The Monastery in Ghazali is a medieval Christian monastery in the Bayuda Desert in northern Sudan. Probably founded by the Makurian king Merkurios in the late 7th century, it functioned until the 13th century.[1]
The remains of the Ghazali monastery on a mid-19th century painting by Karl Richard Lepsius
Almost all famous travelers visited the site in the 19th century.[2] The first excavations took place in the 1950s. From 2012 to 2018, research in Ghazali was conducted by a team of Polish archaeologists from the Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology University of Warsaw, in cooperation with the National Corporation of Antiquities and Museums of Sudan. The project was directed by Artur Obłuski. At the same time, preparations were made for opening the site to visitors.[1]
Description of the siteedit
The ruins in 1905
Apart from the monastery, which is the main feature of the site in Ghazali, a settlement, cemeteries, and a metallurgical center with iron-smelting furnaces provided additional information on the daily life of the monks.[3]
The North Church in Ghazali with a basilical layout was mentioned already by 19th-century travelers and was first excavated by Peter Shinnie’s expedition.[4] It is a typical Makurian church.[1][2] The younger South Church is built entirely of mud bricks.[1]
The monastery also encompasses several other buildings that served different functions. A free-standing building contained at first six, and then twelve dormitories. The triple bedrooms were small, measuring about 20 square meters. Remains of a staircase indicate there was a second floor.[5] A refectory (dining room) and installations for food production, such as a mill and an oil press, were found as well.[1]
There is evidence suggesting the presence of a pilgrimage movement in Ghazali.[1][2]
^ abcObłuski, Artur (2014). "Ghazali Site Presentation Project 2012–2014 preliminary results" (PDF). Der Antike Sudan. 25: 197–205.
^Obłuski, Artur; Ciesielska, Joanna; Stark, Robert; Chlebowski, Adrian; Misiurny, Aleksander; Żelechowski-Stoń, Maciej; el-Din Mahmoud, Zaki (2018-04-11). "Qatar Sudan Archaeological Project Excavations at the Ghazali monastery from 2014 to 2016". Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean. 27 (1): 245–271. doi:10.5604/01.3001.0013.2003. ISSN 1234-5415.
^Obłuski, Artur (2018). "El-Ghazali – a royal monastery in Northern Sudan?". Sudan and Nubia. 22: 155–166.
^Obłuski A., Ciesielska J., Stark R., Chlebowski A., Misiurny A., Żelechowski-Stoń M., el-Din Mahmoud Z. (2018). Qatar-Sudan Archaeological Project: Excavations at the Ghazali monastery from 2014 to 2016, Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 27/1, 245–271
Bibliographyedit
The list contains a selection of the latest publications on the research in the monastery written in English.
Stark, R., Ciesielska, J.A. (2019). Vertebral infection in a male individual buried in the monastic cemetery (Cemetery 2) at Ghazali (ca. 670–1270 CE), northern Sudan, International Journal of Paleopathology 24, 34–40
Obłuski, A. El-Ghazali – a royal monastery in Northern Sudan?, Sudan and Nubia 22, 2018, 155–166
Obłuski A., Ciesielska J., Stark R., Chlebowski A., Misiurny A., Żelechowski-Stoń M., el-Din Mahmoud Z. Qatar-Sudan Archaeological Project: Excavations at the Ghazali monastery from 2014 to 2016, Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 27/1, 2018, 245–271
Obłuski, A., Ochała, G., Calaforra-Rzepka, C., Korzeniowska, M., Maślak, S., & ed-Din Mahmoud, E. The winter seasons of 2013 and 2014 in the Ghazali monastery. Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean, 26(1), 2017, 367–398, https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.1795
Obłuski, A., Ochała, G., Bogacki, M., Małkowski, W., Maślak, S., & ed-Din Mahmoud, Z. Ghazali 2012: preliminary report. Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean, 24(1), 2015, 431–442. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.0085
Obłuski, A. Ghazali Site Presentation Project preliminary results, Der Antike Sudan. Mitteilungen der Sudanarchäologischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin e.V, 25, 2014, 197–205
External linksedit
Nubian Monasteries, Ghazali
Ghazali Archaeological Site Presentation Project
Virtual reconstruction of the Monastery in Ghazali
April 11, 2024
