The son of Checochinican (Chickoconecon), chief of the Fish Clan of the Turtle tribe, Nemacolin was born near the Brandywine Creek, probably close to the Swedish trading post at Fort Christina that later became Wilmington, Delaware. By a treaty with William Penn in 1726, various tribes either rented or gave up their land on both sides of Brandywine Creek. Nemacolin likely grew up near Shamokin, Pennsylvania, a village near the Susquehanna River to which the Delaware had retreated when faced with disease and colonization of their traditional lands by white settlers. His family grew to know trader Thomas Cresap, and moved south and west with the Cresap family, likely after a controversy between groups of settlers aligned with the colonies of Maryland and Pennsylvania known as Cresap's War.[1]
Circa 1750, Cresap received instructions to improve the Native American path across the Appalachian Mountains through the Cumberland Narrows. He hired Nemacolin and his two sons, among others, to complete the task between Will's Creek (a trading post on a tributary of the Potomac River later the site of Fort Cumberland) and the mouth of Redstone Creek on the Monongahela River (a tributary of the Ohio River) which later became Redstone Old Fort and even later Brownsville, Pennsylvania.[2] A side trail led to the residence of Christopher Gist. Gist led George Washington along Nemacolin's Path in 1753 and 1754. It was later improved to permit supply wagons for General Edward Braddock's army, and the General ultimately died on the route in 1755 after the disastrous Battle of the Monongahela near present-day Pittsburgh. About 1759, as the war ended, Nemacolin reblazed the path to the residence of James Burd which became Fort Burd and later renamed Redstone Old Fort.[3]
After blazing the trails, Nemacolin moved the remainder of his tribe to a site alternately known as Shawnee Town or Neal's Landing on what later became known as Blennerhassett Island in the Ohio River, today part of West Virginia.[5] After the peace treaty, as he had after blazing the trail with Cresap and Gist, Nemocolin renewed his tribe's claim that Penn and subsequent settlers had broken the treaty terms in establishing permanent settlements in what had been his tribe's lands, to no avail.[6] Nemacolin died on the island in 1767, and European settlers soon laid claim to that land.
Legacyedit
After the American Revolution once again permitted trans-Allegheny settlement, settlers named the route for the general rather than the Native American ally. Decades later, the National Road was built over parts of Nemacolin's Path.[7]
A statue honoring Chief Nemacolin stands in the country club at Nemacolin Woodlands Resort, named after the chieftain in the early 20th century.[8]
The site now known as Nemacolin's Castle in Brownsville, Pennsylvania may well have been visited by Chief Nemacolin, for a fireplace dates from the late 18th century, and the site had been inhabited by Native American peoples (probably the south Algonkian-speaking Shawnee who may have had mounds there). However, that building was long known as Bowman's castle, after three generations of merchant-industrialists.[9]
Referencesedit
^Murphree, Daniel S. (ed). Native America: A State-by-State Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1 at p.
^Hanna, Charles Augustus (1911). The Wilderness Trail, Or Ventures and Adventures of Pennsylvania Traders on the Allegheny Path. Vol. 1. G.P. Putnam's Sons. pp. 105–106.
^"A Brief History of Fayette County PA". www.nemacolin.net. Retrieved January 15, 2024.
^Switala, William J. (2001). Underground Railroad in Pennsylvania. Stackpole Books. pp. 42-43
^Hanna, Charles Augustus (1911). The Wilderness Trail, Or Ventures and Adventures of Pennsylvania Traders on the Allegheny Path. Vol. 2. G.P. Putnam's Sons— identifies two island settlements as Upper Shawnee Town and Lower Shawnee Town, possibly Oldtown, Maryland and Blennerhassett Island{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
^Marsh, Dawn G. (2014). A Lenape among the Quakers. University of Nebraska Press. pp. 72-73
^Marx, Linda (January 2006). "The Nature of Luxury". Palm Beach Life. p. 45.
^. Nemacolincastle.org. Archived from the original on June 9, 2011.
