Many genera have been included in this family.[2] According to Fitzpatrick, the family contained Mortierella, Herpocladium, Dissophora, and Haplosporangium.[3] Later, Herpocladium was removed and Aquamortierella added. Another genus, Echinosporangium, was later added.[4] Currently, the family contains Mortierella, which may be paraphyletic compared to other genera, the bitypic (containing only two species) Dissophora and Modicella, and the monotypic (containing only one species) genera Aquamortirella, Lobosporangium, and Gamsiella.[5] A new genus, Echinochlamydosporium, was described in 2011.[6] In 2018, due to DNA analysis, Echinochlamydosporium was transferred to the Calcarisporiellaceae family.[7]
Morphologyedit
Members of this family have coenocytichyphae. Colonies tend to be white or off-white and are characterized by zonate growth—that is, growing in rings—and an onion or garlic smell. Single or multiple columellate sporangia are born on aerial sporangiophores. Their distinctive zygospores may be enveloped by hyphae. They may be smooth or dimples but nearly all have apposed suspensors.[2] This family also produces chlamydospores, which may be spiny or rough and thick-walled.[4]
Fig 1 A Mortierella : Branched mito-sporangiophores
Fig 1 B Mortierella : Unbranched mito-sporangiophores
Mortierella is the most commonly encountered and well studied of the genera.[2] Members of this genus typically are saprobes in soil, dung, and reproductive bodies of higher fungi, but there are facultative parasites.[3] Isolates of Mortierella can be readily obtained from forest soils on Czapek agar, hay agar, or water agar.[8] Members of this genus are thought to play significant roles in temperate forest ecosystems, though many are psychrophiles (requiring cold temperatures for growth) and are likely overlooked in soil samples incubated at room temperature.[2]
Referencesedit
^Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CABI. p. 439. ISBN978-0-85199-826-8.
^ abcdAlexopoulos C. J., C. W. Mims, & M. Blackwell. 1996. Introductory Mycology. Fourth Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
^ abFitzpatrick, Harry Morton. 1930. The Lower Fungi: Phycomycetes. First Edition. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. New York.
^ abHesseltine C. W. & J. J. Ellis. 1973. Mucorales. in: The Fungi: An Advanced Treatise. Volume 5B. A Taxonomic Review with Keys: Basidiomycetes and Lower Fungi. Academic Press. New York. pg. 187-217.
^White, M. M., James, T. Y., O’Donnell, K., Cafaro, M. J., Tanabe, Y., & Sugiyama, J. (2006). Phylogeny of the Zygomycota based on nuclear ribosomal sequence data. Mycologia, 98(6), 872-884.
^Jiang XZ, Yu HY, Xiang MC, Liu XY, Liu XZ (2011). "Echinochlamydosporium variabile, a new genus and species of Zygomycota from soil nematodes". Fungal Diversity. 46 (1): 43–51. doi:10.1007/s13225-010-0076-7.
^Tedersoo, Leho; Sanchez-Ramırez, Santiago; Köljalg, Urmas; Bahram, Mohammad; Döring, Markus; Schigel, Dmitry; May, Tom; Ryberg, Martin; Abarenkov, Kessy (May 2018). "High-level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses". Fungal Diversity. 90 (1). doi:10.1007/s13225-018-0401-0. hdl:10138/238983.
^Mycology Guidebook Committee, Mycological Society of America. 1981. Mycology Guidebook. Editor: Russel B. Stevens. University of Washington Press Seattle, Washington.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mortierellaceae.
Wikispecies has information related to Mortierellaceae.
