José Oswald de Souza Andrade (January 11, 1890 – October 22, 1954)[1] was a Brazilian poet, novelist and cultural critic. He was born in, spent most of his life in, and died in São Paulo.[2]
Oswald de Andrade
Andrade in 1920
Born
José Oswald de Souza Andrade (1890-01-11)January 11, 1890 São Paulo, Brazil
Died
October 22, 1954(1954-10-22) (aged 64) São Paulo, Brazil
Occupation
poet and polemicist
Literary movement
Founder of Brazilian modernism; member of the Group of Five
Notable works
Manifesto Pau-Brasil (1924)
Pau-brasil (poems, 1925)
Estrela de absinto (1927)
Manifesto Antropófago (1928)
Meu Testamento (1944)
A Arcádia e a Inconfidência (1945)
A Crise da Filosofia Messiânica (1950)
Um Aspecto Antropofágico da Cultura Brasileira: O Homem Cordial (1950)
Born into a wealthy bourgeois family in São Paulo, Andrade used his money and connections to support numerous modernist artists and projects. He sponsored the publication of several major novels of the period, produced a number of experimental plays, and supported several painters, including Tarsila do Amaral, with whom he had a long affair, and Lasar Segall.
Andrade joined the Communist Party in 1931, but left it, disillusioned, in 1945.[3] He remained controversial for his radical political views and his often belligerent outspokenness. His role in the modernist art community was made somewhat awkward by his feud with Mário de Andrade, which lasted from 1929 (after Oswald de Andrade published a pseudonymous essay mocking Mário for effeminacy) until Mário de Andrade's untimely death in 1945.
Manifesto Antropófagoedit
Andrade is particularly important for his Manifesto Antropófago (Anthropophagist Manifesto), published in 1928. Its argument is that colonized countries, such as Brazil, should ingest the culture of the colonizer and digest it in its own way. The text is explicitly inspired by Michel de Montaigne, Karl Marx, Sigmund Freud and André Breton, and is composed through a procedure of "deglutition" of some of the most renowned manifestos of the Western culture, such as the Manifesto of the Communist Party and the Surrealist Manifesto.[4] Andrade distinguishes Anthropophagy from cannibalism (low anthropophagy) on the grounds that the former is a ritualistic practice to be found among indigenous peoples in Brazil;[5] in this ritual sense, Anthropophagy functions as a rite of incorporation of the world-view of the ingested enemy.[6]
By turning Anthropophagy into the motto of a manifesto, Andrade operates an inversion through which he affirms as the leitmotiv of a cultural movement precisely those practices based on which several indigenous peoples were considered as barbarians deprived of culture.[7] Anthropophagy becomes thus a way for the former colony to assert itself against European postcolonial cultural domination.[8] The manifesto's iconic line is "Tupi or not Tupi: that is the question." The line is simultaneously a celebration of the Tupi, who had been at times accused of cannibalism (most notoriously by Hans Staden), and an instance of the anthropophagical rite: it eats Shakespeare. Antropofagia, as a movement, has a significant impact in multiple domains of Brazilian culture, such as theater (Teatro Oficina),[9] music (Tropicalismo)[10] and cinema (Cinema Novo).[11] As a consequence, some authors such as Augusto de Campos and Eduardo Viveiros de Castro consider it as Brazil's most radical artistic movement and as the only "original philosophy" produced in the country.[12][13] On the other hand, some critics argue that Antropofagia, as a movement, was too heterogeneous to extract overarching arguments from it and that often it had little to do with a post-colonial cultural politics (Jauregui 2018, 2012).
Garcia, Luis Fellipe. "Only Anthropophagy unites us – Oswald de Andrade's Decolonial Project", in Cultural Studies 34:1 (2020): 122–142.[1]
Jauregui, Carlos, A. "Antropofagia", in Irwin, Robert McKee, and Szurmuk, Mónica (eds.), Dictionary of Latin American Cultural Studies. Gainesville, FL: The University Press of Florida (2012): 22–28. [2]
Boaventura, Maria Eugenia. A Vanguarda Antropofágica. São Paulo: Ática, 1985.
Helena, Lúcia. Totens e tabus da modernidade brasileira: símbolo e alegoria na obra de Oswald de Andrade. Rio de Janeiro: Tempo Brasileiro. 1985.
Justino, Maria José. O Banquete Canibal: A modernidade em Tarsila do Amaral 1886-1973. Curitiba, Brazil: Editora UFPR, 2002.
Nunes, Benedito. Oswald Canibal. São Paulo: Perspectiva, 1979.
Nunes, Benedito. A Utopia Antropofágica: A Antropofagia ao alcance de todos. São Paulo: Globo, 1990.
Netto, Adriano Bitarães. Antropofagia Oswaldiana: Um Receituário Estético e Científico. São Paulo: Annablume, 2004.
Morais Junior, Luís Carlos de Lui Morais. O Olho do Ciclope e os Novos Antropófagos: Antropofagia Cinematótica na Literatura Brasileira. Rio de Janeiro: Quártica Editora, 2009.
