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Manuel García (baritone)

January 17, 2023

Manuel Patricio Rodríguez García (17 March 1805 – 1 July 1906), was a Spanish singer, music educator, and vocal pedagogue. He invented the first laryngoscope.[1]

Garcia, aged 100 by John Singer Sargent

Biography

García was born on 17 March 1805 either in Madrid, as has been traditionally stated, or in the town of Zafra in Badajoz Province, Spain.[2] His father was singer and teacher Manuel del Pópulo Vicente Rodriguez García (Manuel García I, 1775–1832). His sisters were Maria Malibran (1808–1836) and Pauline Viardot (1821–1910). After abandoning his onstage career as a baritone, García began to teach at the Paris Conservatory (1830–48) and the Royal Academy of Music, London (1848–95). Jessie Bond, Camille Everardi, Erminia Frezzolini, Julius Günther, Jenny Lind, Mathilde Marchesi, Christina Nilsson, Julia Ettie Crane, Julius Stockhausen, Marie Tempest, Charles Santley and Henry Wood were among his pupils. He invented a laryngoscope in 1854 and the next year published observations of his own larynx and vocal cords made with a small dental mirror introduced into the throat and using sunlight reflected by another mirror.[3][4] He has been credited with saving the career of Jenny Lind, who had suffered vocal damage from overwork in her early twenties. García was interested in movements connected with the production of the singing voice and did not anticipate the importance of laryngoscopy for medicine. Still, the University of Königsberg conferred upon him the honorary degree of M.D.[5] He died in London in 1906 at the age of 101 years and was buried in the churchyard of St. Edward's Catholic church in Sutton Green, Surrey. His grave gives details of his many famous pupils and accomplishments.

On 22 November 1832 in Paris García married the operatic soprano Cécile Eugénie Mayer (Paris, 8 April 1814 – Paris, 12 August 1880). They had two sons Manuel (1836–1885) Gustave (1837–1925) and two daughters, Eugenie Harouel (1840–1924) and Marie Crèpet (1842–1867).[6] His second son Gustave Garcia (1 February 1837 – 1925) was a singer, actor, and author of three books on vocal and stage techniques. Gustave's son, Albert García (1875–1946), studied voice with his great aunt (Pauline Viardot), became a respected baritone, and produced an edition of his grandfather's treatise on singing (1924).[7]

From second wife Beata Elena Rodriguez (+ 19 April 1917) were born 2 daughters, Paula (+ 1 May 1960) wife from 1901 of Major George McKenzie Franks (1868–1958) – and Manuela Beata Carmen (+ 5 March 1924).

 
Portrait of Manuel García, 1905.

Works

 
The laryngoscopy. From García, 1884
  • Mémoire sur la voix humaine présenté à l'Académie des Sciences en 1840. Paris: Duverger, 1847.
  • Ecole de García: traité complet de l'art du chant par Manuel García fils. Mayence, Paris: Schott 1840 (Teil 1), 1847 (Teil 2).
  • Tratado completo del arte del canto. Lucía Díaz Marroquín y Mario Villoria (eds.). Kassel: Reichenberger, 2012. (Annotated edition in Spanish).
  • Garcías Schule oder Die Kunst des Gesanges in allen ihren Theilen vollst. abgehandelt von Manuel García. Deutscher Text von C. Wirth. Mainz: Schott, 1841; auch in zwei Teilen in der Zeitschrift Caecilia; Erster Theil, in Band 22 (1843), Heft 85; Zweiter Theil in Band 26 (1847), Heft 104 (Digitalisat)
  • Ecole de García: traité complet de l'art du chant. (Band 1 und 2 zusammen). Mayence, Paris: Schott 1856.
  • A complete treatise on the art of singing, part two by M. García II. Second part, complete and unabridged, the editions of 1847 and 1872 collated, ed. and transl. by Donald V. Paschke. Reprint of the 1872 edition. New York: Da Capo Press, 1975. ISBN 0-306-76212-9. ISBN 0-306-70660-1. (Note: Includes bibliographies).