February 15, 2024
nemacolin, this, article, about, native, american, leader, place, greene, county, pennsylvania, pennsylvania, 1715, 1767, hereditary, chief, delaware, nation, helped, thomas, cresap, widen, native, american, path, across, allegheny, mountains, ohio, river, val. This article is about the Native American leader For the place in Greene County Pennsylvania see Nemacolin Pennsylvania Nemacolin c 1715 c 1767 was a hereditary chief of the Delaware Nation who helped Thomas Cresap widen a Native American path across the Allegheny Mountains to the Ohio River Valley ChiefNemacolinBornc 1715 Fort Christina DelawareDiedc 1767 Blennerhassett Island Ohio River West VirginiaParent s Checochinican and Poynton Contents 1 Biography 2 Later years and death 3 Legacy 4 ReferencesBiography editThe son of Checochinican Chickoconecon chief of the Fish Clan of the Turtle tribe Nemacolin was born near the Brandywine Creek probably close to the Swedish trading post at Fort Christina that later became Wilmington Delaware By a treaty with William Penn in 1726 various tribes either rented or gave up their land on both sides of Brandywine Creek Nemacolin likely grew up near Shamokin Pennsylvania a village near the Susquehanna River to which the Delaware had retreated when faced with disease and colonization of their traditional lands by white settlers His family grew to know trader Thomas Cresap and moved south and west with the Cresap family likely after a controversy between groups of settlers aligned with the colonies of Maryland and Pennsylvania known as Cresap s War 1 Circa 1750 Cresap received instructions to improve the Native American path across the Appalachian Mountains through the Cumberland Narrows He hired Nemacolin and his two sons among others to complete the task between Will s Creek a trading post on a tributary of the Potomac River later the site of Fort Cumberland and the mouth of Redstone Creek on the Monongahela River a tributary of the Ohio River which later became Redstone Old Fort and even later Brownsville Pennsylvania 2 A side trail led to the residence of Christopher Gist Gist led George Washington along Nemacolin s Path in 1753 and 1754 It was later improved to permit supply wagons for General Edward Braddock s army and the General ultimately died on the route in 1755 after the disastrous Battle of the Monongahela near present day Pittsburgh About 1759 as the war ended Nemacolin reblazed the path to the residence of James Burd which became Fort Burd and later renamed Redstone Old Fort 3 Another branch went to Uniontown Pennsylvania 4 Later years and death editAfter blazing the trails Nemacolin moved the remainder of his tribe to a site alternately known as Shawnee Town or Neal s Landing on what later became known as Blennerhassett Island in the Ohio River today part of West Virginia 5 After the peace treaty as he had after blazing the trail with Cresap and Gist Nemocolin renewed his tribe s claim that Penn and subsequent settlers had broken the treaty terms in establishing permanent settlements in what had been his tribe s lands to no avail 6 Nemacolin died on the island in 1767 and European settlers soon laid claim to that land Legacy editAfter the American Revolution once again permitted trans Allegheny settlement settlers named the route for the general rather than the Native American ally Decades later the National Road was built over parts of Nemacolin s Path 7 A statue honoring Chief Nemacolin stands in the country club at Nemacolin Woodlands Resort named after the chieftain in the early 20th century 8 Nemacolin Pennsylvania in Greene County was a planned community developed in the early 20th century around steelworks The site now known as Nemacolin s Castle in Brownsville Pennsylvania may well have been visited by Chief Nemacolin for a fireplace dates from the late 18th century and the site had been inhabited by Native American peoples probably the south Algonkian speaking Shawnee who may have had mounds there However that building was long known as Bowman s castle after three generations of merchant industrialists 9 References edit Murphree Daniel S ed Native America A State by State Historical Encyclopedia Volume 1 at p Hanna Charles Augustus 1911 The Wilderness Trail Or Ventures and Adventures of Pennsylvania Traders on the Allegheny Path Vol 1 G P Putnam s Sons pp 105 106 A Brief History of Fayette County PA www nemacolin net Retrieved January 15 2024 Switala William J 2001 Underground Railroad in Pennsylvania Stackpole Books pp 42 43 Hanna Charles Augustus 1911 The Wilderness Trail Or Ventures and Adventures of Pennsylvania Traders on the Allegheny Path Vol 2 G P Putnam s Sons identifies two island settlements as Upper Shawnee Town and Lower Shawnee Town possibly Oldtown Maryland and Blennerhassett Island a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint postscript link Marsh Dawn G 2014 A Lenape among the Quakers University of Nebraska Press pp 72 73 Hulbert Archer Butler 1903 Washington s Road Nemacolin s Path A H Clark Marx Linda January 2006 The Nature of Luxury Palm Beach Life p 45 History Of Nemacolin Castle Nemacolincastle org Archived from the original on June 9 2011 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nemacolin amp oldid 1195921109, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
