fbpx
Wikipedia

Mitrofan Nedelin

October 21, 2023

Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin (Russian: Митрофа́н Ива́нович Неде́лин; 9 November [O.S. 27 October] 1902 – 24 October 1960) was a Soviet military commander who served as Chief Marshal of the Artillery in the Soviet Armed Forces.

Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin
Born9 November [O.S. 27 October] 1902
Borisoglebsk, Voronezh Governorate, Russian Empire
Died24 October 1960(1960-10-24) (aged 57)
Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakh SSR, Soviet Union
Buried
Kremlin Wall Necropolis
Allegiance Soviet Union
Service/branchArtillery
Strategic Rocket Forces
Years of service1920–1960
RankChief marshal of the artillery
Commands held13th Artillery Regiment (1939–40)
Artillery 160th Rifle Division (1940–41)
4th Anti-Tank Brigade (1941)
Artillery 18th Army (1941)
Artillery 37th Army (1941–43)
Artillery 56th Army (1943)
V Artillery Corps (1943)
Artillery South-Western Front (1943)
Artillery 3rd Ukrainian Front (1943–45)
Artillery Southern Soviet Group of Forces (1945–46)
Chief Artillery Directorate (1948–50)
Artillery (1950–52, 1953–55)
Deputy Minister of War (1952–53)
Deputy Minister of Defence (1955–60)
Strategic Missile Force (1959–60)
Battles/warsRussian Civil War
Spanish Civil War
Winter War
World War II
AwardsHero of the Soviet Union

A long-time member of the Red Army, Nedelin was a veteran of numerous wars and was honored as a Hero of the Soviet Union for his service during the Second World War. On 8 May 1959, Nedelin was promoted to Chief Marshal of the Artillery, and became an important program manager in the development of ICBMs and the Space Race. On 24 October 1960, Nedelin was killed in an explosion at Baikonur Cosmodrome during the eponymous Nedelin catastrophe.

Early life Edit

Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin was born on November 9, 1902, in Borisoglebsk, Voronezh Governorate, Russian Empire.

Military career Edit

Nedelin joined the Red Army in 1920, aged 18, and fought as a volunteer in the Russian Civil War until its conclusion in 1923. The following year he joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and was conscripted back into the Red Army, becoming an artillery commander.[1] From 1937 to 1939, Nedelin fought in the Spanish Civil War as a foreign volunteer for the Republican Government, and the same year was appointed to command 13th Artillery Regiment in the Soviet Red Army.[2] In 1940 he was appointed to command the artillery of 160th Rifle Division after returning from Spain, and participated in the Winter War until 1940.[2]

In 1941, after the Soviet Union entered World War II, Nedelin was appointed commander of first 4th Anti-Tank Brigade, then the artillery of 18th Army, and then the artillery of 37th Army where he stayed until 1943, before being moved to command the artillery of 56th Army.[2] In 1943, he was appointed Deputy Commanding Officer of the artillery of the Northern Caucasian Front.[1][2] From there Nedelin moved to command the V Artillery Corps, and then the artillery of the south-western front, and then the artillery of the 3rd Ukrainian Front where he stayed from 1943 to 1945, playing an especially important part in the capture of Hungary.[1][2] In 1945, Nedelin became assistant commanding officer and then the commanding officer of the artillery of the Soviet Southern Group of Forces.[1][2]

In 1946, after the end of the Second World War, Nedelin became chief of staff of the chief artillery directorate of the Soviet Army, and then chief of staff of artillery, and then deputy commander in chief of artillery. In 1948, he became head of the chief artillery directorate of the Soviet Army before becoming commander in chief of artillery from 1950 to 1952, and after a brief period as Deputy Minister of War, returned as commander in chief of artillery from 1953 to 1955.[1][2] From 1955, he was Deputy Minister of Defence, and concurrently from 1959 commander in chief of the Strategic Missile Force.[1][2]

Space Edit

During the Cold War, Nedelin inadvertently played a key role in ushering in the Space Age by concluding that rockets were the ideal means to deliver a nuclear warhead to the United States instead of bombers, and ordered Sergei Korolev to develop the massive R-7 ICBM, capable of carrying a large warhead to the United States. This rocket and its derivatives, while never an effective ICBM, was powerful enough to launch Sputnik, the world's first artificial Earth satellite, and then the Vostok manned space vehicles into orbit. These accomplishments allowed the Soviet Union to beat the United States on being the first nation to enter space, and taking a leading position during the early Space Race.