In Spanish:
Jauregui, Carlos A. Canibalia. Canibalismo, calibanismo, antropofagia cultural y consumo en América Latina. Premio Casa de las Américas. Madrid, Spain: Vervuert, ETC: Ensayos de Teoría Cultural 1, 2008.
Referencesedit
^"Oswald de Andrade". educacao.uol.com.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2023-05-28.
^"Oswald de Andrade: Biography and Poems | Brazilian Poetry". Retrieved 2021-05-28.
^"Oswald de Andrade". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
^Azevedo, Beatriz (2016). Antropofagia - Palimpsesto Selvagem. São Paulo: Cosac Naify. pp. 103–104. ISBN9788550402994.
^Andrade, Oswald de (1978). Obras Completas de Oswald de Andrade - Do Pau-Brasil à Antropofagia e às Utopias. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira. p. 77.
^Viveiros de Castro, Eduardo (2016). "Que temos nós com isso? - prefácio a Antropofagia - Palimpsesto Selvagem de Beatriz Azevedo". In Azevedo, Beatriz (ed.). Antropofagia – Palimpsesto Selvagem. Cosac Naify. pp. 11–19. ISBN9788540509955.
External linksedit
Article on the Antropofagia movement (English)
Article on the philosophical dimension of the Antropofagia movement (English)
Entry on the Antropofagia movement in the Online Dictionary of Intercultural Philosophy (English and Portuguese)
Poems by O. de Andrade translated into the English Language. Includes Jean R. Longland. AN ANTHOLOGY OF TWENTIETH-CENTURY BRAZILIAN POETRY. Sponsored by the Academy of American Poets. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1972.
Works by Oswald de Andrade at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
November 01, 2023
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This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations November 2014 Learn how and when to remove this template message Jose Oswald de Souza Andrade January 11 1890 October 22 1954 1 was a Brazilian poet novelist and cultural critic He was born in spent most of his life in and died in Sao Paulo 2 Oswald de AndradeAndrade in 1920BornJose Oswald de Souza Andrade 1890 01 11 January 11 1890Sao Paulo BrazilDiedOctober 22 1954 1954 10 22 aged 64 Sao Paulo BrazilOccupationpoet and polemicistLiterary movementFounder of Brazilian modernism member of the Group of FiveNotable worksManifesto Pau Brasil 1924 Pau brasil poems 1925 Estrela de absinto 1927 Manifesto Antropofago 1928 Meu Testamento 1944 A Arcadia e a Inconfidencia 1945 A Crise da Filosofia Messianica 1950 Um Aspecto Antropofagico da Cultura Brasileira O Homem Cordial 1950 A Marcha das Utopias 1953 Andrade was one of the founders of Brazilian modernism and a member of the Group of Five along with Mario de Andrade Anita Malfatti Tarsila do Amaral and Menotti del Picchia He participated in the Modern Art Week Semana de Arte Moderna Contents 1 Biography 2 Manifesto Antropofago 3 Selected works 4 Sources 5 References 6 External linksBiography editBorn into a wealthy bourgeois family in Sao Paulo Andrade used his money and connections to support numerous modernist artists and projects He sponsored the publication of several major novels of the period produced a number of experimental plays and supported several painters including Tarsila do Amaral with whom he had a long affair and Lasar Segall Andrade joined the Communist Party in 1931 but left it disillusioned in 1945 3 He remained controversial for his radical political views and his often belligerent outspokenness His role in the modernist art community was made somewhat awkward by his feud with Mario de Andrade which lasted from 1929 after Oswald de Andrade published a pseudonymous essay mocking Mario for effeminacy until Mario de Andrade s untimely death in 1945 Manifesto Antropofago editAndrade is particularly important for his Manifesto Antropofago Anthropophagist Manifesto published in 1928 Its argument is that colonized countries such as Brazil should ingest the culture of the colonizer and digest it in its own way The text is explicitly inspired by Michel de Montaigne Karl Marx Sigmund Freud and Andre Breton and is composed through a procedure of deglutition of some of the most renowned manifestos of the Western culture such as the Manifesto of the Communist Party and the Surrealist Manifesto 4 Andrade distinguishes Anthropophagy from cannibalism low anthropophagy on the grounds that the former is a ritualistic practice to be found among indigenous peoples in Brazil 5 in this ritual sense Anthropophagy functions as a rite of incorporation of the world view of the ingested enemy 6 By turning Anthropophagy into the motto of a manifesto Andrade operates an inversion through which he affirms as the leitmotiv of a cultural movement precisely those practices based on which several indigenous peoples were considered as barbarians deprived of culture 7 Anthropophagy becomes thus a way for the former colony to assert itself against European postcolonial cultural domination 8 The manifesto s iconic line is