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National interest

May 19, 2023

This article is about the generic foreign affairs term. For the political journal, see The National Interest. For the book by Giovanni Botero, see The Reason of State.

The national interest is a sovereign state's goals and ambitions (economic, military, cultural, or otherwise), taken to be the aim of government.

Etymology

The Italian phrase ragione degli stati was first used by Giovanni della Casa around the year 1547.[1]

The expression "reason of state" (Ragion di Stato) was championed by Italian diplomat and political thinker Niccolò Machiavelli, and was later popularised by Italian political thinker Giovanni Botero around 1580s,[1]. Prominently, Chief Minister Cardinal Richelieu justified France's intervention on the Protestant side, despite its own Catholicism, in the Thirty Years' War as being in the national interest in order to block the increasing power of the Catholic Holy Roman Emperor. At Richelieu's prompting, Jean de Silhon defended the concept of raison d'État as "a mean between what conscience permits and affairs require."[2][3][4]

Usage

Within the field of international relations, the national interest has frequently been assumed to comprise the pursuit of power, security and wealth.[5][6][7][8] Neorealist and liberal institutionalist scholars tend to define the national interest as revolving around security and power.[9][10] Liberal scholars see national interests as an aggregation of the preferences of domestic political groups.[11] Constructivist scholars reject that the national interest of states are static and can be assumed a priori; rather, they argue that the preferences of states are shaped through social interactions and are changeable.[7][12][13]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Burns, J. H. (1991). Cambridge History of Political Thought 1450–1700. Cambridge University Press. p. 479. ISBN 0521247160.
  2. ^ Thuau, E. 1996. Raison d'État et Pensée Politique a l'époque de Richelieu. Paris: Armand Colin.
  3. ^ Church, W.F. 1973. Richelieu and Reason of State. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 168.
  4. ^ Franklin, J. 2001. The Science of Conjecture: Evidence and Probability Before Pascal. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 80–81.
  5. ^ Donnelly, Jack (2000). Realism and International Relations. Themes in International Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511612510. ISBN 978-0-521-59229-1.
  6. ^ Krasner, Stephen D. (1978). Defending the National Interest: Raw Materials Investments and U.S. Foreign Policy. Princeton University Press. doi:10.2307/j.ctv15r5858. ISBN 978-0-691-02182-9. JSTOR j.ctv15r5858. S2CID 241358563.
  7. ^ a b Finnemore, Martha (1996). National Interests in International Society. Cornell University Press. JSTOR 10.7591/j.ctt1rv61rh.
  8. ^ Cook, Thomas I.; Moos, Malcolm (1952). "Foreign Policy: the Realism of Idealism". American Political Science Review. 46 (2): 343–356. doi:10.2307/1950833. ISSN 0003-0554. JSTOR 1950833. S2CID 10476584.
  9. ^ Baldwin, David Allen (1993). Neorealism and Neoliberalism: The Contemporary Debate. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-08441-3.
  10. ^ Morgenthau, Hans J. (1952). In Defense of the National Interest. Knopf. ISBN 9780598862778.
  11. ^ Moravcsik, Andrew (1997). "Taking Preferences Seriously: A Liberal Theory of International Politics". International Organization. 51 (4): 513–553. doi:10.1162/002081897550447. ISSN 0020-8183. JSTOR 2703498. S2CID 7058364.
  12. ^ Finnemore, Martha (2003). The Purpose of Intervention: Changing Beliefs About the Use of Force. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-3845-5. JSTOR 10.7591/j.ctt24hg32.
  13. ^ Wendt, Alexander (1999). Social Theory of International Politics. Cambridge Studies in International Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511612183. hdl:1811/31969. ISBN 978-0-521-46557-1.

Further reading

  • Beard, Charles A. 1934. The Idea of National Interest. Macmillan.
  • Burchill, Scott. 2005. The National Interest in International Relations Theory. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Frankel, Joseph. 1970. National Interest. London: Pall Mall.
  • Hu, Shaohua. 2016. "A Framework for analysis of national interest: United States policy toward Taiwan." Contemporary Security Policy 37(1):144–167.
  • Nuechterlein, Donald. 1976. "National interests and foreign policy: A conceptual framework for analysis and decision-making." British Journal of International Studies 2(3): 246–266.
  • Rosenau, James. 1968. "National Interest." pp. 34–40 in International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences 2(1), edited by D. L. Sills and R. K. Merton. New York: Macmillan/Free Press.
  • Troianiello, Antonino. 1999. Raison d’État et droit public, Thesis paper, Université du Havre, 748 pages.

