Abies mariesii (Maries' fir, in Japanese, オオシラビソ or アオモリトドマツ, Ōshirabiso, or Aomoritodomatsu) is a fir native to the mountains of central and northern Honshū, Japan. It grows at altitudes of 750–1,900 m in northern Honshū, and 1,800–2,900 m in central Honshū, always in temperate rain forest with high rainfall and cool, humid summers, and very heavy winter snowfall.
It is a medium-sized evergreenconiferoustree growing to 15–30 m tall with a trunk diameter of up to 0.8 m, smaller and sometimes shrubby at tree line. The leaves are needle-like, flattened, 1.5–2.5 cm long and 2 mm wide by 0.5 mm thick, matt dark green above, and with two white bands of stomata below, and slightly notched at the tip. The leaf arrangement is spiral on the shoot, but with each leaf variably twisted at the base so they lie flat to either side of and above the shoot, with none below the shoot. The shoots are orange-red with dense velvety pubescence. The cones are 5–11 cm long and 3–4 cm broad, dark purple-blue before maturity; the scale bracts are short, and hidden in the closed cone. The winged seeds are released when the cones disintegrate at maturity about 6–7 months after pollination.
Maries' fir is very closely related to Pacific silver firA. amabilis from the Pacific coast of North America, which is distinguished by its slightly longer leaves (2–4.5 cm) and larger cones (9–17 cm long).
Discoveryedit
Maries' fir is named after the English plant collector Charles Maries (1851–1902), who introduced the species to Britain in 1879.
Maries noticed a conifer new to him growing in a garden, and learnt that it could be found in quantity on a neighbouring mountain. He went in search, and had reached a height of 3,500 ft., when it became obvious that the bamboo scrub formed an impassable barrier on that side of the mountain, and he reluctantly had to turn back, although the object of his search could plainly be seen. The following day he again made the ascent, but this time from the north side, and he succeeded in procuring cones of a new species, since named by Maxwell T. Masters, Abies mariesii.[2]
Referencesedit
^Katsuki, T.; Zhang, D.; Rushforth, K. (2013). "Abies mariesii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42291A2970199. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42291A2970199.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
abies, mariesii, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, january, 2. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Abies mariesii news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2019 Learn how and when to remove this template message Abies mariesii Maries fir in Japanese オオシラビソ or アオモリトドマツ Ōshirabiso or Aomoritodomatsu is a fir native to the mountains of central and northern Honshu Japan It grows at altitudes of 750 1 900 m in northern Honshu and 1 800 2 900 m in central Honshu always in temperate rain forest with high rainfall and cool humid summers and very heavy winter snowfall Maries firConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade GymnospermaeDivision PinophytaClass PinopsidaOrder PinalesFamily PinaceaeGenus AbiesSpecies A mariesiiBinomial nameAbies mariesiiMast Maries fir leavesIt is a medium sized evergreen coniferous tree growing to 15 30 m tall with a trunk diameter of up to 0 8 m smaller and sometimes shrubby at tree line The leaves are needle like flattened 1 5 2 5 cm long and 2 mm wide by 0 5 mm thick matt dark green above and with two white bands of stomata below and slightly notched at the tip The leaf arrangement is spiral on the shoot but with each leaf variably twisted at the base so they lie flat to either side of and above the shoot with none below the shoot The shoots are orange red with dense velvety pubescence The cones are 5 11 cm long and 3 4 cm broad dark purple blue before maturity the scale bracts are short and hidden in the closed cone The winged seeds are released when the cones disintegrate at maturity about 6 7 months after pollination Maries fir is very closely related to Pacific silver fir A amabilis from the Pacific coast of North America which is distinguished by its slightly longer leaves 2 4 5 cm and larger cones 9 17 cm long Discovery editMaries fir is named after the English plant collector Charles Maries 1851 1902 who introduced the species to Britain in 1879 According to the account in Hortus Veitchii whilst waiting at Aomori on the main island Honshu for a steamer to convey him to Hakodate on the island of Hokkaido Maries noticed a conifer new to him growing in a garden and learnt that it could be found in quantity on a neighbouring mountain He went in search and had reached a height of 3 500 ft when it became obvious that the bamboo scrub formed an impassable barrier on that side of the mountain and he reluctantly had to turn back although the object of his search could plainly be seen The following day he again made the ascent but this time from the north side and he succeeded in procuring cones of a new species since named by Maxwell T Masters Abies mariesii 2 References edit Katsuki T Zhang D Rushforth K 2013 Abies mariesii IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013 e T42291A2970199 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2013 1 RLTS T42291A2970199 en Retrieved 20 November 2021 James Herbert Veitch 2006 Hortus Veitchii reprint ed Caradoc Doy p 80 ISBN 0 9553515 0 2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Abies mariesii amp oldid 1111518173, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
