In March 2013 around a thousand people occupied a piece of land in Cato Crest, Durban and named it Marikana after the Marikana miners' strike.[4][5][6] Mayor James Nxumalo blamed the occupation on migrants from the Eastern Cape.[7][8] He was strongly criticised for this by the shack dwellers' movement Abahlali baseMjondolo who said that "The City Hall is red with blood".[9]
The land occupation resulted in considerable conflict.[10] On 13 March the occupiers chased ANC councillor Mzimuni Ngiba out of his house and the general area.[11] Later on a community leader, Thembinkosi Qumbelo, was assassinated.[12] His murder was believed to be linked to the land occupation.[13] A second man, unnamed in media reports, was killed in the same attack.[14] On 25 June 2013 another activist involved in the occupation, Nkululeko Gwala, a member of the social movement Abahlali baseMjondolo was assassinated.[15][16][17] On 30 September 2013 Nqobile Nzuza, a seventeen-year-old girl, also linked to Abahlali baseMjondolo, was shot dead (two shots in the back) by the police during a protest.[18][19]
Evictionsedit
The municipality illegally evicted the occupiers on a number of occasions[20] despite repeated court orders interdicting them from evicting.[21][22] The evictions by eThekwini's Land Invasion Unit backed up by police have been violent with police shooting residents with rubber bullets. One resident of Marikana named Mngomezulu was shot in the stomach with live ammunition by the Land Invasion Unit[23] and remained in ICU for weeks.[24] Friends of Mngomezulu reported that they feared that he would poisoned by supporters of the local ANC councillor while in hospital.[25]
The illegal evictions have been condemned by the South African General Council of the Bar.[26][27] It has been reported that as a result of defying the courts, eThekwini municipal officials, including municipal manager Sibusiso Sithole, could face imprisonment.[28] The Socio-Economic Rights Institute called the actions of the eThekwini municipality "criminal" saying that it "tears the fabric of our constitutional democracy."[29]
The occupation was destroyed by the city for the 9th time on 23 December 2013.[30][31]
Arrestsedit
There were a number of arrests of Abahlali baseMjondolo members during the conflict. The most prominent arrest was that of the movement's then General Secretary Bandile Mdlalose on the charge of public violence. The arrest caused a lot of controversy with commentators labeling the arrest "politically motivated" and being based on "trumped up charges".[dead link][32][33]
Responseedit
Abahlali baseMjondolo organised a response to the evictions and marched in the thousands on the Durban City Hall on 15 September 2013. One of the main demands of the march was for the evictions in Cato Crest to cease.[34]
After receiving no response to their memorandum, the movement began blocking roads and burning tyres in Cato Crest and adjacent to other shack settlements across the city of Durban claiming to be demanding "answers to all our unanswered memoranda."[35] During one of these road blockades an unarmed 17-year-old girl, Nqobile Nzuza, was shot dead by the police.[36][37]
Court Casesedit
Abahlali baseMjondolo won cases against the provincial Minister for Human Settlements, Ravi Pillay, and the eThekwini Municipality, in both the Constitutional Court and the Durban High Court. These judgments showed the repeated evictions of the occupation to have been unlawful.[38] Following the Constitutional Court judgment the evictions ceased.
^Cato Crest land hunger of Marikana proportions, Mail & Guardian, 6 September 2013
^"In Durban's Cato Manor, death by protest death by dissent", Daily Maverick, South Africa, 30 September 2013, retrieved 9 October 2013
^‘Migrants’ are fuelling Durban’s housing backlog, By Arthi Sanpath and Sihle Mthembu, Independent on Saturday, 16 March 2013
^Shack dwellers invade Durban, Lee Rondganger and Nkululeko Nene, Daily News, 14 March 2013
^"Poor people can think for themselves", Workers' Liberty, 27 March 2015
^There will be blood, Daily Maverick, 27 September 2013
^‘Migrants’ are fuelling Durban’s housing backlog, By Arthi Sanpath and Sihle Mthembu, Independent on Saturday, 16 March 2013
^Nigel Gumede Must Go, Abahlali baseMjondolo, 19 March 2013
^'Black Boers' clear townships by force by Ruth Maclean, The Times, London, 22 November 2013
^Councillor flees from land invaders, by Bongani Hans, The Mercury, 14 March 2013
^"From Lusaka to Marikana, Richard Pithouse, SACSIS", 2013
^Cato Crest community leader gunned down, by Nkuleleko Nene, The Daily News, 18 March 2013
^2 die in Durban land grab area, Sapa, 19 March 2013
^Cato Crest: Land hunger of 'Marikana' proportions, Manqoba Nxumalo, Mail & Guardian, 6 September 2013
^A Provincial Concern? Political Killings in South Africa, David Bruce, SA Crime Quarterly (45), 2013
^Why Are Political Killings Increasing in South Africa?, James Bullock, Think Africa Press, 21 October 2013
^In Durban's Cato Manor: Death by protest, death by dissent, Khadija Patel, Daily maverick, 1 October 2013
^Sacrifice After Mandela: Liberation and Liberalization Among South Africa’s First Post-Apartheid Generation, Kerry Chance, Anthropological Quarterly, 2015
^Marikana and the Contemporary Moment, New York Law School Review, 2014
^Durban officials face imprisonment for Cato Crest evictions, Socio-Economic Rights Institute of South Africa, 9 September 2013
^Theoretical Criminology 19 November 2014 1362480614557306, Olly Owen & Sarah-Jane Cooper Knock
^Cato Manor's struggle against state repression, GroundUp,. Ndabo Mzimela, 8 September 2015
^ANC 1 Shack Dwellers 0, Mail & Guardian, 27 September 2013
^There will be blood, Daily Maverick, 27 September 2013
^Advocates slam council demolitions, Daily News, 26 September 2013
^Duban officials face imprisonment for Cato Crest evictions, Mail & Guardian, 11 September 2013
^Duban officials face imprisonment for Cato Crest evictions, Mail & Guardian, 11 September 2013
^Bleak Christmas as dwellers are left homeless. By Rizwana Sheik Umar and Sihle Mlambo, The Daily News, 24 December 2013.