Tupi or not Tupi that is the question The line is simultaneously a celebration of the Tupi who had been at times accused of cannibalism most notoriously by Hans Staden and an instance of the anthropophagical rite it eats Shakespeare Antropofagia as a movement has a significant impact in multiple domains of Brazilian culture such as theater Teatro Oficina 9 music Tropicalismo 10 and cinema Cinema Novo 11 As a consequence some authors such as Augusto de Campos and Eduardo Viveiros de Castro consider it as Brazil s most radical artistic movement and as the only original philosophy produced in the country 12 13 On the other hand some critics argue that Antropofagia as a movement was too heterogeneous to extract overarching arguments from it and that often it had little to do with a post colonial cultural politics Jauregui 2018 2012 Selected works editAlma 1922 Manifesto Pau Brasil 1924 Pau brasil poems 1925 Estrela de absinto 1927 Manifesto Antropofago 1928 Serafim Ponte Grande 1933 Meu Testamento 1944 A Arcadia e a Inconfidencia 1945 A Crise da Filosofia Messianica 1950 Um Aspecto Antropofagico da Cultura Brasileira O Homem Cordial 1950 A Marcha das Utopias 1953 Sources editIn English Garcia Luis Fellipe Only Anthropophagy unites us Oswald de Andrade s Decolonial Project in Cultural Studies 34 1 2020 122 142 1 Jauregui Carlos A Antropofagia in Irwin Robert McKee and Szurmuk Monica eds Dictionary of Latin American Cultural Studies Gainesville FL The University Press of Florida 2012 22 28 2 In Portuguese Azevedo Beatriz Antropofagia Palimpsesto Selvagem Sao Paulo Cosac Naify 2016 Boaventura Maria Eugenia A Vanguarda Antropofagica Sao Paulo Atica 1985 Helena Lucia Totens e tabus da modernidade brasileira simbolo e alegoria na obra de Oswald de Andrade Rio de Janeiro Tempo Brasileiro 1985 Justino Maria Jose O Banquete Canibal A modernidade em Tarsila do Amaral 1886 1973 Curitiba Brazil Editora UFPR 2002 Nunes Benedito Oswald Canibal Sao Paulo Perspectiva 1979 Nunes Benedito A Utopia Antropofagica A Antropofagia ao alcance de todos Sao Paulo Globo 1990 Netto Adriano Bitaraes Antropofagia Oswaldiana Um Receituario Estetico e Cientifico Sao Paulo Annablume 2004 Morais Junior Luis Carlos de Lui Morais O Olho do Ciclope e os Novos Antropofagos Antropofagia Cinematotica na Literatura Brasileira Rio de Janeiro Quartica Editora 2009 In Spanish Jauregui Carlos A Canibalia Canibalismo calibanismo antropofagia cultural y consumo en America Latina Premio Casa de las Americas Madrid Spain Vervuert ETC Ensayos de Teoria Cultural 1 2008 References edit Oswald de Andrade educacao uol com br in Brazilian Portuguese Retrieved 2023 05 28 Oswald de Andrade Biography and Poems Brazilian Poetry Retrieved 2021 05 28 Oswald de Andrade Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica inc Retrieved 17 May 2020 Azevedo Beatriz 2016 Antropofagia Palimpsesto Selvagem Sao Paulo Cosac Naify pp 103 104 ISBN 9788550402994 Andrade Oswald de 1978 Obras Completas de Oswald de Andrade Do Pau Brasil a Antropofagia e as Utopias Rio de Janeiro Civilizacao Brasileira p 77 Viveiros de Castro Eduardo 1992 From the Enemy s Point of View Humanity and Divinity in Amazonian Society Chicago University of Chicago Press ISBN 9780226858029 Garcia Luis Fellipe Oswald de Andrade Anthropophagy ODIP Online Dictionary of Intercultural Philosophy Thorsten Botz Bornstein ed Retrieved 15 June 2020 Garcia Luis Fellipe 2020 Only Anthropophagy unites us Oswald de Andrade s Decolonial Project Cultural Studies 34 1 122 142 doi 10 1080 09502386 2018 1551412 S2CID 150336023 Correa Jose Celso Martinez 1998 Primeiro Ato cadernos depoimentos entrevistas 1958 1974 Sao Paulo Editora 34 pp 85 94 ISBN 8573260882 Veloso Caetano 2017 Verdade Tropical Sao Paulo Companhia das Letras pp 255 274 ISBN 9788535929898 Johnson Randal Stam Robert 1995 Brazilian Cinema New York Columbia University Press pp 178 190 ISBN 9780231102674 Campos Augusto de 2015 Poesia Antipoesia Antropofagia amp Cia Sao Paulo Companhia das Letras pp 153 154 ISBN 9788535926460 Viveiros de Castro Eduardo 2016 Que temos nos com isso prefacio a Antropofagia Palimpsesto Selvagem de Beatriz Azevedo In Azevedo Beatriz ed Antropofagia Palimpsesto Selvagem Cosac Naify pp 11 19 ISBN 9788540509955 External links editArticle on the Antropofagia movement English Article on the philosophical dimension of the Antropofagia movement English Entry on the Antropofagia movement in the Online Dictionary of Intercultural Philosophy English and Portuguese Poems by O de Andrade translated into the English Language Includes Jean R Longland AN ANTHOLOGY OF TWENTIETH CENTURY BRAZILIAN POETRY Sponsored by the Academy of American Poets Middletown CT Wesleyan University Press 1972 Works by Oswald de Andrade at LibriVox public domain audiobooks nbsp Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Oswald de Andrade amp oldid 1174040928, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
