Muotkavaara (Finnish name; Norwegian: Krokfjell;[1]Russian: Муоткавара[2] or Муоткаваара,[3]Northern Sami: Muotkevárri, Inari Sami: Myetkivääri) is a hill in Lapland at the boundary between Finland, Norway and Russia. It is the second northernmost international tripoint in the world; the tripoint of Finland, Norway and Sweden is 900 metres closer to the North. The Finnish side belongs to the Inari municipality, the Norwegian side belongs to Sør-Varanger and the Russian side belongs to Nikel. The peak (169 metres (554 ft)) is in Norway.[4][5]
Treriksrøysa, a stone a cairn on the tripoint of Finland, Norway and Russia.
The Sami name (muotke, myetki) refers to an isthmus between waters.[6]
The border of Norway and Russia was demarcated in 1826, while Finland was an autonomous part of Russia. Further in 1833 it was ruled that the border between Grand Duchy of Finland and Russia proper meets the Norwegian border at "Mutkavaara" (Muotkavaara).[10]
Between 1920 and 1944, when Petsamo was part of Finland, there was no tripoint, since Norway and Russia did not share a border. Muotkavaara became a tripoint again in 1944, when Finland ceded Petsamo to the Soviet Union in the Moscow Armistice. The border was further modified in 1947 when Finland sold the Jäniskoski area to the Soviet Union. Since then the border between Finland and Soviet Union (now Russia) is oriented to the south-west from the Muotkavaara tripoint.
In fact, because this place across 3 different countries with 3 different time zones,(Norway uses UTC+1, Finland uses UTC +2 and Russia uses UTC+3 in that area), so it is also known for its time zone tripoint (the time zone tripoint only works in the winter when it’s freezing in that place, because Finland and Russia both uses UTC +3 at summer, while Norway uses UTC+2).
The tripoint is most easily reached from Grensefoss on the Norwegian side, around 5 km hike each way.
^Protocol between the Governments of the Kingdom of Norway, the Republic of Finland and of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics regarding the maintenance of the frontier mark erected at Muotkavaara (Krokfjellet) at the meeting-point of the State frontiers of Norway, Finland and the Soviet Union, 7 February 1953 (Official texts in Russian, Norwegian, and Finnish, and translations into English and French pp. 144–161)
^"Norgeskart". Statens kartverk. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
^. by-the-borderline.com. Archived from the original on October 31, 2016. Retrieved October 1, 2016.
^Ilmari Mattus (2006). "Paikannimistö" (PDF). Paistunturin erämaa-alueen ja Kevon luonnonpuiston luonto, käyttö ja paikannimistö. Metsähallitus. p. 148. Retrieved 14 August 2012.[permanent dead link]
^"Suomen–Norjan valtakunnanrajankäynti 2000: Rajamerkkipöytäkirja" (PDF). Retrieved 14 August 2012.
^"Suomen ja Norjan rajankäynti: Pöytäkirja rajamerkistä "Muotkavaara" (Krokfjellet), joka on asetettu Suomen, SNT-Liiton ja Norjan valtakunnanrajojen yhtymäkohtaan (1947)" (PDF). 2000. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
^Svein Askheim. "Treriksrøysa – Sør-Varanger". Store norske leksikon. Retrieved October 1, 2016.
