NMS Regele Carol I was a passenger ship of the Romanian Maritime Service and later a warship of the Romanian Navy, serving as both minelayer and seaplane tender. She was completed and commissioned in 1898 and sunk in 1941, during World War II.
Regele Carol I was initially built as a passenger steamer. She was completed by the Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company in Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom. The twin-screw ship was formally christened by the King of Romania and commissioned in July 1898.[1][2] Shortly after her commissioning, her Romanian owners changed her fuel from coal to a mixture of half coal and half oil (two separate boilers). This conversion offered several advantages: the ship became slightly faster, the fuel consumption dropped by around half (60-80 tons of oil instead of 150 tons of coal required to cover the same distance) and the size of her crew was reduced.[3] The steamer displaced 2,653 tons and her power plant had an output of 6,500 horse power, generating a top speed of 18 knots.[4] She measured 93.2 meters in length, with a beam of 12.8 meters and a draught of 5 meters. Internal work (mainly the music room) was by Glasgow architect William Leiper.[5]
In 1916, after Romania joined World War I, Regele Carol I was leased to the Imperial Russian Navy and converted into a warship. She served as both minelayer and seaplane tender, carrying one aircraft as well as 28 mines. She was also armed with two 150 mm naval guns. After briefly being renamed Ion Roate in early 1917 (she was also known as Korol Carl in the Russian Navy), she was returned to Romania at some point between 1917 and 1919.[6]
On 7 October 1941, Regele Carol I took part in a large-scale minelaying operation off the Bulgarian coast. The so-called Operation Varna consisted in the minelaying of the Bulgarian coast by the Romanian minelayers Amiral Murgescu, Regele Carol I and Dacia, escorted by the Romanian 250t-class torpedo boats Năluca, Sborul and Smeul, the Romanian gunboats Sublocotenent Ghiculescu and Căpitan Dumitrescu (both of the same class) and the Bulgarian torpedo boats Drazki, Smeli and Hrabri (all three of the same class). On 10 October, Regele Carol I was sunk off Varna, Bulgaria, by a mine laid by the Soviet submarine L-4.[8]
Referencesedit
^H.M. Stationery Office, 1898, Board of Trade Journal and Commercial Gazette: (1898:July-Dec.), Volume 25, p. 203
^1899, Engineers' Gazette Annual, Almanac, Diary and Log, Volume 13, p. 2
^James Dodds Henry, Bradbury, Agnow & Co, 1908, Oil Fuel and the Empire, p. 150
^H. T. Montague Bell, Near East, Limited, 1927, Near East Year Book and Who's who, p. 395
^R. D. Layman, Conway Maritime, 1989, Before the aircraft carrier: the development of aviation vessels, 1849-1922, p. 102
^Mikhail Monakov, Jurgen Rohwer, Routledge, 2012, Stalin's Ocean-going Fleet: Soviet Naval Strategy and Shipbuilding Programs, 1935-53, p. 265
^Donald A Bertke, Gordon Smith, Don Kindell, World War II Sea War, Volume 4: Germany Sends Russia to the Allies, pp. 323-324
January 01, 1970
regele, carol, passenger, ship, romanian, maritime, service, later, warship, romanian, navy, serving, both, minelayer, seaplane, tender, completed, commissioned, 1898, sunk, 1941, during, world, history, romania, nameregele, carol, namesakeking, carol, romania. NMS Regele Carol I was a passenger ship of the Romanian Maritime Service and later a warship of the Romanian Navy serving as both minelayer and seaplane tender She was completed and commissioned in 1898 and sunk in 1941 during World War II History Romania NameRegele Carol I NamesakeKing Carol I of Romania BuilderFairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company Glasgow Scotland United Kingdom Completed1898 CommissionedJuly 1898 FateSunk by Soviet mine 10 October 1941 General characteristics as warship TypeSeaplane tender Minelayer Displacement2 653 tons standard Length93 2 m 305 ft 9 in Beam12 8 m 42 ft 0 in Draught5 m 16 ft 5 in Propulsion2 shafts 2 boilers one coal and one oil 6 500 shp 4 800 kW Speed18 knots 33 km h 21 mph Armament2 150 mm 5 9 in guns 28 mines Aircraft carried1 x seaplaneConstruction and career edit nbsp Postcard from 1916 depicting Regele Carol I Regele Carol I was initially built as a passenger steamer She was completed by the Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company in Glasgow Scotland United Kingdom The twin screw ship was formally christened by the King of Romania and commissioned in July 1898 1 2 Shortly after her commissioning her Romanian owners changed her fuel from coal to a mixture of half coal and half oil two separate boilers This conversion offered several advantages the ship became slightly faster the fuel consumption dropped by around half 60 80 tons of oil instead of 150 tons of coal required to cover the same distance and the size of her crew was reduced 3 The steamer displaced 2 653 tons and her power plant had an output of 6 500 horse power generating a top speed of 18 knots 4 She measured 93 2 meters in length with a beam of 12 8 meters and a draught of 5 meters Internal work mainly the music room was by Glasgow architect William Leiper 5 In 1916 after Romania joined World War I Regele Carol I was leased to the Imperial Russian Navy and converted into a warship She served as both minelayer and seaplane tender carrying one aircraft as well as 28 mines She was also armed with two 150 mm naval guns After briefly being renamed Ion Roate in early 1917 she was also known as Korol Carl in the Russian Navy she was returned to Romania at some point between 1917 and 1919 6 World War II and sinking editAt the start of Operation Barbarossa in June 1941 Regele Carol I and two other Romanian minelayers Amiral Murgescu and Dacia laid a flanking barrage of mines off Constanța for the protection of the port In October 1941 these mines sank the Soviet M class submarines M 58 and M 34 7 On 7 October 1941 Regele Carol I took part in a large scale minelaying operation off the Bulgarian coast The so called Operation Varna consisted in the minelaying of the Bulgarian coast by the Romanian minelayers Amiral Murgescu Regele Carol I and Dacia escorted by the Romanian 250t class torpedo boats Năluca Sborul and Smeul the Romanian gunboats Sublocotenent Ghiculescu and Căpitan Dumitrescu both of the same class and the Bulgarian torpedo boats Drazki Smeli and Hrabri all three of the same class On 10 October Regele Carol I was sunk off Varna Bulgaria by a mine laid by the Soviet submarine L 4 8 References edit H M Stationery Office 1898 Board of Trade Journal and Commercial Gazette 1898 July Dec Volume 25 p 203 1899 Engineers Gazette Annual Almanac Diary and Log Volume 13 p 2 James Dodds Henry Bradbury Agnow amp Co 1908 Oil Fuel and the Empire p 150 H T Montague Bell Near East Limited 1927 Near East Year Book and Who s who p 395 Dictionary of Scottish Architects DSA Architect Biography Report October 3 2021 7 54 am R D Layman Conway Maritime 1989 Before the aircraft carrier the development of aviation vessels 1849 1922 p 102 Mikhail Monakov Jurgen Rohwer Routledge 2012 Stalin s Ocean going Fleet Soviet Naval Strategy and Shipbuilding Programs 1935 53 p 265 Donald A Bertke Gordon Smith Don Kindell World War II Sea War Volume 4 Germany Sends Russia to the Allies pp 323 324 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title NMS Regele Carol I amp oldid 1047917516, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
