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Silver Medal of Military Valor

December 18, 2023

The Silver Medal of Military Valor (Italian: Medaglia d'argento al valor militare) is an Italian medal for gallantry.

Silver Medal of Military Valor
Medaglia d'argento al valor militare
Silver Medal of Military Valor
(Royal version & Republican version)
TypeMilitary decoration
Awarded forDeeds of outstanding gallantry in war
Country Italy
EligibilityJunior officers and soldiers
Established21 May 1793
Ribbon bar of the medal
Precedence
Next (higher)Cross of Honour for Victims of Acts of Terrorism[1]
Next (lower)Silver Medal for Army Valor[1]

Italian medals for valor were first instituted by Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia on 21 May 1793, with a gold medal, and, below it, a silver medal. These were intended for junior officers or common soldiers who had distinguished themselves in combat.

These medals fell into disuse during the period of Napoleonic domination. They were reinstated on 1 April 1815, by Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia, who, however, abolished them only a few months later, on 4 August 1815, replacing them with the Military Order of Savoy (l'Ordine militare di Savoia), now known as the Military Order of Italy.

However, in 1833, Charles Albert of Sardinia, recognizing that the Military Order was too exclusive in that it could only be awarded to persons of high rank, re-instituted the medals for valor (gold and silver) as awards for noble acts performed by soldiers in both war and peace.[2]

According to royal decree no. 753 of 24 May 1915, the number of times one individual could receive a medal for valor (both silver and gold) was limited to three, after which a promotion was foreseen. This limit was abolished with royal decree no. 975 of 15 June 1922.[3]

During World War I, the medal was awarded to military personnel, units above the level of company and civilians for exceptional valor in the face of the enemy.

During World War I, the medal was given out some 38,614 times for individual acts of heroism (compared to 368 Gold Medals and 60,244 Bronze medals).[4]

Thus, the Italian Silver Medal for Military Valor is equivalent in frequency and prestige to the British Military Cross, which was awarded some 40,253 times during World War I.[5]

The Silver Medal for Military Valor is still awarded by the Italian state, and it, along with the Gold and Bronze medals for Military Valor as well as the "Croce di Guerra al Valor Militare" (War Cross of Military Valor - which can only be awarded in time of war) is established by the Royal Decree of 4 November 1932, in which the purpose of these medals is defined as "To distinguish and publicly honor the authors of heroic military acts, even ones performed in time of peace, provided that the exploit is closely connected with the purposes for which the Armed Forces are constituted, whatever may be the condition or quality of the author."[6]

Notable recipients edit

 
Ernest Hemingway as an Italian Front Red Cross ambulance driver.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b (in Italian). Esercito.difesa.it. Archived from the original on 2012-07-02. Retrieved 2012-05-30.
  2. ^ preceding three paragraphs adapted and translated from the website of the "Istituto del nastro azzurro fra combattenti decorati al valor militare, Federazione provinciale di Pescara" http://www.istitutonastroazzurro.it/ordinemilitaresavoia.html
  3. ^ This paragraph is a translation of paragraph three of the section "Cenni storici" in the Italian Wikipedia article "it:Valor militare".
  4. ^ "Nel 1° Centenario della istituzione della Medaglia al Valor Militare" edizione del 1933 dell' Ufficio storico dell' esercito
  5. ^ London Gazette
  6. ^ official website of the Italian Presidency http://www.quirinale.it/qrnw/statico/onorificenze/cennistorici/medagliacrocevm.htm

