is picked up by the sensor processed by computer and then displayed on the windshield using a head up display Information is displayed as a black and white image with warmer objects in white while cooler objects appear black 28 29 30 Because this system outputs a standard NTSC composite video signal and the used parts are somewhat easy and inexpensive to find it has become a popular choice for fitting thermal night vision to other vehicles 31 After a long hiatus the 2016 flagship Cadillac CT6 was equipped with an improved version of the Enhanced Night Vision in which the images are displayed and embedded in the instrument panel instead of being displayed as a reflection on the windshield 32 Honda edit In 2004 Honda introduced first worldwide system with pedestrian detection on redesigned Honda Legend Intelligent Night Vision It detected far infrared radiation The pedestrian detection feature alerted the driver with an audio warning and visually enclosed the pedestrian in a box on the display which was presented via head up display 33 34 The night vision system uses a separate heads up type display projected on the center bottom of the windshield The infrared cameras do not require a light source and the software is able to detect human like figures surround the image with a red box and give audible caution tones DS Automobiles edit DS Night Vision offers road visibility by night An infrared camera in the front grill identifies objects pedestrians and animals on the road at a distance of up to 100m citation needed A digital instrument cluster shows the driver the area around the car in infrared with a yellow line around any sources of potential danger For critical danger the line becomes red allowing the driver to react to the situation 35 The DS 7 Crossback is the first DS vehicle to include Night Vision Peugeot edit On the Peugeot 508 an optional night vision system helps to see pedestrians and animals during the night and alert the driver 36 Automobiles editActive edit 2002 2007 Lexus LX 470 windshield 2009 Lexus LS instrument cluster 1 2012 Lexus LS navigation screen 1 2012 Lexus GS navigation screen 1 2006 Mercedes Benz CL Class C216 instrument cluster 1 2014 Mercedes Benz S Class C217 instrument cluster 1 2009 Mercedes Benz E Class W212 navigation screen 1 2010 Mercedes Benz CLS Class W218 navigation screen 1 2006 Mercedes Benz S Class W221 instrument cluster 2013 Mercedes Benz S Class W222 instrument cluster 1 2012 Mercedes Benz M Class Third generation W166 2011 present 1 2012 Mercedes Benz GL Class X166 1 2012 Mercedes Benz R231 SL Class1 2008 Toyota Crown Hybrid instrument cluster 1 2002 Toyota Landcruiser Cignus windshield Passive edit 2014 Audi A8 instrument cluster 1 2011 Audi A6 C7 instrument cluster 1 2010 2018 Audi A8 D4 2010 2017Audi A7 instrument cluster 1 2018 2020Audi A7 instrument cluster 1 2016 Audi Q7 37 instrument cluster 1 2005 BMW 5 Series navigation screen 2008 BMW 5 Series navigation screen 1 2005 BMW 7 Series navigation screen 2008 BMW 7 Series navigation screen 1 2011 BMW 6 Series navigation screen 1 2013 BMW X5 F15 navigation screen 1 2014 BMW X6 F16 navigation screen 1 2009 BMW 5 Series Gran Turismo navigation screen 1 2000 2004 Cadillac Deville windshield 2016 2020 Cadillac CT6 instrument cluster 1 2004 Honda Legend windshield 1 2017 DS 7 Crossback instrument cluster 1 2018 Peugeot 508 instrument cluster 1 2020 Peugeot 3008 amp Peugeot 5008 instrument cluster 11 includes pedestrian and animal detectionSee also editAdaptive headlamp Automatic highbeam headlamp CCD camera Far infrared Infrared radiation Intelligent car Near infrared spectroscopy Active infrared night vision Pedestrian Pedestrian detection Thermographic cameraReferences edit What are LED taillights Cars com Archived from the original on September 22 2008 a b c Suh Sang Anthony Thomas 2018 Big Data and Visual Analytics Cham Springer p 39 ISBN 9783319639154 a b Jones Willie D March 2006 Safer Driving in The Dead of Night IEEE Spectrum Spectrum ieee org Archived from the original on 2008 07 04 Retrieved 2009 12 08 Night vision