Death Edit

On 24 October 1960, Nedelin, along with approximately 120 other individuals, was killed in a test rocket explosion at Baikonur Cosmodrome. The incident became known as the Nedelin catastrophe, named after Nedelin due to being its most notable victim, and was covered up by the authorities. The explosion reduced his body to ashes: the only identifiable remains found were his partially melted gold star, his watch (stopped at the moment of the explosion), and one of his military shoulder boards.[3] Nedelin's death was officially listed as having occurred in a plane crash until the collapse of the Soviet Union in the 1990s uncovered the incident.

Nedelin was buried in a tomb in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis at Red Square in Moscow. On December 20, 1999, Russian President Boris Yeltsin posthumously awarded the Order of Courage to Nedelin and the personnel who were responsible for preparing the R-16 missile.

Honors and awards Edit

Soviet Union and Russia
Foreign

In other media Edit

  • Marshall Nedellin appears as a character in the 2005 BBC docudrama TV series, Space Race. He is played by English actor Tim Woodward.
  • Nedelin Disaster // RussianSpaceWeb.com (in English)

References Edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f Memoirs of Nikita Khrushchev, Volume 2, Reformer 1945-64, by Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev and Sergeĭ Khrushchev, pub Penn State Press, 2006, ISBN 0-271-02861-0, p817.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h The Generals of WWII – Nedelin
  3. ^ А. Железняков. "Байконурская трагедия". Retrieved 24 April 2021.
  4. ^ Osovik, Kirill. "Неделин Митрофан Иванович". www.warheroes.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 1 September 2020.

Further reading Edit

  • "Rockets and people" – B. E. Chertok, M: "mechanical engineering", 1999. ISBN 5-217-02942-0 (in Russian);
  • J. K. Golovanov, M., , Nauka, 1994, ISBN 5-02-000822-2;
  • "Testing of rocket and space technology - the business of my life" Events and facts - A.I. Ostashev, Korolyov, 2001.[1];
  • «A breakthrough in space» - Konstantin Vasilyevich Gerchik, M: LLC "Veles", 1994, - ISBN 5-87955-001-X;
  • «At risk» – A. A. Toul, Kaluga, "the Golden path", 2001. ISBN 5-7111-0333-1
  • "Top secret General" – E.T. Beloglazova, M: "the Heroes of the Fatherland", 2005. ISBN 5-98698-012-3
  • "Melua, A.I." " Rocket technology, cosmonautics and artillery. Biographies of scientists and specialists.- 2nd ed., supplement, St. Petersburg: "Humanistics"[2], 2005. С. 355. ISBN 5-86050-243-5
  • "Look back and look ahead. Notes of a military engineer" - Rjazhsky A. A., 2004, SC. first, the publishing house of the "Heroes of the Fatherland" ISBN 5-91017-018-X.
  • A.I. Ostashev, Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov - The Genius of the 20th Century — 2010 M. of Public Educational Institution of Higher Professional Training MGUL ISBN 978-5-8135-0510-2.
  • "Unknown Baikonur" - edited by B. I. Posysaeva, M.: "globe", 2001. ISBN 5-8155-0051-8
  • "Rocket and space feat Baikonur" - Vladimir Порошков, the "Patriot" publishers 2007. ISBN 5-7030-0969-3
  • "Bank of the Universe" - edited by Boltenko A. C., Kyiv, 2014., publishing house "Phoenix", ISBN 978-966-136-169-9
  • "We grew hearts in Baikonur" - Author: Eliseev V. I. M: publisher OAO MPK in 2018, ISBN 978-5-8493-0415-1

External links Edit

  Media related to Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin at Wikimedia Commons

  • Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin //Family history
  • The newspaper Moskovsky Komsomolets // The disaster at Baikonur (in Russian)
  • The official website of the city administration Baikonur // Baikonur commemorated a test rocket and space technology.(in Russian)
  • The official website of the city administration Baikonur - Honorary citizens of Baikonur
  • For the 50th anniversary of the flight of Yuri Gagarin //Press note No. 3 |Jan – APR| 2011. (in Russian)