December 18, 2023
silver, medal, military, valor, italian, medaglia, argento, valor, militare, italian, medal, gallantry, medaglia, argento, valor, militare, royal, version, republican, version, typemilitary, decorationawarded, fordeeds, outstanding, gallantry, warcountry, ital. The Silver Medal of Military Valor Italian Medaglia d argento al valor militare is an Italian medal for gallantry Silver Medal of Military ValorMedaglia d argento al valor militareSilver Medal of Military Valor Royal version amp Republican version TypeMilitary decorationAwarded forDeeds of outstanding gallantry in warCountry ItalyEligibilityJunior officers and soldiersEstablished21 May 1793Ribbon bar of the medalPrecedenceNext higher Cross of Honour for Victims of Acts of Terrorism 1 Next lower Silver Medal for Army Valor 1 Italian medals for valor were first instituted by Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia on 21 May 1793 with a gold medal and below it a silver medal These were intended for junior officers or common soldiers who had distinguished themselves in combat These medals fell into disuse during the period of Napoleonic domination They were reinstated on 1 April 1815 by Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia who however abolished them only a few months later on 4 August 1815 replacing them with the Military Order of Savoy l Ordine militare di Savoia now known as the Military Order of Italy However in 1833 Charles Albert of Sardinia recognizing that the Military Order was too exclusive in that it could only be awarded to persons of high rank re instituted the medals for valor gold and silver as awards for noble acts performed by soldiers in both war and peace 2 According to royal decree no 753 of 24 May 1915 the number of times one individual could receive a medal for valor both silver and gold was limited to three after which a promotion was foreseen This limit was abolished with royal decree no 975 of 15 June 1922 3 During World War I the medal was awarded to military personnel units above the level of company and civilians for exceptional valor in the face of the enemy During World War I the medal was given out some 38 614 times for individual acts of heroism compared to 368 Gold Medals and 60 244 Bronze medals 4 Thus the Italian Silver Medal for Military Valor is equivalent in frequency and prestige to the British Military Cross which was awarded some 40 253 times during World War I 5 The Silver Medal for Military Valor is still awarded by the Italian state and it along with the Gold and Bronze medals for Military Valor as well as the Croce di Guerra al Valor Militare War Cross of Military Valor which can only be awarded in time of war is established by the Royal Decree of 4 November 1932 in which the purpose of these medals is defined as To distinguish and publicly honor the authors of heroic military acts even ones performed in time of peace provided that the exploit is closely connected with the purposes for which the Armed Forces are constituted whatever may be the condition or quality of the author 6 Notable recipients edit nbsp Ernest Hemingway as an Italian Front Red Cross ambulance driver Italo Balbo William George Barker VC Nicola Bellomo twice Alfred Ingemar Berndt Aaron Bradshaw Jr Carlo Emanuele Buscaglia Federico Cafiero Mark W Clark Gino De Giorgi twice Ludovico De Filippi Arturo Ferrarin Alfred Gause Joachim Helbig Ernest Hemingway Sir William Holmes Hans Kroh Alfredo Madau it Hans Joachim Marseille Mario Masciulli Walther Nehring Erwin Rommel Hans Ulrich Rudel Hippolyte De La Rue Emanuele Ruspoli Nazario Sauro Achille Starace Johannes Streich Walkiria Terradura Attilio Teruzzi Edmond Thieffry Cervi Brothers Hans von Luck Guido Jung Ada Gobetti Armando DiazSee also editMedal of Military Valor Gold Medal of Military Valor Bronze Medal of Military Valor Italian medals 1860 today Italian Wikipedia List of military decorationsReferences edit a b Esercito Italiano Nastrini delle decorazioni in uso in Italian Esercito difesa it Archived from the original on 2012 07 02 Retrieved 2012 05 30 preceding three paragraphs adapted and translated from the website of the Istituto del nastro azzurro fra combattenti decorati al valor militare Federazione provinciale di Pescara http www istitutonastroazzurro it ordinemilitaresavoia html This paragraph is a translation of paragraph three of the section Cenni storici in the Italian Wikipedia article it Valor militare Nel 1 Centenario della istituzione della Medaglia al Valor Militare edizione del 1933 dell Ufficio storico dell esercito London Gazette official website of the Italian Presidency http www quirinale it qrnw statico onorificenze cennistorici medagliacrocevm htm Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Silver Medal of Military Valor amp oldid 1165135725, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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