The Nembo class was a class of destroyer of the Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy). Six destroyers were built by the Pattison shipyard of Naples between 1899 and 1905, to a design based on the contemporary destroyers of the British shipyard Thornycroft. They were active in the Italo-Turkish War and in the First World War, where three were lost.
In 1899, work began on at the Pattison shipyard of Naples on the first ships of a new class of destroyers, the Nembo class.[1] The Nembo class were based on a design by the British shipbuilders Thornycroft, and were similar to the Thirty-knotter destroyers that Thornycroft were building for the British Royal Navy (such as HMS Stag).[2]
The first two ships of the class, Nembo and Turbine were armed with one 76 mm (3 in)/40 calibre gun (capable of firing a 5.9 kilograms (13 lb) shell to a range of 9,850 metres (32,320 ft) at a rate of fire of 15 rounds per minute per gun[7]) and five 57 mm/43 guns, with two 356 mm (14 in) torpedo tubes,[3] while the remaining four ships had a reduced gun armament of five 57 mm/43 guns, allowing an increased torpedo armament of four 356 mm torpedo tubes to be carried.[3]
The six ships of the class were completed between 1902 and 1905, reaching speeds of up to 30.2 knots (55.9 km/h; 34.8 mph) during sea trials (corresponding to a realistic sea speed of 27 knots (50 km/h; 31 mph)).[8]
Nembo and Turbine were rearmed in 1905 to match the other four ships.[3] From 1908, all ships of the class were fitted with new oil-fired boilers, with a resulting change in the ships' profile, with three funnels being fitted rather than two. Sufficient oil was carried to give a range of 330 nautical miles (610 km; 380 mi) at 25 knots (46 km/h; 29 mph) or 2,200 nautical miles (4,100 km; 2,500 mi) at 9 knots (17 km/h; 10 mph). The ships' armament was changed at the same time, to four 76 mm/40 guns and two 450 mm (18 in) torpedo tubes.[4]
Serviceedit
The ships of the class were active during the Italo-Turkish War of 1911–1912.[9] They were fitted for minelaying, with a capacity of 10–16 mines during the First World War, during which three destroyers were lost.[3] Following the end of the war, the remaining three ships had a boiler removed, with the consequent loss of a funnel, together with a 76 mm gun, and were reclassified as torpedo boats.[4]
Re-rated as torpedo boat 1 July 1921, discarded 4 March 1923.[4]
Borea
2 October 1899
12 December 1902
6 October 1903
Sunk by Austro-Hungarian destroyers Csepel and Balaton 14/15 May 1917.[4]
Zeffiro
14 May 1904
1 April 1905
Re-rated as torpedo boat 1 July 1921, discarded 13 March 1923.[10]
Espero
9 July 1904
1 April 1905
Renamed Turbine 16 January 1921. Re-rated as torpedo boat 1 July 1921, discarded 5 April 1923.[4]
Notesedit
^A turtleback is an arched structure over the deck of a ship, normally at the ship's bow.[5]
^U-16 was also sunk in this engagement, possibly by the explosion of Nembo's depth charges after the destroyer sank,[3][10][11][12] or possibly by ramming, either by Nembo[13] or by another ship.[14]
Citationsedit
^"Nembo: Cacciatorpedinere" (in Italian). Marina Militare. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
Beehler, William Henry (1913). The History of the Italian-Turkish War, Sept. 29, 1911 to Oct. 18, 1912. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: Advertiser-Republican.
Chesneau, Roger; Kolesnik, Eugene M (1979). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN0-85177-133-5.
Fraccaroli, Aldo (1970). Italian Warships of World War 1. London: Ian Allan. ISBN0-7110-0105-7.
Fraccaroli, Aldo (1985). "Italy". In Gray, Randal (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. pp. 252–290. ISBN978-0-87021-907-8.
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The Nembo class was a class of destroyer of the Italian Regia Marina Royal Navy Six destroyers were built by the Pattison shipyard of Naples between 1899 and 1905 to a design based on the contemporary destroyers of the British shipyard Thornycroft They were active in the Italo Turkish War and in the First World War where three were lost ZeffiroClass overviewNameNembo classBuildersPattison NaplesOperators Regia MarinaPreceded byLampo classSucceeded bySoldato classBuilt1899 1905In commission1902 1924Completed6Lost3Scrapped3General characteristicsTypeDestroyerDisplacement325 long tons 330 t normal 380 long tons 390 t full loadLength63 39 m 208 ft 0 in pp 64 00 m 210 ft 0 in oaBeam5 94 m 19 ft 6 in Draught2 29 m 7 ft 6 in Propulsion2 Vertical triple expansion steam engines 3 Thornycroft boilers 5 000 ihp 3 700 kW Speed30 knots 56 km h 35 mph Complement55ArmamentNembo and Turbine 1 76 mm 40 gun 5 57 mm 43 guns 2 356 mm 14 in torpedo tubesRemaining ships 5 57 mm 43 guns 3 356 mm 14 in torpedo tubes 1 356 mm 14 in bow tube Contents 1 Design 2 Service 3 Ships 4 Notes 5 Citations 6 References 7 External linksDesign editIn 1899 work began on at the Pattison shipyard of Naples on the first ships of a new class of destroyers the Nembo class 1 The Nembo class were based on a design by the British shipbuilders Thornycroft