Maurice of Hesse-Kassel (German: Moritz; 25 May 1572 – 15 March 1632), also called Maurice the Learned[1] or Moritz, was the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) in the Holy Roman Empire from 1592 to 1627.
Although Maurice had been raised in the Lutheran faith, he converted to Calvinism in 1605. On the principle Cuius regio eius religio, Maurice's subjects were also required to convert to Calvinism. Maurice's conversion was controversial since the Peace of Augsburg had only settled religious matters betweens Roman Catholics and Lutherans and had not considered Calvinists. Maurice tried to introduce Calvinism to the lands which he had inherited from the extinct Hesse-Marburg branch of his family. Such a change of faith was contrary to the inheritance rules, and resulted in an ongoing conflict with the Hesse-Darmstadt branch. It also brought him into conflict with the Holy Roman Emperor, Matthias.
English strolling players ('Die Englische Comoedianten') were frequent visitors to, and performers in, towns and cities in Germany and other European countries, including Kassel, during the 16th and 17th centuries. Landgraf Moritz (to use his German nomenclature) was a great supporter of the performing arts and even built the first permanent theatre in Germany, named the Ottoneum, in 1605. This building still exists today but as a Natural History Museum.
Maurice's actions (though not necessarily the Ottoneum) ruined Hesse-Kassel financially. In 1627 he abdicated in favour of his son William V.[1] Five years later he died in Eschwege. He was not only a serious musician but an expert composer (a Pavane of his, for the lute, has several times been recorded by both lutenists and guitarists). The leading musical figures whom he supported included Heinrich Schütz and John Dowland.
Marriages and issue
On 23 September 1593, Maurice married Agnes of Solms-Laubach (7 January 1578 – 23 November 1602). They had six children:
Frederick (b. Kassel, 9 May 1617 – killed in battle, Kosten, 24 September 1655), inherited Eschwege.
Christian (b. Kassel, 5 February 1622 – d. Bückeburg, 14 November 1640), Swedish colonel, died after an altercation with General Johan Banér and some other officers; he was probably poisoned.[2]
Ernest (b. Kassel, 17 December 1623 – d. Köln, 12 May 1693), inherited Rheinfels.
Christine (b. Kassel, 9 July 1625 – d. Kassel, 25 July 1626).
Philipp (b. Kassel, 28 September 1626 – d. Rotenburg, 8 July 1629).
Elisabeth (b. Kassel, 23 October 1628 – d. Kassel, 10 February 1633).
^Schlotter, Acta, p. 327. - also: Thirty Years' War (in German) [retrieved 15 June 2014].
References
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Anonymous (1911). "Hesse-Cassel". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 410.
Bruce T. Moran: The alchemical world of the German court. Occult philosophy and chemical medicine in the circle of Moritz of Hessen (1572 - 1632). Stuttgart, Steiner 1991.
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This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Maurice Landgrave of Hesse Kassel news newspapers books scholar JSTOR November 2010 Learn how and when to remove this template message Maurice of Hesse Kassel German Moritz 25 May 1572 15 March 1632 also called Maurice the Learned 1 or Moritz was the Landgrave of Hesse Kassel or Hesse Cassel in the Holy Roman Empire from 1592 to 1627 MauriceLandgrave of Hesse KasselPortrait of Maurice of Hesse Kassel from the work Theatrum Europaeum 1662 Born25 May 1572Kassel Hesse KasselDied15 March 1632 aged 59 Eschwege Hesse KasselNoble familyHesse KasselSpouse s Agnes of Solms LaubachJuliane of Nassau SiegenIssueDetailOtto Hereditary Prince of Hesse KasselElisabeth Duchess of MecklenburgWilliam V Landgrave of Hesse KasselAgnes Princess of Anhalt DessauHerman IV Landgrave of Hesse RotenburgMagdalene Countess of Salm ReifferscheidSophie Countess of Schaumburg LippeFrederick Landgrave of Hesse EschwegeErnest Landgrave of Hesse RheinfelsFatherWilliam IV Landgrave of Hesse KasselMotherSabine of Wurttemberg Contents 1 Life 2 Marriages and issue 3 Ancestry 4 Notes 5 References 6 External linksLife EditMaurice was born in Kassel as the son of William IV Landgrave of Hesse Kassel and of his wife Sabine of Wurttemberg Although Maurice had been raised in the Lutheran faith he converted to Calvinism in 1605 On the principle Cuius regio eius religio Maurice s subjects were also required to convert to Calvinism Maurice s conversion was controversial since the Peace of Augsburg had only settled religious matters betweens Roman Catholics and Lutherans and had not considered Calvinists Maurice tried