Pictures of Mortierella sp. on iNaturalist.org
Mortierella in medicine--Opportunistic Pathogen Mortierella wolfii
Genomes--Mortierella elongata
Mortierella
New Brunswick Museum--Mortierella
Ubiquity of Family--Poster
Key to Genera on Zygomycetes.org
Aquamortierella
Dissophora
Gamsiella
Lobosporangium
Modicella
Petkovits et al.--Data Partitions, Bayesian Analysis and Phylogeny of the Zygomycetous Fungal Family Mortierellaceae, Inferred from Nuclear Ribosomal DNA Sequences
April 30, 2024
mortierellaceae, family, fungi, order, mortierellales, family, contains, genera, species, reverse, perspective, culture, demonstrating, zonate, growth, characteristic, this, genus, scientific, classification, kingdom, fungi, division, zygomycota, subdivision, . The Mortierellaceae are a family of fungi in the order Mortierellales The family contains six genera and 93 species 1 Mortierellaceae Reverse perspective of a culture demonstrating the zonate growth characteristic of this genus Scientific classification Kingdom Fungi Division Zygomycota Subdivision Mucoromycotina Order Mortierellales Family MortierellaceaeA Fisch 1892 Type genus MortierellaCoem 1863 Genera Aquamortierella Dissophora Gamsiella Lobosporangium Modicella Mortierella Contents 1 Taxonomic history 2 Morphology 3 Mortierella 4 References 5 External linksTaxonomic history editMany genera have been included in this family 2 According to Fitzpatrick the family contained Mortierella Herpocladium Dissophora and Haplosporangium 3 Later Herpocladium was removed and Aquamortierella added Another genus Echinosporangium was later added 4 Currently the family contains Mortierella which may be paraphyletic compared to other genera the bitypic containing only two species Dissophora and Modicella and the monotypic containing only one species genera Aquamortirella Lobosporangium and Gamsiella 5 A new genus Echinochlamydosporium was described in 2011 6 In 2018 due to DNA analysis Echinochlamydosporium was transferred to the Calcarisporiellaceae family 7 Morphology editMembers of this family have coenocytic hyphae Colonies tend to be white or off white and are characterized by zonate growth that is growing in rings and an onion or garlic smell Single or multiple columellate sporangia are born on aerial sporangiophores Their distinctive zygospores may be enveloped by hyphae They may be smooth or dimples but nearly all have apposed suspensors 2 This family also produces chlamydospores which may be spiny or rough and thick walled 4 nbsp Fig 1 A Mortierella Branched mito sporangiophores nbsp Fig 1 B Mortierella Unbranched mito sporangiophoresAsexual Development nbsp Fig 2 A Mortierella Naked meiospore nbsp Fig 2 B Mortierella Nested meiosporeSexual DevelopmentMortierella editMortierella is the most commonly encountered and well studied of the genera 2 Members of this genus typically are saprobes in soil dung and reproductive bodies of higher fungi but there are facultative parasites 3 Isolates of Mortierella can be readily obtained from forest soils on Czapek agar hay agar or water agar 8 Members of this genus are thought to play significant roles in temperate forest ecosystems though many are psychrophiles requiring cold temperatures for growth and are likely overlooked in soil samples incubated at room temperature 2 References edit Kirk PM Cannon PF Minter DW Stalpers JA 2008 Dictionary of the Fungi 10th ed Wallingford UK CABI p 439 ISBN 978 0 85199 826 8 a b c d Alexopoulos C J C W Mims amp M Blackwell 1996 Introductory Mycology Fourth Edition John Wiley amp Sons Inc a b Fitzpatrick Harry Morton 1930 The Lower Fungi Phycomycetes First Edition McGraw Hill Book Company Inc New York a b Hesseltine C W amp J J Ellis 1973 Mucorales in The Fungi An Advanced Treatise Volume 5B A Taxonomic Review with Keys Basidiomycetes and Lower Fungi Academic Press New York pg 187 217 White M M James T Y O Donnell K Cafaro M J Tanabe Y amp Sugiyama J 2006 Phylogeny of the Zygomycota based on nuclear ribosomal sequence data Mycologia 98 6 872 884 Jiang XZ Yu HY Xiang MC Liu XY Liu XZ 2011 Echinochlamydosporium variabile a new genus and species of Zygomycota from soil nematodes Fungal Diversity 46 1 43 51 doi 10 1007 s13225 010 0076 7 Tedersoo Leho Sanchez Ramirez Santiago Koljalg Urmas Bahram Mohammad Doring Markus Schigel Dmitry May Tom Ryberg Martin Abarenkov Kessy May 2018 High level classification of the Fungi and a tool for evolutionary ecological analyses Fungal Diversity 90 1 doi 10 1007 s13225 018 0401 0 hdl 10138 238983 Mycology Guidebook Committee Mycological Society of America 1981 Mycology Guidebook Editor Russel B Stevens University of Washington Press Seattle Washington External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mortierellaceae nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Mortierellaceae Pictures of Mortierella sp on iNaturalist org Mortierella in medicine Opportunistic Pathogen Mortierella wolfii Genomes Mortierella elongata Mortierella New Brunswick Museum Mortierella Ubiquity of Family Poster Key to Genera on Zygomycetes org Aquamortierella Dissophora Gamsiella Lobosporangium Modicella Petkovits et al Data Partitions Bayesian Analysis and Phylogeny of the Zygomycetous Fungal Family Mortierellaceae Inferred from Nuclear Ribosomal DNA Sequences Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mortierellaceae amp oldid 1180276703, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
