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Mount Clare Shops

November 10, 2023

39°17′08″N 76°38′00″W / 39.285457°N 76.633437°W / 39.285457; -76.633437 The Mount Clare Shops is the oldest railroad manufacturing complex in the United States, located in Baltimore, Maryland.[1] It was founded by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) in 1829. Mt. Clare was the site of many inventions and innovations in railroad technology. It is now the site of the B&O Railroad Museum. The museum and Mt. Clare station were designated a National Historic Landmark in 1961.[2]

Mount Clare Shops in 1971. The circular Passenger Car Shop (1884) and Mt. Clare Depot (1851) are located in center right. Left: Passenger Car Shop and Paint Shop (1870). Buildings demolished after 1971: Lower right: Grain Elevator (1910). Top left to top center: Blacksmith Shop (1866), Brass Foundry and Iron Foundry (1864).

History edit

The Mount Clare site was a portion of an estate owned by Charles Carroll (barrister), a distant cousin of Charles Carroll of Carrollton. (See Mount Clare (Maryland).) The initial operations of the B&O used horsecars, and the earliest facilities on the Mt. Clare site included a depot and stables for horses. This was one of the earliest passenger stations in the United States.[3]

Following the 1830 manufacture of the first U.S. steam locomotive by Peter Cooper at the nearby Canton Iron Works, the B&O began building locomotives at Mt. Clare, as well as freight cars, passenger cars, bridges and other railroad equipment. Ross Winans and Phineas Davis, pioneers in locomotive design, built their inventions at Mt. Clare.[4]: 208  The shops employed 100 workers in 1839.[5]

The B&O built an ironworks at Mt. Clare in 1850.[4]: 363  The first iron railroad bridges, designed by Wendel Bollman, were built in the Mt. Clare shops in the 1850s. A roundhouse, engine service and car shops, and a new depot were also built at Mt. Clare during this period.[5]

After the Civil War, the railroad built a foundry, blacksmith shop, additional car shops and an office building at Mt. Clare. In 1882, the railroad added a bridge fabrication shop. A circular (actually 22-sided) passenger car shop, sometimes mislabeled as a roundhouse, was designed by architect E. Francis Baldwin and completed in 1884. At the time of completion it was the largest circular industrial building in the world, 235 ft (72 m) in diameter and 123 ft (37 m) high.[6][7]

Mt. Clare shops employed 1,000 workers by 1852 and over 3,000 in the 1920s.[5]

Between 1900 and 1920, the B&O erected a large locomotive shop, sawmill, machine shop, a grain elevator and a tender shop. Air-conditioned passenger cars were developed by the B&O and the Carrier Corporation at Mt. Clare in the late 1920s.[5]

The railroad built its last steam locomotive at Mt. Clare in 1948. During the 1950s, as the railroad increased its use of diesel locomotives, there was less demand for steam locomotive and machine shop work at Mt. Clare. The railroad abandoned use of the circular car shop in 1953 and made it available for use by the museum.

In 1962, a fire destroyed the Mt. Clare locomotive erecting shop.[8] The Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (C&O) purchased the B&O, also in 1962, and subsequently locomotive repairs were handled at the B&O shops in Cumberland, Maryland. Only car repairs were continued at Mt. Clare, until 1974, when all shop work on the site was discontinued. By this time many of the buildings were in disrepair, and most were demolished by 1976, except for those used by the museum.[1][8] CSX Transportation, the successor railroad company, sold portions of the property, and 40 acres (160,000 m2) of the Mt. Clare site have been retained by the museum.[5]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b United States National Park Service. Washington, DC. Historic American Engineering Record (HAER). "Baltimore and Ohio Railroad: Mount Clare Shops." HAER No. MD-6A. 1984.
  2. ^ . National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on March 8, 2009. Retrieved October 5, 2008.
  3. ^ Federal Writers' Project (1940), Maryland: A Guide to the Old Line State, New York: Oxford University Press, p. 250, ISBN 978-1-60354-019-3
  4. ^ a b Dilts, James D. (1996), The Great Road: The Building of the Baltimore and Ohio, the Nation's First Railroad, 1828-1853, Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press, ISBN 978-0-8047-2629-0
  5. ^ a b c d e Cunningham, Shawn (1994), The B&O Railroad Museum, Baltimore, MD: B&O Railroad Museum, p. 10, ISBN 1-886248-00-1
  6. ^ United States National Park Service. Washington, DC. Historic American Engineering Record (HAER). "Baltimore and Ohio Railroad: Mount Clare Passenger Car Shop." HAER No. MD-6. Written historical and descriptive data, p.2. 1984.
  7. ^ Note: Other publications list various heights for the shop, ranging from 120 ft (37 m) to 135 ft.
  8. ^ a b Harwood, Jr., Herbert H. (1979), Impossible Challenge: The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in Maryland, Baltimore, MD: Barnard, Roberts & Co., p. 180, ISBN 978-0-934118-17-0

