The construction of models dates to 1668, when François-Michel le Tellier, Marquis de Louvois and minister of war to Louis XIV, began a collection of three-dimensional models of fortified cities for military purposes, known as 'plans-relief'. The models gave particular attention to the city fortifications and topographic features such as hills and harbors. In 1700, Louis XIV installed the collection in the Louvre. Initially the models were constructed in the field, by military engineers, but in 1743, two central workshops were established for their construction in Béthune and Lille. A large number of models were built during and after the War of the Austrian Succession (1741–1748) to represent newly captured sites. The collection was updated in 1754, but then fell into some disuse; the final models built under the Ancien Régime were those of Saint-Omer (1758), and the fort Saint-Philippe aux Baléares (1759).
In 1774, the collection was nearly destroyed when its Louvre gallery was rededicated to paintings, but was in 1777, moved to the Hôtel des Invalides where it remains to this day. Under Napoleon, a new set of models was built, including Luxembourg (1802), La Spezia (1811), Brest (1811), and Cherbourg (1811–1813). In 1814, 17 models mainly of German cities were taken to Berlin. Some were replaced and their production then continued until about 1870, when it drew to a close with the disappearance of fortifications bastionnées. The collection was declared a historical monument in 1927, and the museum established in 1943.
All told, some 260 plans-reliefs were created between 1668 and 1870, representing about 150 fortified sites. Today, 112 models are conserved by this museum, of which 15 are kept in the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lille. Additional models among those taken by the Prussians were later given to the cities of Strasbourg and Landau in der Pfalz. At present, the museum displays 28 plans-reliefs of fortifications along the English Channel, the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts, and the Pyrenees. It also contains presentations on construction and use of the plans-reliefs.
In 2012, part of the museum's collections were presented at the Grand Palais, as part of the exhibition La France en relief: masterpieces from the collection of relief plans from Louis XIV to Napoleon III, from January 18 as of February 17, 2012.
The museum is open daily except the first Monday of each month; an admission fee is charged.
musée, plans, reliefs, museum, military, models, located, within, hôtel, invalides, arrondissement, paris, france, 1703, model, château, oléron, museum1681, model, château, ifthe, construction, models, dates, 1668, when, françois, michel, tellier, marquis, lou. The Musee des Plans Reliefs is a museum of military models located within the Hotel des Invalides in the 7th arrondissement of Paris France 1703 model of Chateau d Oleron in the museum1681 model of Chateau d IfThe construction of models dates to 1668 when Francois Michel le Tellier Marquis de Louvois and minister of war to Louis XIV began a collection of three dimensional models of fortified cities for military purposes known as plans relief The models gave particular attention to the city fortifications and topographic features such as hills and harbors In 1700 Louis XIV installed the collection in the Louvre Initially the models were constructed in the field by military engineers but in 1743 two central workshops were established for their construction in Bethune and Lille A large number of models were built during and after the War of the Austrian Succession 1741 1748 to represent newly captured sites The collection was updated in 1754 but then fell into some disuse the final models built under the Ancien Regime were those of Saint Omer 1758 and the fort Saint Philippe aux Baleares 1759 In 1774 the collection was nearly destroyed when its Louvre gallery was rededicated to paintings but was in 1777 moved to the Hotel des Invalides where it remains to this day Under Napoleon a new set of models was built including Luxembourg 1802 La Spezia 1811 Brest 1811 and Cherbourg 1811 1813 In 1814 17 models mainly of German cities were taken to Berlin Some were replaced and their production then continued until about 1870 when it drew to a close with the disappearance of fortifications bastionnees The collection was declared a historical monument in 1927 and the museum established in 1943 All told some 260 plans reliefs were created between 1668 and 1870 representing about 150 fortified sites Today 112 models are conserved by this museum of which 15 are kept in the Musee des Beaux Arts de Lille Additional models among those taken by the Prussians were later given to the cities of Strasbourg and Landau in der Pfalz At present the museum displays 28 plans reliefs of fortifications along the English Channel the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts and the Pyrenees It also contains presentations on construction and use of the plans reliefs In 2012 part of the museum s collections were presented at the Grand Palais as part of the exhibition La France en relief masterpieces from the collection of relief plans from Louis XIV to Napoleon III from January 18 as of February 17 2012 The museum is open daily except the first Monday of each month an admission fee is charged See also editList of museums in ParisReferences editMusee des Plans Reliefs Monuments nationaux entry French Paris org entry Isabelle Warmoes Le Musee des plans reliefs Editions du patrimoine Paris 1997 George A Rothrock The Musee des Plans Reliefs French Historical Studies Vol 6 No 2 Autumn 1969 pages 253 256 48 51 23 N 2 18 48 E 48 85639 N 2 31333 E 48 85639 2 31333 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Musee des Plans Reliefs amp oldid 1161275324, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