October 21, 2023
mitrofan, nedelin, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, unclear, citation, style, references, used, made, clearer, with, different, consistent. This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article has an unclear citation style The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of citation and footnoting November 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations November 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin Russian Mitrofa n Iva novich Nede lin 9 November O S 27 October 1902 24 October 1960 was a Soviet military commander who served as Chief Marshal of the Artillery in the Soviet Armed Forces Mitrofan Ivanovich NedelinBorn9 November O S 27 October 1902Borisoglebsk Voronezh Governorate Russian EmpireDied24 October 1960 1960 10 24 aged 57 Baikonur Cosmodrome Kazakh SSR Soviet UnionBuriedKremlin Wall NecropolisAllegiance Soviet UnionService wbr branchArtilleryStrategic Rocket ForcesYears of service1920 1960RankChief marshal of the artilleryCommands held13th Artillery Regiment 1939 40 Artillery 160th Rifle Division 1940 41 4th Anti Tank Brigade 1941 Artillery 18th Army 1941 Artillery 37th Army 1941 43 Artillery 56th Army 1943 V Artillery Corps 1943 Artillery South Western Front 1943 Artillery 3rd Ukrainian Front 1943 45 Artillery Southern Soviet Group of Forces 1945 46 Chief Artillery Directorate 1948 50 Artillery 1950 52 1953 55 Deputy Minister of War 1952 53 Deputy Minister of Defence 1955 60 Strategic Missile Force 1959 60 Battles warsRussian Civil WarSpanish Civil WarWinter War World War IIAwardsHero of the Soviet UnionA long time member of the Red Army Nedelin was a veteran of numerous wars and was honored as a Hero of the Soviet Union for his service during the Second World War On 8 May 1959 Nedelin was promoted to Chief Marshal of the Artillery and became an important program manager in the development of ICBMs and the Space Race On 24 October 1960 Nedelin was killed in an explosion at Baikonur Cosmodrome during the eponymous Nedelin catastrophe Contents 1 Early life 2 Military career 3 Space 4 Death 5 Honors and awards 6 In other media 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External linksEarly life EditMitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin was born on November 9 1902 in Borisoglebsk Voronezh Governorate Russian Empire Military career EditNedelin joined the Red Army in 1920 aged 18 and fought as a volunteer in the Russian Civil War until its conclusion in 1923 The following year he joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and was conscripted back into the Red Army becoming an artillery commander 1 From 1937 to 1939 Nedelin fought in the Spanish Civil War as a foreign volunteer for the Republican Government and the same year was appointed to command 13th Artillery Regiment in the Soviet Red Army 2 In 1940 he was appointed to command the artillery of 160th Rifle Division after returning from Spain and participated in the Winter War until 1940 2 In 1941 after the Soviet Union entered World War II Nedelin was appointed commander of first 4th Anti Tank Brigade then the artillery of 18th Army and then the artillery of 37th Army where he stayed until 1943 before being moved to command the artillery of 56th Army 2 In 1943 he was appointed Deputy Commanding Officer of the artillery of the Northern Caucasian Front 1 2 From there Nedelin moved to command the V Artillery Corps and then the artillery of the south western front and then the artillery of the 3rd Ukrainian Front where he stayed from 1943 to 1945 playing an especially important part in the capture of Hungary 1 2 In 1945 Nedelin became assistant commanding officer and then the commanding officer of the artillery of the Soviet Southern Group of Forces 1 2 In 1946 after the end of the Second World War Nedelin became chief of staff of the chief artillery directorate of the Soviet Army and then chief of staff of artillery and then deputy commander in chief of artillery In 1948 he became head of the chief artillery directorate of the Soviet Army before becoming commander in chief of artillery from 1950 to 1952 and after a brief period as Deputy Minister of War returned as commander in chief of artillery from 1953 to 1955 1 2 From 1955 he was Deputy Minister of Defence and concurrently from 1959 commander in chief of the Strategic Missile Force 1 2 Space EditDuring the Cold War Nedelin inadvertently played a key role in ushering in the Space Age by concluding that rockets were the ideal means to deliver a nuclear warhead to the United States instead of bombers and ordered Sergei Korolev to develop the massive R 7 ICBM capable of carrying a large warhead to the United States This rocket and its derivatives while never an effective ICBM was powerful enough to launch Sputnik the world s first artificial Earth satellite and then the Vostok manned space vehicles into