^Pekka Tätilä (2003). "Suomen ja Norjan valtakunnanraja - Vuoden 2000 rajankäynti" (PDF). Maanmittaus. 78 (1–2): 46–56. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
^"Pasvik–Inari: Yhteinen luonto ja historia" (PDF). Inari–Pasvik-alueen luonnonsuojelun ja kestävän luontomatkailun edistämisen yhteistyöhanke. 2007. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
muotkavaara, finnish, name, norwegian, krokfjell, russian, Муоткавара, Муоткаваара, northern, sami, muotkevárri, inari, sami, myetkivääri, hill, lapland, boundary, between, finland, norway, russia, second, northernmost, international, tripoint, world, tripoint. Muotkavaara Finnish name Norwegian Krokfjell 1 Russian Muotkavara 2 or Muotkavaara 3 Northern Sami Muotkevarri Inari Sami Myetkivaari is a hill in Lapland at the boundary between Finland Norway and Russia It is the second northernmost international tripoint in the world the tripoint of Finland Norway and Sweden is 900 metres closer to the North The Finnish side belongs to the Inari municipality the Norwegian side belongs to Sor Varanger and the Russian side belongs to Nikel The peak 169 metres 554 ft is in Norway 4 5 Treriksroysa a stone a cairn on the tripoint of Finland Norway and Russia The Sami name muotke myetki refers to an isthmus between waters 6 Tripoint cairn editTreriksroysa a rock cairn at the tripoint was erected in 1846 7 A concrete tetrahedron was added on the top in 1945 8 9 The border of Norway and Russia was demarcated in 1826 while Finland was an autonomous part of Russia Further in 1833 it was ruled that the border between Grand Duchy of Finland and Russia proper meets the Norwegian border at Mutkavaara Muotkavaara 10 Between 1920 and 1944 when Petsamo was part of Finland there was no tripoint since Norway and Russia did not share a border Muotkavaara became a tripoint again in 1944 when Finland ceded Petsamo to the Soviet Union in the Moscow Armistice The border was further modified in 1947 when Finland sold the Janiskoski area to the Soviet Union Since then the border between Finland and Soviet Union now Russia is oriented to the south west from the Muotkavaara tripoint In fact because this place across 3 different countries with 3 different time zones Norway uses UTC 1 Finland uses UTC 2 and Russia uses UTC 3 in that area so it is also known for its time zone tripoint the time zone tripoint only works in the winter when it s freezing in that place because Finland and Russia both uses UTC 3 at summer while Norway uses UTC 2 The tripoint is most easily reached from Grensefoss on the Norwegian side around 5 km hike each way Outdooring editThe Norwegian side of Muotkavaara is part of Ovre Pasvik National Park The Finnish side is slightly outside the Vatsari Wilderness Area 11 There is a joint name for the contiguous natural reserve area Pasvik Inari Trilateral Park 69 03 115 N 28 55 758 E 69 051917 N 28 929300 E 69 051917 28 929300 Muotkavaara tripoint References edit Svein Askheim Krokfjell Store norske leksikon Retrieved October 1 2016 Soviet military map R 35 36 1 1 000 000 Protocol between the Governments of the Kingdom of Norway the Republic of Finland and of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics regarding the maintenance of the frontier mark erected at Muotkavaara Krokfjellet at the meeting point of the State frontiers of Norway Finland and the Soviet Union 7 February 1953 Official texts in Russian Norwegian and Finnish and translations into English and French pp 144 161 Norgeskart Statens kartverk Retrieved 14 August 2012 Muotkavaara lines in the wilderness by the borderline com Archived from the original on October 31 2016 Retrieved October 1 2016 Ilmari Mattus 2006 Paikannimisto PDF Paistunturin eramaa alueen ja Kevon luonnonpuiston luonto kaytto ja paikannimisto Metsahallitus p 148 Retrieved 14 August 2012 permanent dead link Suomen Norjan valtakunnanrajankaynti 2000 Rajamerkkipoytakirja PDF Retrieved 14 August 2012 Suomen ja Norjan rajankaynti Poytakirja rajamerkista Muotkavaara Krokfjellet joka on asetettu Suomen SNT Liiton ja Norjan valtakunnanrajojen yhtymakohtaan 1947 PDF 2000 Retrieved 14 August 2012 Svein Askheim Treriksroysa Sor Varanger Store norske leksikon Retrieved October 1 2016 Pekka Tatila 2003 Suomen ja Norjan valtakunnanraja Vuoden 2000 rajankaynti PDF Maanmittaus 78 1 2 46 56 Retrieved 14 August 2012 Pasvik Inari Yhteinen luonto ja historia PDF Inari Pasvik alueen luonnonsuojelun ja kestavan luontomatkailun edistamisen yhteistyohanke 2007 Retrieved 14 August 2012 69 03 44 N 28 55 41 E 69 05733 N 28 92350 E 69 05733 28 92350 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Muotkavaara amp oldid 1167969072, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