Genealogy

References

Notes
  1. ^ "Manuel Patricio García". 3 February 2014.
  2. ^ Nearly all sources (e.g. Fitzlyon; Encyclopædia Britannica Online; H. Rosenthal and J. Warrack, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Opera, London, Oxford University Press, 1964, ad nomen; Teresa Radomski, Manuel García (1805/1906): A Bicentenary Reflection, "Australian Voice", Volume 11, 2005, p. 26) report Madrid as Garcia’s (likely) birthplace, but his pupil and biographer Malcolm Sterling Mackinlay wrote that "the place of his birth was not Madrid, as has been so often stated, but Zafra in Catalonia" (Garcia the centenarian, p. 13). In fact, however, the town of Zafra is in Extremadura, not in Catalonia.
  3. ^ Manuel García (1855). "Observations on the Human Voice". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 7 (60): 399–410. doi:10.1098/rspl.1854.0094. PMC 5180321. PMID 30163547. Retrieved 28 August 2010.
  4. ^ American Otological Society (1905). The Laryngoscope. Volume 15, pp. 402-403
  5. ^ Mackinlay, p. 219
  6. ^ Lee, Sidney, ed. (1912). "Garcia, Manuel" . Dictionary of National Biography (2nd supplement). Vol. 2. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  7. ^ Teresa Radomski (2005). "Manuel García (1805–1906):A bicentenary reflection" (PDF). Australian Voice. 11: 25–41. Retrieved 28 August 2010.
Sources
  • "Manuel Patricio García, el científico del bel canto" RTVE La 2. Documentary (3:55 min.).
  • Malcolm Sterling Mackinlay: Garcia the centenarian and his times, being a memoir of Manuel Garcia's life and labours for the advancement of music and science. Edinburgh and London: Blackwood, 1908 (accessible for free online in Internet Archive; reprint: García the centenarian and his times. New York: Da Capo Pr., 1976).
  • Lucía Díaz Marroquín y Mario Villoria Morillo. La práctica del canto según Manuel García. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 2012 (Includes the exercises and annotated arias from the Traite complet de l'art du chant) (in Spanish).
  • Byron Cantrell: Hints on singing by Manuel Patricio Rodríguez García. Introd. by Byron Cantrell. Canoga Park, Calif.: Summit Publ. Co., 1970. Reprint of the edition London, New York 1894 (Translated from French).
  • April Fitzlyon, Garcia, Manuel (Patricio Rodriguez), in Stanley Sadie (ed): The New Grove Dictionary of Opera. New York: Grove (Oxford University Press), 1997 (II, p. 345). ISBN 978-0-19-522186-2.