monastery, ghazali, medieval, christian, monastery, bayuda, desert, northern, sudan, probably, founded, makurian, king, merkurios, late, century, functioned, until, 13th, century, remains, ghazali, monastery, 19th, century, painting, karl, richard, lepsius, co. The Monastery in Ghazali is a medieval Christian monastery in the Bayuda Desert in northern Sudan Probably founded by the Makurian king Merkurios in the late 7th century it functioned until the 13th century 1 The remains of the Ghazali monastery on a mid 19th century painting by Karl Richard Lepsius Contents 1 Archaeological research 2 Description of the site 3 References 4 Bibliography 5 External linksArchaeological research editAlmost all famous travelers visited the site in the 19th century 2 The first excavations took place in the 1950s From 2012 to 2018 research in Ghazali was conducted by a team of Polish archaeologists from the Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology University of Warsaw in cooperation with the National Corporation of Antiquities and Museums of Sudan The project was directed by Artur Obluski At the same time preparations were made for opening the site to visitors 1 Description of the site edit nbsp The ruins in 1905Apart from the monastery which is the main feature of the site in Ghazali a settlement cemeteries and a metallurgical center with iron smelting furnaces provided additional information on the daily life of the monks 3 The North Church in Ghazali with a basilical layout was mentioned already by 19th century travelers and was first excavated by Peter Shinnie s expedition 4 It is a typical Makurian church 1 2 The younger South Church is built entirely of mud bricks 1 The monastery also encompasses several other buildings that served different functions A free standing building contained at first six and then twelve dormitories The triple bedrooms were small measuring about 20 square meters Remains of a staircase indicate there was a second floor 5 A refectory dining room and installations for food production such as a mill and an oil press were found as well 1 There is evidence suggesting the presence of a pilgrimage movement in Ghazali 1 2 References edit a b c d e f Ghazali pcma uw edu pl Retrieved 2020 05 26 a b c Obluski Artur 2014 Ghazali Site Presentation Project 2012 2014 preliminary results PDF Der Antike Sudan 25 197 205 Obluski Artur Ciesielska Joanna Stark Robert Chlebowski Adrian Misiurny Aleksander Zelechowski Ston Maciej el Din Mahmoud Zaki 2018 04 11 Qatar Sudan Archaeological Project Excavations at the Ghazali monastery from 2014 to 2016 Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 27 1 245 271 doi 10 5604 01 3001 0013 2003 ISSN 1234 5415 Obluski Artur 2018 El Ghazali a royal monastery in Northern Sudan Sudan and Nubia 22 155 166 Obluski A Ciesielska J Stark R Chlebowski A Misiurny A Zelechowski Ston M el Din Mahmoud Z 2018 Qatar Sudan Archaeological Project Excavations at the Ghazali monastery from 2014 to 2016 Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 27 1 245 271Bibliography editThe list contains a selection of the latest publications on the research in the monastery written in English Stark R Ciesielska J A 2019 Vertebral infection in a male individual buried in the monastic cemetery Cemetery 2 at Ghazali ca 670 1270 CE northern Sudan International Journal of Paleopathology 24 34 40 Obluski A El Ghazali a royal monastery in Northern Sudan Sudan and Nubia 22 2018 155 166 Obluski A Ciesielska J Stark R Chlebowski A Misiurny A Zelechowski Ston M el Din Mahmoud Z Qatar Sudan Archaeological Project Excavations at the Ghazali monastery from 2014 to 2016 Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 27 1 2018 245 271 Obluski A Ochala G Calaforra Rzepka C Korzeniowska M Maslak S amp ed Din Mahmoud E The winter seasons of 2013 and 2014 in the Ghazali monastery Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 26 1 2017 367 398 https doi org 10 5604 01 3001 0012 1795 Obluski A Ochala G Bogacki M Malkowski W Maslak S amp ed Din Mahmoud Z Ghazali 2012 preliminary report Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 24 1 2015 431 442 https doi org 10 5604 01 3001 0010 0085 Obluski A Ghazali Site Presentation Project preliminary results Der Antike Sudan Mitteilungen der Sudanarchaologischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin e V 25 2014 197 205External links editNubian Monasteries Ghazali Ghazali Archaeological Site Presentation Project Virtual reconstruction of the Monastery in Ghazali Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Monastery in Ghazali amp oldid 1215922315, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