and were similar to the Thirty knotter destroyers that Thornycroft were building for the British Royal Navy such as HMS Stag 2 The ships were 64 0 metres 210 ft 0 in long overall and 63 39 metres 208 ft 0 in between perpendiculars with a beam of 5 94 metres 19 ft 6 in and a draught of 2 29 metres 7 ft 6 in Displacement was 325 long tons 330 t normal and 380 long tons 390 t full load 3 Three Thornycroft boilers fed steam to two triple expansion steam engines rated at 5 000 indicated horsepower 3 700 kW and driving two propeller shafts giving a design speed of 30 knots 56 km h 35 mph 3 4 The ships featured a raised turtleback a forecastle and two funnels 6 Crew was between 51 and 58 officers and men 4 The first two ships of the class Nembo and Turbine were armed with one 76 mm 3 in 40 calibre gun capable of firing a 5 9 kilograms 13 lb shell to a range of 9 850 metres 32 320 ft at a rate of fire of 15 rounds per minute per gun 7 and five 57 mm 43 guns with two 356 mm 14 in torpedo tubes 3 while the remaining four ships had a reduced gun armament of five 57 mm 43 guns allowing an increased torpedo armament of four 356 mm torpedo tubes to be carried 3 The six ships of the class were completed between 1902 and 1905 reaching speeds of up to 30 2 knots 55 9 km h 34 8 mph during sea trials corresponding to a realistic sea speed of 27 knots 50 km h 31 mph 8 Nembo and Turbine were rearmed in 1905 to match the other four ships 3 From 1908 all ships of the class were fitted with new oil fired boilers with a resulting change in the ships profile with three funnels being fitted rather than two Sufficient oil was carried to give a range of 330 nautical miles 610 km 380 mi at 25 knots 46 km h 29 mph or 2 200 nautical miles 4 100 km 2 500 mi at 9 knots 17 km h 10 mph The ships armament was changed at the same time to four 76 mm 40 guns and two 450 mm 18 in torpedo tubes 4 Service editThe ships of the class were active during the Italo Turkish War of 1911 1912 9 They were fitted for minelaying with a capacity of 10 16 mines during the First World War during which three destroyers were lost 3 Following the end of the war the remaining three ships had a boiler removed with the consequent loss of a funnel together with a 76 mm gun and were reclassified as torpedo boats 4 Ships editShip Laid down 8 Launched 8 Completed 8 Operational HistoryNembo 6 August 1899 18 May 1901 26 June 1902 Torpedoed by Austro Hungarian submarine U 16 on 17 October 1916 10 b Turbine 20 August 1899 21 November 1901 28 August 1902 Sunk by Austro Hungarian cruiser Helgoland and destroyers Csepel Tatra and Lika on 24 May 1915 10 Aquilone 10 September 1899 16 October 1902 12 October 1903 Re rated as torpedo boat 1 July 1921 discarded 4 March 1923 4 Borea 2 October 1899 12 December 1902 6 October 1903 Sunk by Austro Hungarian destroyers Csepel and Balaton 14 15 May 1917 4 Zeffiro 14 May 1904 1 April 1905 Re rated as torpedo boat 1 July 1921 discarded 13 March 1923 10 Espero 9 July 1904 1 April 1905 Renamed Turbine 16 January 1921 Re rated as torpedo boat 1 July 1921 discarded 5 April 1923 4 Notes edit A turtleback is an arched structure over the deck of a ship normally at the ship s bow 5 U 16 was also sunk in this engagement possibly by the explosion of Nembo s depth charges after the destroyer sank 3 10 11 12 or possibly by ramming either by Nembo 13 or by another ship 14 Citations edit Nembo Cacciatorpedinere in Italian Marina Militare Retrieved 4 January 2015 Friedman 2009 p 50 a b c d e f g Chesneau and Kolesnik 1979 p 356 a b c d e f g Fraccaroli 1970 p 65 turtleback Definitions wordnik com Retrieved 2 January 2015 Purnell s Illustrated Encyclopedia of Modern Weapons and Warfare p 1877 Fraccaroli 1970 pp 281 282 a b c d Fraccaroli 1970 pp 65 66 Beehler 1913 pp 10 89 a b c d Fraccaroli 1970 p 66 Fraccaroli 1985 p 258 Grant 1964 p 163 Helgason Gudmundur Ships hit during WWI Nembo U Boat War in World War I Retrieved 11 January 2015 Fraccaroli 1985 p 343 References editBeehler William Henry 1913 The History of the Italian Turkish War Sept 29 1911 to Oct 18 1912 Annapolis Maryland USA Advertiser Republican Chesneau Roger Kolesnik Eugene M 1979 Conway s All The World s Fighting Ships 1860 1905 London Conway Maritime Press ISBN 0 85177 133 5 Fraccaroli Aldo 1970 Italian Warships of World War 1 London Ian Allan ISBN 0 7110 0105 7 Fraccaroli Aldo 1985 Italy In Gray Randal ed Conway s All the World s Fighting Ships 1906 1921 Annapolis Naval Institute Press pp 252 290 ISBN 978 0 87021 907 8 Friedman Norman 2009 British Destroyers From Earliest Days to the Second World War Barnsley UK Seaforth Publishing ISBN 978 1 84832 049 9 Grant Robert M 1964 U Boats Destroyed The Effect of Anti Submarine Warfare 1914 1918 London Putnam Nembo Purnell s Illustrated Encyclopedia of Modern Weapons and Warfare London Phoebus Pub Co 1877 1978 1979 External links editClasse Nembo Marina Militare websitePortals nbsp Italy nbsp Engineering nbsp World War I Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nembo class destroyer amp oldid 1088631886, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