to introduce Calvinism to the lands which he had inherited from the extinct Hesse Marburg branch of his family Such a change of faith was contrary to the inheritance rules and resulted in an ongoing conflict with the Hesse Darmstadt branch It also brought him into conflict with the Holy Roman Emperor Matthias English strolling players Die Englische Comoedianten were frequent visitors to and performers in towns and cities in Germany and other European countries including Kassel during the 16th and 17th centuries Landgraf Moritz to use his German nomenclature was a great supporter of the performing arts and even built the first permanent theatre in Germany named the Ottoneum in 1605 This building still exists today but as a Natural History Museum Maurice s actions though not necessarily the Ottoneum ruined Hesse Kassel financially In 1627 he abdicated in favour of his son William V 1 Five years later he died in Eschwege He was not only a serious musician but an expert composer a Pavane of his for the lute has several times been recorded by both lutenists and guitarists The leading musical figures whom he supported included Heinrich Schutz and John Dowland Marriages and issue EditOn 23 September 1593 Maurice married Agnes of Solms Laubach 7 January 1578 23 November 1602 They had six children Otto Hereditary Prince of Hesse Kassel b Kassel 24 December 1594 Hersfeld 7 August 1617 Elisabeth b Kassel 24 March 1596 d Gustrow 16 December 1625 married John Albert II Duke of Mecklenburg Stillborn child 24 January 1597 Stillborn child August 1599 Maurice b Kassel 14 July 1600 d Kassel 11 August 1612 William V Landgrave of Hesse Kassel b Kassel 13 February 1602 d Leer Ostfriesland 21 September 1637 On 22 May 1603 Maurice married Countess Juliane of Nassau Siegen 3 September 1587 15 February 1643 They had fourteen children Philipp b Kassel 26 September 1604 killed in battle Lutter am Barenberge 17 June 1626 Agnes b Kassel 14 May 1606 d Dessau 28 5 1650 married John Casimir Prince of Anhalt Dessau Herman b Kassel 15 August 1607 d Rotenburg 25 March 1658 inherited Rotenburg Juliane b Marburg 7 October 1608 d Kassel 11 December 1628 Sabine b Kassel 5 July 1610 d Kassel 21 May 1620 Magdalene b Kassel 25 August 1611 d Bedburg 12 February 1671 married Erich Adolf Count of Salm Reifferscheid Maurice b Kassel 13 June 1614 d Kassel 16 February 1633 Sophie b Kassel 12 September 1615 d Buckeburg 22 November 1670 married Philip I Count of Schaumburg Lippe Frederick b Kassel 9 May 1617 killed in battle Kosten 24 September 1655 inherited Eschwege Christian b Kassel 5 February 1622 d Buckeburg 14 November 1640 Swedish colonel died after an altercation with General Johan Baner and some other officers he was probably poisoned 2 Ernest b Kassel 17 December 1623 d Koln 12 May 1693 inherited Rheinfels Christine b Kassel 9 July 1625 d Kassel 25 July 1626 Philipp b Kassel 28 September 1626 d Rotenburg 8 July 1629 Elisabeth b Kassel 23 October 1628 d Kassel 10 February 1633 Ancestry EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed February 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message Ancestors of Maurice Landgrave of Hesse Kassel8 William II Landgrave of Hesse4 Philip I Landgrave of Hesse9 Anna of Mecklenburg Schwerin2 William IV Landgrave of Hesse Kassel10 George Duke of Saxony5 Christine of Saxony11 Barbara Jagiellon1 Maurice Landgrave of Hesse Kassel12 Ulrich Duke of Wurttemberg6 Christoph Duke of Wurttemberg13 Sabina of Bavaria3 Sabine of Wurttemberg14 Georg of Brandenburg Ansbach7 Anna Maria of Brandenburg Ansbach15 Hedwig of Munsterberg OelsNotes Edit a b Anonymous 1911 p 410 Schlotter Acta p 327 also Thirty Years War in German retrieved 15 June 2014 References Edit This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Anonymous 1911 Hesse Cassel In Chisholm Hugh ed Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 13 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 410 Bruce T Moran The alchemical world of the German court Occult philosophy and chemical medicine in the circle of Moritz of Hessen 1572 1632 Stuttgart Steiner 1991 External links EditFree scores by Maurice Landgrave of Hesse Kassel in the Choral Public Domain Library ChoralWiki Free scores by Moritz von Hessen Kassel at the International Music Score Library Project IMSLP Maurice Landgrave of Hesse KasselHouse of HesseBorn 25 May 1572 Died 15 March 1632Regnal titlesPreceded byWilliam IV Landgrave of Hesse Kassel1592 1627 Succeeded byWilliam V Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Maurice Landgrave of Hesse Kassel amp oldid 1098036743, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