orbit These accomplishments allowed the Soviet Union to beat the United States on being the first nation to enter space and taking a leading position during the early Space Race Death EditOn 24 October 1960 Nedelin along with approximately 120 other individuals was killed in a test rocket explosion at Baikonur Cosmodrome The incident became known as the Nedelin catastrophe named after Nedelin due to being its most notable victim and was covered up by the authorities The explosion reduced his body to ashes the only identifiable remains found were his partially melted gold star his watch stopped at the moment of the explosion and one of his military shoulder boards 3 Nedelin s death was officially listed as having occurred in a plane crash until the collapse of the Soviet Union in the 1990s uncovered the incident Nedelin was buried in a tomb in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis at Red Square in Moscow On December 20 1999 Russian President Boris Yeltsin posthumously awarded the Order of Courage to Nedelin and the personnel who were responsible for preparing the R 16 missile Honors and awards EditSoviet Union and RussiaOrder of Courage 1999 posthumously 4 Hero of the Soviet Union 28 April 1945 Five Orders of Lenin 13 September 1944 28 April 1945 20 April 1956 21 December 1957 Four Orders of the Red Banner 22 February 1939 13 December 1942 3 November 1944 15 November 1950 Order of Suvorov 1st class 19 March 1944 Order of Kutuzov 1st class 26 October 1943 Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky 1st class 18 November 1944 Order of the Patriotic War 1st class 3 November 1944 Order of the Badge of Honour 16 August 1936 Medal For the Defence of the Caucasus 1944 Medal For the Capture of Budapest 1945 Medal For the Capture of Vienna 1945 Medal For the Liberation of Belgrade 1945 Jubilee Medal XX Years of the Workers and Peasants Red Army 1938 Jubilee Medal 30 Years of the Soviet Army and Navy 1948 Jubilee Medal 40 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR 1958 ForeignOrder of Military Merit Bulgaria Medal of Sino Soviet Friendship China Order of Hungarian Freedom Hungary Order of the Partisan Star 1st class Yugoslavia In other media EditMarshall Nedellin appears as a character in the 2005 BBC docudrama TV series Space Race He is played by English actor Tim Woodward Nedelin Disaster RussianSpaceWeb com in English References Edit a b c d e f Memoirs of Nikita Khrushchev Volume 2 Reformer 1945 64 by Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev and Sergeĭ Khrushchev pub Penn State Press 2006 ISBN 0 271 02861 0 p817 a b c d e f g h The Generals of WWII Nedelin A Zheleznyakov Bajkonurskaya tragediya Retrieved 24 April 2021 Osovik Kirill Nedelin Mitrofan Ivanovich www warheroes ru in Russian Retrieved 1 September 2020 Further reading Edit Rockets and people B E Chertok M mechanical engineering 1999 ISBN 5 217 02942 0 in Russian J K Golovanov M Korolev Facts and myths Nauka 1994 ISBN 5 02 000822 2 Testing of rocket and space technology the business of my life Events and facts A I Ostashev Korolyov 2001 1 A breakthrough in space Konstantin Vasilyevich Gerchik M LLC Veles 1994 ISBN 5 87955 001 X At risk A A Toul Kaluga the Golden path 2001 ISBN 5 7111 0333 1 Top secret General E T Beloglazova M the Heroes of the Fatherland 2005 ISBN 5 98698 012 3 Melua A I Rocket technology cosmonautics and artillery Biographies of scientists and specialists 2nd ed supplement St Petersburg Humanistics 2 2005 S 355 ISBN 5 86050 243 5 Look back and look ahead Notes of a military engineer Rjazhsky A A 2004 SC first the publishing house of the Heroes of the Fatherland ISBN 5 91017 018 X A I Ostashev Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov The Genius of the 20th Century 2010 M of Public Educational Institution of Higher Professional Training MGUL ISBN 978 5 8135 0510 2 Unknown Baikonur edited by B I Posysaeva M globe 2001 ISBN 5 8155 0051 8 Rocket and space feat Baikonur Vladimir Poroshkov the Patriot publishers 2007 ISBN 5 7030 0969 3 Bank of the Universe edited by Boltenko A C Kyiv 2014 publishing house Phoenix ISBN 978 966 136 169 9 We grew hearts in Baikonur Author Eliseev V I M publisher OAO MPK in 2018 ISBN 978 5 8493 0415 1External links Edit nbsp Media related to Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin at Wikimedia Commons Mitrofan Ivanovich Nedelin Family history The newspaper Moskovsky Komsomolets The disaster at Baikonur in Russian The official website of the city administration Baikonur Baikonur commemorated a test rocket and space technology in Russian The official website of the city administration Baikonur Honorary citizens of Baikonur For the 50th anniversary of the flight of Yuri Gagarin Press note No 3 Jan APR 2011 in Russian Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mitrofan Nedelin amp oldid 1181072207, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.