^City destroys shacks. By Noelene Barbeau, The Daily News, 24 December 2013.
^The Political Arrest of Bandile Mdlalose, Africa is a Country
^SAPS violence shackes the foundation of democracy,Daily Maverick
^Shack dwellers take the fight to eThekwini – and the ANC takes note, Khadija Patel,. Daily Maverick, 16 September 2013
^Road Blockades Around the City, Abahlali baseMjondolo, 26 September 2013
^Sacrifice After Mandela: Liberation and Liberalization Among South Africa’s First Post-Apartheid Generation, Kerry Chance, Anthropological Quarterly, 2015
^Nqobile Nzuza, a 17 Year Old School Girl, Shot Dead with Live Ammunition by the Cato Manor SAPS, Abahlali baseMjondolo, 30 September 2013
marikana, land, occupation, durban, march, 2013, around, thousand, people, occupied, piece, land, cato, crest, durban, named, marikana, after, marikana, miners, strike, mayor, james, nxumalo, blamed, occupation, migrants, from, eastern, cape, strongly, critici. In March 2013 around a thousand people occupied a piece of land in Cato Crest Durban and named it Marikana after the Marikana miners strike 4 5 6 Mayor James Nxumalo blamed the occupation on migrants from the Eastern Cape 7 8 He was strongly criticised for this by the shack dwellers movement Abahlali baseMjondolo who said that The City Hall is red with blood 9 Marikana Land Occupation Durban Date12 March 2013 2013 03 12 presentLocationCato Crest area in Durban South AfricaParticipantsAbahlali baseMjondolo movementAfrican National CongresseThekwini MunicipalitySouth African Police ServiceDeaths15 March 2013 1 Thembinkosi Qumbelo 1 25 June 2013 1 Nkululeko Gwala 2 30 September 2013 1 Nqobile Nzuza 3 Marikana Land Occupation Durban class notpageimage Marikana Land Occupation Durban in Cato Crest South Africa Contents 1 Conflict 2 Evictions 3 Arrests 4 Response 5 Court Cases 6 Online News Reports 7 See also 8 Notes and referencesConflict editThe land occupation resulted in considerable conflict 10 On 13 March the occupiers chased ANC councillor Mzimuni Ngiba out of his house and the general area 11 Later on a community leader Thembinkosi Qumbelo was assassinated 12 His murder was believed to be linked to the land occupation 13 A second man unnamed in media reports was killed in the same attack 14 On 25 June 2013 another activist involved in the occupation Nkululeko Gwala a member of the social movement Abahlali baseMjondolo was assassinated 15 16 17 On 30 September 2013 Nqobile Nzuza a seventeen year old girl also linked to Abahlali baseMjondolo was shot dead two shots in the back by the police during a protest 18 19 Evictions editThe municipality illegally evicted the occupiers on a number of occasions 20 despite repeated court orders interdicting them from evicting 21 22 The evictions by eThekwini s Land Invasion Unit backed up by police have been violent with police shooting residents with rubber bullets One resident of Marikana named Mngomezulu was shot in the stomach with live ammunition by the Land Invasion Unit 23 and remained in ICU for weeks 24 Friends of Mngomezulu reported that they feared that he would poisoned by supporters of the local ANC councillor while in hospital 25 The illegal evictions have been condemned by the South African General Council of the Bar 26 27 It has been reported that as a result of defying the courts eThekwini municipal officials including municipal manager Sibusiso Sithole could face imprisonment 28 The Socio Economic Rights Institute called the actions of the eThekwini municipality criminal saying that it tears the fabric of our constitutional democracy 29 The occupation was destroyed by the city for the 9th time on 23 December 2013 30 31 Arrests editThere were a number of arrests of Abahlali baseMjondolo members during the conflict The most prominent arrest was that of the movement s then General Secretary Bandile Mdlalose on the charge of public violence The arrest caused a lot of controversy with commentators labeling the arrest politically motivated and being based on trumped up charges dead link 32 33 Response editAbahlali baseMjondolo organised a response to the evictions and marched in the thousands on the Durban City Hall on 15 September 2013 One of the main demands of the march was for the evictions in Cato Crest to cease 34 After receiving no response to their memorandum the movement began blocking roads and burning tyres in Cato Crest and adjacent to