enhancement systems I CAR Advantage Online I car com 2006 05 15 Retrieved 2009 12 08 Austin Ian October 31 2005 Illuminating Road Hazards That Lurk Beyond Lights New York Times Atmospheric Optics Clouds fog amp water droplets Obzerv ACTIVE RANGE GATED Night Vision Cameras Ascendent Technology Group Fog Penetrating NIR Near Infrared amp Thermal Infrared Zoom Surveillance Cameras Be ahead the new Mercedes Benz S Class Superlative in design and technology Press release Stuttgart Daimler June 20 2005 Archived from the original on March 4 2016 The 2009 Mercedes Benz S Class Pacemaker in automotive development Press release Stuttgart Daimler May 11 2009 Archived from the original on March 4 2016 New spotlight function for Active Night View Assist Plus Enhanced safety for pedestrians Press release Stuttgart Daimler December 8 2010 Archived from the original on December 29 2014 Night View Assist Plus Mercedes Benz Tech Center Archived from the original on 29 December 2014 The new Mercedes Benz S Class The aspiration the best automobile in the world Press release Stuttgart Hamburg Daimler May 15 2013 Archived from the original on December 29 2014 Romans Brent 2002 10 31 Follow Up Test 2003 Lexus LX 470 Edmunds com Archived from the original on 2009 05 31 Retrieved 2009 12 08 Safety Presentation Toyota Co Jp Archived from the original on 2008 03 25 Retrieved 2009 12 08 75 Years of TOYOTA Technical Development Electronics Parts TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION GLOBAL WEBSITE Retrieved 6 April 2015 Technology File Night View Toyota Global Archived from the original on 31 December 2014 Retrieved 6 April 2015 Korzeniewski Jeremy 2008 05 31 Toyota introduces Night View on Japanese Crown Hybrid Autoblog Green Retrieved 2009 12 08 a b http www toyota com esq pdf The 202013 20LS 20Advanced 20Active 20Safety 20 282 290 pdf permanent dead link 2013 Lexus LS Advanced Active Safety Features NEW LEXUS LS WORLD FIRST TECHNOLOGY AS STANDARD October 17 2012 Archived from the original on October 23 2012 Luke Vandezande September 26 2013 Lexus Drops Night Vision Tech AutoGuide The new Audi A8 PDF Archived from the original PDF on 3 August 2017 Retrieved 17 February 2010 Composure redefined the Audi A8 Press release Archived from the original on 2014 12 29 Audi Matrix LED Audi Archived from the original on 25 August 2016 BMW Night Vision Available in the 5 and 6 Series as of March Press release Worldcarfans com 2006 01 30 Archived from the original on 11 February 2013 Retrieved 2009 12 08 Improved Night Vision for next 2009 BMW 7 series BMWBlog 2008 12 31 Retrieved 2009 12 08 Keegan Walter J 2004 11 17 Cadillac kills passive night vision system Autoblog Retrieved 2009 12 08 Romans Brent 1999 01 01 Full Test 2000 Cadillac DeVille DTS Edmunds com Archived from the original on 2005 11 25 Retrieved 2009 12 08 Vale Frank 2006 12 13 21st Cadillac Night Vision Vxm com Archived from the original on 9 January 2010 Retrieved 2009 12 08 Cadillac Introduces Night Vision Technology Press release GM January 16 2000 Archived from the original on 2 July 2017 Video DIY er Fits Cadillac Thermal Image Night Vision to his C6 Corvette Online March 25 2014 Cadillac Extends the Top of its Range with CT6 Cadillac Pressroom Press release 31 March 2015 Retrieved 6 April 2015 Honda Develops World s First Intelligent Night Vision System Able to Detect Pedestrians and Provide Driver Cautions Press release Honda Worldwide 2004 08 24 Archived from the original on 2009 09 28 Retrieved 2009 12 08 Intelligent Night Vision Honda Worldwide Archived from the original on 8 November 2009 Retrieved 2009 12 08 DS 7 CROSSBACK DS NIGHT VISION Technology DS Automobiles UK 2017 04 03 Retrieved 2018 01 11 The technology behind the new Peugeot 508 The new Audi Q7 Sportiness efficiency premium comfort Press release Archived from the original on 2015 05 01 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Automotive night vision amp oldid 1175718986 Mercedes Benz, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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