May 19, 2023
national, interest, this, article, about, generic, foreign, affairs, term, political, journal, national, interest, book, giovanni, botero, reason, state, national, interest, sovereign, state, goals, ambitions, economic, military, cultural, otherwise, taken, go. This article is about the generic foreign affairs term For the political journal see The National Interest For the book by Giovanni Botero see The Reason of State The national interest is a sovereign state s goals and ambitions economic military cultural or otherwise taken to be the aim of government Contents 1 Etymology 2 Usage 3 See also 4 References 5 Further readingEtymology EditThe Italian phrase ragione degli stati was first used by Giovanni della Casa around the year 1547 1 The expression reason of state Ragion di Stato was championed by Italian diplomat and political thinker Niccolo Machiavelli and was later popularised by Italian political thinker Giovanni Botero around 1580s 1 Prominently Chief Minister Cardinal Richelieu justified France s intervention on the Protestant side despite its own Catholicism in the Thirty Years War as being in the national interest in order to block the increasing power of the Catholic Holy Roman Emperor At Richelieu s prompting Jean de Silhon defended the concept of raison d Etat as a mean between what conscience permits and affairs require 2 3 4 Usage EditWithin the field of international relations the national interest has frequently been assumed to comprise the pursuit of power security and wealth 5 6 7 8 Neorealist and liberal institutionalist scholars tend to define the national interest as revolving around security and power 9 10 Liberal scholars see national interests as an aggregation of the preferences of domestic political groups 11 Constructivist scholars reject that the national interest of states are static and can be assumed a priori rather they argue that the preferences of states are shaped through social interactions and are changeable 7 12 13 See also EditCommon good Nation state Public interest Realpolitik Realism international relations Self interest Moral nihilismReferences Edit a b Burns J H 1991 Cambridge History of Political Thought 1450 1700 Cambridge University Press p 479 ISBN 0521247160 Thuau E 1996 Raison d Etat et Pensee Politique a l epoque de Richelieu Paris Armand Colin Church W F 1973 Richelieu and Reason of State Princeton Princeton University Press p 168 Franklin J 2001 The Science of Conjecture Evidence and Probability Before Pascal Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press pp 80 81 Donnelly Jack 2000 Realism and International Relations Themes in International Relations Cambridge Cambridge University Press doi 10 1017 cbo9780511612510 ISBN 978 0 521 59229 1 Krasner Stephen D 1978 Defending the National Interest Raw Materials Investments and U S Foreign Policy Princeton University Press doi 10 2307 j ctv15r5858 ISBN 978 0 691 02182 9 JSTOR j ctv15r5858 S2CID 241358563 a b Finnemore Martha 1996 National Interests in International Society Cornell University Press JSTOR 10 7591 j ctt1rv61rh Cook Thomas I Moos Malcolm 1952 Foreign Policy the Realism of Idealism American Political Science Review 46 2 343 356 doi 10 2307 1950833 ISSN 0003 0554 JSTOR 1950833 S2CID 10476584 Baldwin David Allen 1993 Neorealism and Neoliberalism The Contemporary Debate Columbia University Press ISBN 978 0 231 08441 3 Morgenthau Hans J 1952 In Defense of the National Interest Knopf ISBN 9780598862778 Moravcsik Andrew 1997 Taking Preferences Seriously A Liberal Theory of International Politics International Organization 51 4 513 553 doi 10 1162 002081897550447 ISSN 0020 8183 JSTOR 2703498 S2CID 7058364 Finnemore Martha 2003 The Purpose of Intervention Changing Beliefs About the Use of Force Cornell University Press ISBN 978 0 8014 3845 5 JSTOR 10 7591 j ctt24hg32 Wendt Alexander 1999 Social Theory of International Politics Cambridge Studies in International Relations Cambridge Cambridge University Press doi 10 1017 cbo9780511612183 hdl 1811 31969 ISBN 978 0 521 46557 1 Further reading EditBeard Charles A 1934 The Idea of National Interest Macmillan Burchill Scott 2005 The National Interest in International Relations Theory Palgrave Macmillan Frankel Joseph 1970 National Interest London Pall Mall Hu Shaohua 2016 A Framework for analysis of national interest United States policy toward Taiwan Contemporary Security Policy 37 1 144 167 Nuechterlein Donald 1976 National interests and foreign policy A conceptual framework for analysis and decision making British Journal of International Studies 2 3 246 266 Rosenau James 1968 National Interest pp 34 40 in International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences 2 1 edited by D L Sills and R K Merton New York Macmillan Free Press Troianiello Antonino 1999 Raison d Etat et droit public Thesis paper Universite du Havre 748 pages Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title National interest amp oldid 1154722355, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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