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Nicolson pavement, alternatively spelled "Nicholson" and denominated wooden block pavement and wood block pavement, is a road surface material consisting of wooden blocks. Samuel Nicolson invented it in the mid-19th century.[1] Wooden block pavement has since become unfavored because of its poor surface quality and high cost of maintenance.
Laying the Nicolson pavement in Mercer St, New York, by E. & H.T. Anthony
Patent Drawing of Nicolson's Pavement
Wood block pavement may have originated in Russia in the 14th century, but it gained prominence in the 1820s and 1830s as a road building alternative to the irregularly surfaced cobblestone streets common during that era.[2] Wood block was also favored because stone was scarce and wood was abundant.[3] Additionally, horse traffic reportedly made less noise on wood-surfaced streets.[4] However, the drawbacks of Nicolson pavement include slippery surfaces when wet or icy,[4][5] and the tendency of the blocks to rot, decay, and heave due to moisture seeping between the blocks.[6] When treated with creosote, wood block pavement would last longer, but the creosoted pavement had a noticeable unpleasant smell.[2]
M. Gourieff introduced [to St. Petersburg] the hexagonal wooden pavement with which, in London, we are all acquainted. This, with continuous reparation, answers pretty well, taking into consideration that equality of surface seems utterly unattainable, that the knavish contractors supply blocks so rotten as to be worthless a few days after they are put down, and that the horses are continually slipping and frequently falling on the perilous highway. It is unpleasant, also, to be semi-asphyxiated each time you take your walks abroad, by the fumes of the infernal pitch-cauldrons, round which the moujik workmen gather, like witches.
Nicolson pavement was the focus of a Supreme Court case, City of Elizabeth v. American Nicholson Pavement Co. which held that while the public use of an invention more than one year prior to the inventor's application for a patent normally causes the inventor to lose his right to a patent, there is an exception to this rule for public uses for experimental purposes.
Remnants
Wood block pavement at the 200 block of South Camac Street in Philadelphia
Historic Landmark plaque for Nicolson pavement on Roslyn Place, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Remnants of Nicolson pavement still exist in several cities across the US. Touted as the only remaining wooden street in the US, Roslyn Place in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, is completely paved in wooden blocks.[4][5] In addition, patches of creosoted wooden block pavement are still visible in an alley along 10th street between Olive and Locust Streets in St. Louis, Missouri,[6] and at least three other alleys in Chicago, Illinois, still retain the use of wood block pavement, though some are in states of disrepair.[7] The 200 block of Camac Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is also paved with wooden blocks, and it is regularly maintained, having been listed in the Philadelphia Register of Historic Places.[8] Hessler Court in Cleveland, Ohio, known for its Hessler Street Fair, likewise maintains its Nicolson Pavement for historic reasons.[9] In 2009, a series of wood block pavers were installed in Wall Street in New York City from Broadway to William Street. The locations of the pavers follow the exact path of the Dutch wooden defense wall that gave the street its name. [10]
^"Trace the Original Wall of Wall Street with Wooden Markers Hidden in Plain Sight". 26 January 2017.
January 13, 2023
nicolson, pavement, this, article, unclear, citation, style, reason, given, citations, should, clearly, show, title, author, publication, date, currently, footnotes, only, telling, title, source, references, used, made, clearer, with, different, consistent, st. This article has an unclear citation style The reason given is Citations should clearly show the title author publication and date Currently footnotes are only telling the title of the source The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of citation and footnoting October 2014 Learn how and when to remove this template message Nicolson pavement alternatively spelled Nicholson and denominated wooden block pavement and wood block pavement is a road surface material consisting of wooden blocks Samuel Nicolson invented it in the mid 19th century 1 Wooden block pavement has since become unfavored because of its poor surface quality and high cost of maintenance Wood block pavement Contents 1 History 2 Remnants 3 See also 4 ReferencesHistory Edit Laying the Nicolson pavement in Mercer St New York by E amp H T Anthony Patent Drawing of Nicolson s Pavement Wood block pavement may have originated in Russia in the 14th century but it gained prominence in the 1820s and 1830s as a road building alternative to the irregularly surfaced cobblestone streets common during that era 2 Wood block was also favored because stone was scarce and wood was abundant 3 Additionally horse traffic reportedly made less noise on wood surfaced streets 4 However the drawbacks of Nicolson pavement include slippery surfaces when wet or icy 4 5 and the tendency of the blocks to rot decay and heave due to moisture seeping between the blocks 6 When treated with creosote wood block pavement would last longer but the creosoted pavement had a noticeable unpleasant smell 2 M Gourieff introduced to St Petersburg the hexagonal wooden pavement with which in London we are all acquainted This with continuous reparation answers pretty well taking into consideration that equality of surface seems utterly unattainable that the knavish contractors supply blocks so rotten as to be worthless a few days after they are put down and that the horses are continually slipping and frequently falling on the perilous highway It is unpleasant also to be semi asphyxiated each time you take your walks abroad by the fumes of the infernal pitch cauldrons round which the moujik workmen gather like witches Charles Dickens A Journey Due North 1856 Nicolson pavement was the focus of a Supreme Court case City of Elizabeth v American Nicholson Pavement Co which held that while the public use of an invention more than one year prior to the inventor s application for a patent normally causes the inventor to lose his right to a patent there is an exception to this rule for public uses for experimental purposes Remnants Edit Wood block pavement at the 200 block of South Camac Street in Philadelphia Historic Landmark plaque for Nicolson pavement on Roslyn Place Pittsburgh Pennsylvania Remnants of Nicolson pavement still exist in several cities across the US Touted as the only remaining wooden street in the US Roslyn Place in Pittsburgh Pennsylvania is completely paved in wooden blocks 4 5 In addition patches of creosoted wooden block pavement are still visible in an alley along 10th street between Olive and Locust Streets in St Louis Missouri 6 and at least three other alleys in Chicago Illinois still retain the use of wood block pavement though some are in states of disrepair 7 The 200 block of Camac Street in Philadelphia Pennsylvania is also paved with wooden blocks and it is regularly maintained having been listed in the Philadelphia Register of Historic Places 8 Hessler Court in Cleveland Ohio known for its Hessler Street Fair likewise maintains its Nicolson Pavement for historic reasons 9 In 2009 a series of wood block pavers were installed in Wall Street in New York City from Broadway to William Street The locations of the pavers follow the exact path of the Dutch wooden defense wall that gave the street its name 10 See also EditSettReferences Edit The Nicolson pavement invented by Samuel Nicolson of Boston Mass 2005 a b Manhattan s First Experiments with Wooden Streets Wood Block Alleys a b c Shadyside s wooden street paves its way to greatness a b I was told that there was a wooden street located in Shadyside or Squirrel Hill Is this true And if so what is the history behind it a b The Creosoted Wood Block One Step in the Evolution of St Louis Paving Wood Block Alleys Camac Street s wooden blocks repaired Walking a Cleveland street paved completely of wood is walking a pathway to the past Archived from the original on 2014 05 19 Trace the Original Wall of Wall Street with Wooden Markers Hidden in Plain Sight 26 January 2017 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nicolson pavement amp oldid 1131603914, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