External links

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

January 17, 2023
manuel, garcía, baritone, manuel, patricio, rodríguez, garcía, march, 1805, july, 1906, spanish, singer, music, educator, vocal, pedagogue, invented, first, laryngoscope, garcia, aged, john, singer, sargent, contents, biography, works, genealogy, references, e. Manuel Patricio Rodriguez Garcia 17 March 1805 1 July 1906 was a Spanish singer music educator and vocal pedagogue He invented the first laryngoscope 1 Garcia aged 100 by John Singer Sargent Contents 1 Biography 2 Works 3 Genealogy 4 References 5 External linksBiography EditGarcia was born on 17 March 1805 either in Madrid as has been traditionally stated or in the town of Zafra in Badajoz Province Spain 2 His father was singer and teacher Manuel del Populo Vicente Rodriguez Garcia Manuel Garcia I 1775 1832 His sisters were Maria Malibran 1808 1836 and Pauline Viardot 1821 1910 After abandoning his onstage career as a baritone Garcia began to teach at the Paris Conservatory 1830 48 and the Royal Academy of Music London 1848 95 Jessie Bond Camille Everardi Erminia Frezzolini Julius Gunther Jenny Lind Mathilde Marchesi Christina Nilsson Julia Ettie Crane Julius Stockhausen Marie Tempest Charles Santley and Henry Wood were among his pupils He invented a laryngoscope in 1854 and the next year published observations of his own larynx and vocal cords made with a small dental mirror introduced into the throat and using sunlight reflected by another mirror 3 4 He has been credited with saving the career of Jenny Lind who had suffered vocal damage from overwork in her early twenties Garcia was interested in movements connected with the production of the singing voice and did not anticipate the importance of laryngoscopy for medicine Still the University of Konigsberg conferred upon him the honorary degree of M D 5 He died in London in 1906 at the age of 101 years and was buried in the churchyard of St Edward s Catholic church in Sutton Green Surrey His grave gives details of his many famous pupils and accomplishments On 22 November 1832 in Paris Garcia married the operatic soprano Cecile Eugenie Mayer Paris 8 April 1814 Paris 12 August 1880 They had two sons Manuel 1836 1885 Gustave 1837 1925 and two daughters Eugenie Harouel 1840 1924 and Marie Crepet 1842 1867 6 His second son Gustave Garcia 1 February 1837 1925 was a singer actor and author of three books on vocal and stage techniques Gustave s son Albert Garcia 1875 1946 studied voice with his great aunt Pauline Viardot became a respected baritone and produced an edition of his grandfather s treatise on singing 1924 7 From second wife Beata Elena Rodriguez 19 April 1917 were born 2 daughters Paula 1 May 1960 wife from 1901 of Major George McKenzie Franks 1868 1958 and Manuela Beata Carmen 5 March 1924 Portrait of Manuel Garcia 1905 Works Edit The laryngoscopy From Garcia 1884 Memoire sur la voix humaine presente a l Academie des Sciences en 1840 Paris Duverger 1847 Ecole de Garcia traite complet de l art du chant par Manuel Garcia fils Mayence Paris Schott 1840 Teil 1 1847 Teil 2 Tratado completo del arte del canto Lucia Diaz Marroquin y Mario Villoria eds Kassel Reichenberger 2012 Annotated edition in Spanish Garcias Schule oder Die Kunst des Gesanges in allen ihren Theilen vollst abgehandelt von Manuel Garcia Deutscher Text von C Wirth Mainz Schott 1841 auch in zwei Teilen in der Zeitschrift Caecilia Erster Theil in Band 22 1843 Heft 85 Zweiter Theil in Band 26 1847 Heft 104 Digitalisat Ecole de Garcia traite complet de l art du chant Band 1 und 2 zusammen Mayence Paris Schott 1856 A complete treatise on the art of singing part two by M Garcia II Second part complete and unabridged the editions of 1847 and 1872 collated ed and transl by Donald V Paschke Reprint of the 1872 edition New York Da Capo Press 1975 ISBN 0 306 76212 9 ISBN 0 306 70660 1 Note Includes bibliographies Genealogy EditManuel Garcia 1775 1832 singer composer impresario married Joaquina Sitches 1780 1864 Manuel Garcia Junior 1805 1906 singer composer singing teacher married Cecile Maria Eugenie Mayer 1814 1880 Manuel Garcia 1836 1885 Gustave Garcia 1837 1925 baritone and singing teacher married Emily Matilda Ann Martorell 1835 Alberto Garcia 1875 1946 baritone Eugenie Harouel 1840 1924 Marie Crepet 1842 1867 Maria Malibran 1808 1836 singer married Francois Eugene Malibran 1781 1836 no children married Charles Auguste de Beriot 1802 1870 composer violinist Charles Wilfrid de Beriot 1833 1914 pianist composer professor at the Ecole Niedermeyer Pauline Viardot 1821 1910 singer composer married Louis Viardot 1800 1883 Louise Heritte Viardot 1841 1918 composer pianist singer Paul Viardot 1857 1941 Marianne Viardot 1854 1919 painter briefly engaged to Gabriel Faure married Alphonse Duvernoy Claudie Viardot 1852 1914 married Georges Chamerot had issueReferences EditNotes Manuel Patricio Garcia 3 February 2014 Nearly all sources e g Fitzlyon Encyclopaedia Britannica Online H Rosenthal and J Warrack The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Opera London Oxford University Press 1964 ad nomen Teresa Radomski Manuel Garcia 1805 1906 A Bicentenary Reflection Australian Voice Volume 11 2005 p 26 report Madrid as Garcia s likely birthplace but his pupil and biographer Malcolm Sterling Mackinlay wrote that the place of his birth was not Madrid as has been so often stated but Zafra in Catalonia Garcia the centenarian p 13 In fact however the town of Zafra is in Extremadura not in Catalonia Manuel Garcia 1855 Observations on the Human Voice Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 7 60 399 410 doi 10 1098 rspl 1854 0094 PMC 5180321 PMID 30163547 Retrieved 28 August 2010 American Otological Society 1905 The Laryngoscope Volume 15 pp 402 403 Mackinlay p 219 Lee Sidney ed 1912 Garcia Manuel Dictionary of National Biography 2nd supplement Vol 2 London Smith Elder amp Co Teresa Radomski 2005 Manuel Garcia 1805 1906 A bicentenary reflection PDF Australian Voice 11 25 41 Retrieved 28 August 2010 Sources Manuel Patricio Garcia el cientifico del bel canto RTVE La 2 Documentary 3 55 min Malcolm Sterling Mackinlay Garcia the centenarian and his times being a memoir of Manuel Garcia s life and labours for the advancement of music and science Edinburgh and London Blackwood 1908 accessible for free online in Internet Archive reprint Garcia the centenarian and his times New York Da Capo Pr 1976 Lucia Diaz Marroquin y Mario Villoria Morillo La practica del canto segun Manuel Garcia Madrid Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas 2012 Includes the exercises and annotated arias from the Traite complet de l art du chant in Spanish Byron Cantrell Hints on singing by Manuel Patricio Rodriguez Garcia Introd by Byron Cantrell Canoga Park Calif Summit Publ Co 1970 Reprint of the edition London New York 1894 Translated from French April Fitzlyon Garcia Manuel Patricio Rodriguez in Stanley Sadie ed The New Grove Dictionary of Opera New York Grove Oxford University Press 1997 II p 345 ISBN 978 0 19 522186 2 External links Editeuropavox org a website and research project devoted to the voice Includes information on several members of the Garcia family Garcia the Centenarian And His Times by M Sterling Mackinley at gutenberg org Free scores by Manuel Garcia baritone at the International Music Score Library Project IMSLP Biography bibliography This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Gilman D C Peck H T Colby F M eds 1905 New International Encyclopedia 1st ed New York Dodd Mead a href Template Cite encyclopedia html title Template Cite encyclopedia cite encyclopedia a Missing or empty title help Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Manuel Garcia baritone amp oldid 1134158622, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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