other shack settlements across the city of Durban claiming to be demanding answers to all our unanswered memoranda 35 During one of these road blockades an unarmed 17 year old girl Nqobile Nzuza was shot dead by the police 36 37 Court Cases editAbahlali baseMjondolo won cases against the provincial Minister for Human Settlements Ravi Pillay and the eThekwini Municipality in both the Constitutional Court and the Durban High Court These judgments showed the repeated evictions of the occupation to have been unlawful 38 Following the Constitutional Court judgment the evictions ceased Online News Reports editShack dwellers claim land ENCA 2013 Television Rights Group Wins Major Victory Limiting Evictions ENCA 2015 Television See also editMarikana Land Occupation Cape Town Abahlali baseMjondolo Political assassinations in post apartheid South AfricaNotes and references edit From Lusaka to Marikana SACSIS 19 March 2013 Cato Crest land hunger of Marikana proportions Mail amp Guardian 6 September 2013 In Durban s Cato Manor death by protest death by dissent Daily Maverick South Africa 30 September 2013 retrieved 9 October 2013 Migrants are fuelling Durban s housing backlog By Arthi Sanpath and Sihle Mthembu Independent on Saturday 16 March 2013 Shack dwellers invade Durban Lee Rondganger and Nkululeko Nene Daily News 14 March 2013 Poor people can think for themselves Workers Liberty 27 March 2015 There will be blood Daily Maverick 27 September 2013 Migrants are fuelling Durban s housing backlog By Arthi Sanpath and Sihle Mthembu Independent on Saturday 16 March 2013 Nigel Gumede Must Go Abahlali baseMjondolo 19 March 2013 Black Boers clear townships by force by Ruth Maclean The Times London 22 November 2013 Councillor flees from land invaders by Bongani Hans The Mercury 14 March 2013 From Lusaka to Marikana Richard Pithouse SACSIS 2013 Cato Crest community leader gunned down by Nkuleleko Nene The Daily News 18 March 2013 2 die in Durban land grab area Sapa 19 March 2013 Cato Crest Land hunger of Marikana proportions Manqoba Nxumalo Mail amp Guardian 6 September 2013 A Provincial Concern Political Killings in South Africa David Bruce SA Crime Quarterly 45 2013 Why Are Political Killings Increasing in South Africa James Bullock Think Africa Press 21 October 2013 In Durban s Cato Manor Death by protest death by dissent Khadija Patel Daily maverick 1 October 2013 Sacrifice After Mandela Liberation and Liberalization Among South Africa s First Post Apartheid Generation Kerry Chance Anthropological Quarterly 2015 Marikana and the Contemporary Moment New York Law School Review 2014 Durban officials face imprisonment for Cato Crest evictions Socio Economic Rights Institute of South Africa 9 September 2013 Theoretical Criminology 19 November 2014 1362480614557306 Olly Owen amp Sarah Jane Cooper Knock Cato Manor s struggle against state repression GroundUp Ndabo Mzimela 8 September 2015 ANC 1 Shack Dwellers 0 Mail amp Guardian 27 September 2013 There will be blood Daily Maverick 27 September 2013 Advocates slam council demolitions Daily News 26 September 2013 General Council of the Bar Statement on Cato Crest permanent dead link Abahlali baseMjondolo 23 September 2013 Duban officials face imprisonment for Cato Crest evictions Mail amp Guardian 11 September 2013 Duban officials face imprisonment for Cato Crest evictions Mail amp Guardian 11 September 2013 Bleak Christmas as dwellers are left homeless By Rizwana Sheik Umar and Sihle Mlambo The Daily News 24 December 2013 City destroys shacks By Noelene Barbeau The Daily News 24 December 2013 The Political Arrest of Bandile Mdlalose Africa is a Country SAPS violence shackes the foundation of democracy Daily Maverick Shack dwellers take the fight to eThekwini and the ANC takes note Khadija Patel Daily Maverick 16 September 2013 Road Blockades Around the City Abahlali baseMjondolo 26 September 2013 Sacrifice After Mandela Liberation and Liberalization Among South Africa s First Post Apartheid Generation Kerry Chance Anthropological Quarterly 2015 Nqobile Nzuza a 17 Year Old School Girl Shot Dead with Live Ammunition by the Cato Manor SAPS Abahlali baseMjondolo 30 September 2013 Court victory vindicates shack dwellers rights Daneel Knoetze 27 August 2015 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Marikana land occupation Durban amp oldid 1177242491, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