External links edit

  • B&O Railroad Museum

November 10, 2023
mount, clare, shops, 285457, 633437, 285457, 633437, oldest, railroad, manufacturing, complex, united, states, located, baltimore, maryland, founded, baltimore, ohio, railroad, 1829, clare, site, many, inventions, innovations, railroad, technology, site, railr. 39 17 08 N 76 38 00 W 39 285457 N 76 633437 W 39 285457 76 633437 The Mount Clare Shops is the oldest railroad manufacturing complex in the United States located in Baltimore Maryland 1 It was founded by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad B amp O in 1829 Mt Clare was the site of many inventions and innovations in railroad technology It is now the site of the B amp O Railroad Museum The museum and Mt Clare station were designated a National Historic Landmark in 1961 2 Mount Clare Shops in 1971 The circular Passenger Car Shop 1884 and Mt Clare Depot 1851 are located in center right Left Passenger Car Shop and Paint Shop 1870 Buildings demolished after 1971 Lower right Grain Elevator 1910 Top left to top center Blacksmith Shop 1866 Brass Foundry and Iron Foundry 1864 Contents 1 History 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksHistory editThe Mount Clare site was a portion of an estate owned by Charles Carroll barrister a distant cousin of Charles Carroll of Carrollton See Mount Clare Maryland The initial operations of the B amp O used horsecars and the earliest facilities on the Mt Clare site included a depot and stables for horses This was one of the earliest passenger stations in the United States 3 Following the 1830 manufacture of the first U S steam locomotive by Peter Cooper at the nearby Canton Iron Works the B amp O began building locomotives at Mt Clare as well as freight cars passenger cars bridges and other railroad equipment Ross Winans and Phineas Davis pioneers in locomotive design built their inventions at Mt Clare 4 208 The shops employed 100 workers in 1839 5 The B amp O built an ironworks at Mt Clare in 1850 4 363 The first iron railroad bridges designed by Wendel Bollman were built in the Mt Clare shops in the 1850s A roundhouse engine service and car shops and a new depot were also built at Mt Clare during this period 5 After the Civil War the railroad built a foundry blacksmith shop additional car shops and an office building at Mt Clare In 1882 the railroad added a bridge fabrication shop A circular actually 22 sided passenger car shop sometimes mislabeled as a roundhouse was designed by architect E Francis Baldwin and completed in 1884 At the time of completion it was the largest circular industrial building in the world 235 ft 72 m in diameter and 123 ft 37 m high 6 7 Mt Clare shops employed 1 000 workers by 1852 and over 3 000 in the 1920s 5 Between 1900 and 1920 the B amp O erected a large locomotive shop sawmill machine shop a grain elevator and a tender shop Air conditioned passenger cars were developed by the B amp O and the Carrier Corporation at Mt Clare in the late 1920s 5 The railroad built its last steam locomotive at Mt Clare in 1948 During the 1950s as the railroad increased its use of diesel locomotives there was less demand for steam locomotive and machine shop work at Mt Clare The railroad abandoned use of the circular car shop in 1953 and made it available for use by the museum In 1962 a fire destroyed the Mt Clare locomotive erecting shop 8 The Chesapeake and Ohio Railway C amp O purchased the B amp O also in 1962 and subsequently locomotive repairs were handled at the B amp O shops in Cumberland Maryland Only car repairs were continued at Mt Clare until 1974 when all shop work on the site was discontinued By this time many of the buildings were in disrepair and most were demolished by 1976 except for those used by the museum 1 8 CSX Transportation the successor railroad company sold portions of the property and 40 acres 160 000 m2 of the Mt Clare site have been retained by the museum 5 See also editList of locomotive builders Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Martinsburg ShopsReferences edit a b United States National Park Service Washington DC Historic American Engineering Record HAER Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Mount Clare Shops HAER No MD 6A 1984 Baltimore and Ohio Transportation Museum and Mount Clare Station National Historic Landmark summary listing National Park Service Archived from the original on March 8 2009 Retrieved October 5 2008 Federal Writers Project 1940 Maryland A Guide to the Old Line State New York Oxford University Press p 250 ISBN 978 1 60354 019 3 a b Dilts James D 1996 The Great Road The Building of the Baltimore and Ohio the Nation s First Railroad 1828 1853 Palo Alto CA Stanford University Press ISBN 978 0 8047 2629 0 a b c d e Cunningham Shawn 1994 The B amp O Railroad Museum Baltimore MD B amp O Railroad Museum p 10 ISBN 1 886248 00 1 United States National Park Service Washington DC Historic American Engineering Record HAER Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Mount Clare Passenger Car Shop HAER No MD 6 Written historical and descriptive data p 2 1984 Note Other publications list various heights for the shop ranging from 120 ft 37 m to 135 ft a b Harwood Jr Herbert H 1979 Impossible Challenge The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in Maryland Baltimore MD Barnard Roberts amp Co p 180 ISBN 978 0 934118 17 0External links editB amp O Railroad Museum Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mount Clare Shops amp oldid 1169256236, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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