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Néris-les-Bains

January 01, 1970

Néris-les-Bains (French pronunciation: [neʁi le bɛ̃]; Occitan: Nerís) is a commune in the Allier department in the Auvergne region in central France.

Néris-les-Bains
Commune
The church in Néris-les-Bains
Coat of arms
Location of Néris-les-Bains
Néris-les-Bains
Néris-les-Bains
Coordinates: 46°17′19″N 2°39′44″E / 46.2886°N 2.6622°E / 46.2886; 2.6622
CountryFrance
RegionAuvergne-Rhône-Alpes
DepartmentAllier
ArrondissementMontluçon
CantonMontluçon-3
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Alain Chapy[1]
Area
1
33.13 km2 (12.79 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[2]
2,514
 • Density76/km2 (200/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
03195 /03310
Elevation230–441 m (755–1,447 ft)
(avg. 360 m or 1,180 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Etymology edit

The name Néris comes from the Gaul God Nérios, a deity personifying the local thermal spring (Latinized to "Nerius").

Geography edit

8 kilometers southeast of Montluçon, the town is on departmental road 2144, which links Clermont-Ferrand to Bourges via Montluçon, and follows the trail of the ancient Roman way.

The town is at 352 meters of altitude, on the first foothills of the Massif central, more precisely the plateau of the Combrailles.

History edit

The Gaul era: Nériomagos edit

At that time, Néris was called Nériomagos (the town of Nérios, the deity personifying the thermal spring). It was a village with a booming trade, at the crossroads of two major ways.

The Roman colonisation: Aquae Nerii edit

"Nérios" was Latinized into "Nérius", and "Nériomagos" became "Aquae Nerii" ("Nérius' waters"). The spring was used for therapeutic purposes and two luxurious thermal baths were created. Numerous monuments were built, including temples and villas. The 8th legion Augusta stationed there at the end of the 1st century. A circle theater (amphitheater) was built to offer circus games and stage performances to the soldiers and inhabitants. Many relics remain from that golden age.

Germanic invasions and Merovingian era edit

Around 275 C.E., the Germanic invasions destroyed a part of the town and the population fled, leaving behind monetary treasures.

In the 4th century, the thermal baths and the houses were partly rearranged and occupied again.

A new wave of invasions destroyed the town again, and the ruins were then used as a gravel-pit by the Merovingian population. Stone blocks belonging to the public buildings were thus used for the sarcophaguses now located under the glass pyramid on the church square.

Evangelism and Carolingian era edit

Saint Patrocle evangelized Néris in the 6th century and built a church and a convent there. The current romanesque church dates back to the 11th or 12th century and was built in the same place as the original 6th-century basilica, which was erected upon the ruins of a Roman building.

The Carolingian king Pépin the First of Aquitaine, Charlemagne's grandson, stayed in Néris in 835 and 838.

The 16th century edit

Néris' thermal baths' fame increased. Rabelais mentioned them in Pantagruel (which is why Néris' middle school is called Collège François Rabelais), and Nicolas de Nicolay, King Charles the Ninth of France' geographer, cited the "Baings de Nérys" in 1569 (modern orthograph: Bains de Néris = Baths of Néris).

The 19th century edit

Néris' new golden age began when the Dauphine, Duchess of Angoulême, lay the foundation stone of the new thermal resort. The hotels, the casino and the theater were built.

Among the famous people who followed a thermal course of treatment in Néri were Chateaubriand, Musset, Lamartine and the empress Eugénie.

At that time, archaeological excavations began to discover the Roman Aquae Nerii's infrastructure.

Society life was in full swing, and grand parties were organized.

The 20th century edit

Néris became a "hospital town" during the first World War, where injured soldiers were taken care of.

By the end of the war, the thermal baths were prosperous again. In 1930, the railroad line between Néris and Montluçon entered service, as did the train station in Néris, with its pink sandstone and its multicolored roof, designed by Louis Brachet. The bourgeoisie and the politic class used the thermal baths, including the Poincaré family, and Léon Blum.

The second World War and the social progress that preceded it (Social Security and paid vacation) gave the town a new look and a new clientele.

The thermal baths were modernized and the town equipped itself with golf, an archaeological museum and a swimming pool. Néris started opening up to health tourism and emphasizing its heritage.

Population edit

The inhabitants of Néris-les-Bains are called Nérisiens. The 18th-century French economist Joachim Faiguet de Villeneuve (1703–1781) died in Néris-les-Bains.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1968 2,917—    
1975 2,836−0.40%
1982 2,924+0.44%
1990 2,831−0.40%
1999 2,708−0.49%
2007 2,728+0.09%
2012 2,588−1.05%
2017 2,553−0.27%
Source: INSEE[3]

Sights edit

  • The Saint Georges Church (11th and 12th centuries)
  • The Merovingian necropolis
  • The City Hall (19th century)
  • The former train station, by architect Louis Brachet
  • Saint Joseph's Chapel (19th century)
  • The spa and theater
  •  
    The former train station
  •  
    The City Hall
  •  
    The Municipal Theater
  •  
    The spa
  •  
    Stained glass of the Saint Georges church

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
  2. ^ "Populations légales 2021". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  3. ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE

External links edit

  • Route des Villes d'Eaux du Massif Central
 
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January 01, 1970
néris, bains, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, french, december, 2008, click, show, important, translation, instructions, view, machine, translated, version, french, article, machine, translation, like, deepl, . You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French December 2008 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the French article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at fr Neris les Bains see its history for attribution You may also add the template Translated fr Neris les Bains to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations November 2014 Learn how and when to remove this message Neris les Bains French pronunciation neʁi le bɛ Occitan Neris is a commune in the Allier department in the Auvergne region in central France Neris les BainsCommuneThe church in Neris les BainsCoat of armsLocation of Neris les BainsNeris les BainsShow map of FranceNeris les BainsShow map of Auvergne Rhone AlpesCoordinates 46 17 19 N 2 39 44 E 46 2886 N 2 6622 E 46 2886 2 6622CountryFranceRegionAuvergne Rhone AlpesDepartmentAllierArrondissementMontluconCantonMontlucon 3Government Mayor 2020 2026 Alain Chapy 1 Area133 13 km2 12 79 sq mi Population 2021 2 2 514 Density76 km2 200 sq mi Time zoneUTC 01 00 CET Summer DST UTC 02 00 CEST INSEE Postal code03195 03310Elevation230 441 m 755 1 447 ft avg 360 m or 1 180 ft 1 French Land Register data which excludes lakes ponds glaciers gt 1 km2 0 386 sq mi or 247 acres and river estuaries Contents 1 Etymology 2 Geography 3 History 3 1 The Gaul era Neriomagos 3 2 The Roman colonisation Aquae Nerii 3 3 Germanic invasions and Merovingian era 3 4 Evangelism and Carolingian era 3 5 The 16th century 3 6 The 19th century 3 7 The 20th century 4 Population 5 Sights 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksEtymology editThe name Neris comes from the Gaul God Nerios a deity personifying the local thermal spring Latinized to Nerius Geography edit8 kilometers southeast of Montlucon the town is on departmental road 2144 which links Clermont Ferrand to Bourges via Montlucon and follows the trail of the ancient Roman way The town is at 352 meters of altitude on the first foothills of the Massif central more precisely the plateau of the Combrailles History editThe Gaul era Neriomagos edit At that time Neris was called Neriomagos the town of Nerios the deity personifying the thermal spring It was a village with a booming trade at the crossroads of two major ways The Roman colonisation Aquae Nerii edit Nerios was Latinized into Nerius and Neriomagos became Aquae Nerii Nerius waters The spring was used for therapeutic purposes and two luxurious thermal baths were created Numerous monuments were built including temples and villas The 8th legion Augusta stationed there at the end of the 1st century A circle theater amphitheater was built to offer circus games and stage performances to the soldiers and inhabitants Many relics remain from that golden age Germanic invasions and Merovingian era edit Around 275 C E the Germanic invasions destroyed a part of the town and the population fled leaving behind monetary treasures In the 4th century the thermal baths and the houses were partly rearranged and occupied again A new wave of invasions destroyed the town again and the ruins were then used as a gravel pit by the Merovingian population Stone blocks belonging to the public buildings were thus used for the sarcophaguses now located under the glass pyramid on the church square Evangelism and Carolingian era edit Saint Patrocle evangelized Neris in the 6th century and built a church and a convent there The current romanesque church dates back to the 11th or 12th century and was built in the same place as the original 6th century basilica which was erected upon the ruins of a Roman building The Carolingian king Pepin the First of Aquitaine Charlemagne s grandson stayed in Neris in 835 and 838 The 16th century edit Neris thermal baths fame increased Rabelais mentioned them in Pantagruel which is why Neris middle school is called College Francois Rabelais and Nicolas de Nicolay King Charles the Ninth of France geographer cited the Baings de Nerys in 1569 modern orthograph Bains de Neris Baths of Neris The 19th century edit Neris new golden age began when the Dauphine Duchess of Angouleme lay the foundation stone of the new thermal resort The hotels the casino and the theater were built Among the famous people who followed a thermal course of treatment in Neri were Chateaubriand Musset Lamartine and the empress Eugenie At that time archaeological excavations began to discover the Roman Aquae Nerii s infrastructure Society life was in full swing and grand parties were organized The 20th century edit Neris became a hospital town during the first World War where injured soldiers were taken care of By the end of the war the thermal baths were prosperous again In 1930 the railroad line between Neris and Montlucon entered service as did the train station in Neris with its pink sandstone and its multicolored roof designed by Louis Brachet The bourgeoisie and the politic class used the thermal baths including the Poincare family and Leon Blum The second World War and the social progress that preceded it Social Security and paid vacation gave the town a new look and a new clientele The thermal baths were modernized and the town equipped itself with golf an archaeological museum and a swimming pool Neris started opening up to health tourism and emphasizing its heritage Population editThe inhabitants of Neris les Bains are called Nerisiens The 18th century French economist Joachim Faiguet de Villeneuve 1703 1781 died in Neris les Bains Historical populationYearPop p a 19682 917 19752 836 0 40 19822 924 0 44 19902 831 0 40 19992 708 0 49 20072 728 0 09 20122 588 1 05 20172 553 0 27 Source INSEE 3 Sights editThe Saint Georges Church 11th and 12th centuries The Merovingian necropolis The City Hall 19th century The former train station by architect Louis Brachet Saint Joseph s Chapel 19th century The spa and theater nbsp The former train station nbsp The City Hall nbsp The Municipal Theater nbsp The spa nbsp Stained glass of the Saint Georges churchSee also editCommunes of the Allier departmentReferences edit Repertoire national des elus les maires data gouv fr Plateforme ouverte des donnees publiques francaises in French 2 December 2020 Populations legales 2021 The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies 28 December 2023 Population en historique depuis 1968 INSEEExternal links editRoute des Villes d Eaux du Massif Central nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Neris les Bains Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Neris les Bains amp oldid 1168148987, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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